The economies of the North and South were vastly different leading up to the Civil War. Money was equivalent to power in both regions. For the North, the economy was based on industry as they were more modern and self-aware. They realized that industrialization was progress and it could help rid the country of slave labor as it was wrong. The North’s population had a class system but citizens could move within the system, provided they made the money that would allow them to move up in class. The class system was not as rigid as it was in the South. By comparison, the South wanted to hold on to its economic policy. In doing so, the practice of slavery kept the social order firmly in place. The economic factors, social issues and a growing animosity between the two regions helped to induce the Civil War. The population of the North consisted of forward thinking individuals. They realized that a change had to be made from agriculture to industry if they were to prosper and for them to use free labor to accomplish prosperity would be to take a step backwards. This ushered in an small and early Industrial Revolution. Factories and mills that produced finished goods sprung up all over the Northern United States along major waterways. These factories produced fabric, iron, machinery, weapons. Raw materials such as cotton was bought from the South and then sold back to them in the form of clothes. Iron workers made iron railroad ties for the growing railroads across the country. More machinery was being built than ever before. These machines were able to multiply the work that could be accomplished. These industries drew in people from rural areas because they were paying for work. As more people came, they settled around the factori... ... middle of paper ... ....com the largest and most complete history site on the web. Retrieved November 12, 2010, from http://www.historycentral.com/CivilWar/AMERICA/Economics.html Kelly, M. (n.d.). Overview of the American Civil War . American History From About. Retrieved November 14, 2010, from http://americanhistory.about.com/od/civilwarmenu/a/civiloverview.htm London, B. (n.d.). A Changing Economy. Georgia and the American Experience. Retrieved November 15, 2010, from www.mystatehistory.com/georgia/ga_05/ch_6_3.pdf London, B. (n.d.). Henry Grady: The South's Best Salesman. Georgia and the American Experience. Retrieved November 16, 2010, from www.mystatehistory.com/georgia/ga_05/ch_9_4.pdf Tariff - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (n.d.). Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved November 14, 2010, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tariff
Throughout the years, many people have been taught that the reason the Civil War happened, was to abolish slavery all through the United States. Although that is true, there were more reasons why the Civil War occurred.Referencing will be done on different articles and writers to support the findings of the authors. The article “Slavery, the Constitutional, and the Origins of the Civil War” by Paul Finkelman, discusses about the North (union) and the South (confederacy) and the disagreement of the territories following the constitutional laws regarding slavery, the article explores both sides of the territories and their beliefs of how the situation of slavery should have been dealt with. The article “The Economic Origins of the Civil War” by Marc Egnal, discusses the North’s (union) and the South’s (confederacy) economic situation that could have pushed the two territories to engage in war with one another. Finally, the last article “Politics, Ideology, and the Origins of the American Civil War” by Eric Foner, focuses on the Norths (union) and Souths (confederacy) views on politics and ideas of how each territory is ran and how they have affected the North and the South. These historians supplied specific and different explanations that explained what exactly caused the United States to enter into a Civil War. With the information provided by the authors, the evidence will lead us to the answer of what caused the Civil War.
Heidler, David Stephen, and Jeanne T. Heidler, eds. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: a
McPherson, James M.; The Atlas of the Civil War. Macmillan: 15 Columbus Circle New York, NY. 1994.
The decades leading up to the American Civil War showed a great divide in the economic, political, and regional attitudes between the North and South. These divisions still plague the country today. However, there is a divide on whether economic anxieties or political differences were the major factor in the run up to the Civil War.
Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T., Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, And Military History Volume 2 D-I, ABC-CLIO Inc, 2000.
The American Civil War was the result of the divergence between the North and South to the extent where they appeared to be strangers to one another. However, decades after the Revolutionary War and creation and ratification of the Constitution, the states were no longer able to agree on the principles the United States of America would want to live by. These few decades took both regions on vastly different paths. In the North, immigration and industrialization began a new era of progress, while the South maintained its agrarian culture. American Civil War historian James McPherson, in his essay, “Antebellum Southern Exceptionalism,” argues that that the different cultures, values, and economic interests held by the North and South were the
The Civil War had a huge effect on the South’s economy. To begin, the Civil War caused billions of dollars of damage and most of it was in the South. The destruction left the South’s economy in a state of collapse. About two-thirds of the transportation system lay in ruin and many bridges were destroyed and miles of railroad were twisted and rendered useless. The Civil War also created bitter feelings among defeated Southerners that lasted for generations. Even more, the Civil War brought an end to slavery so rich Southerner’s couldn’t rely on large-scale farming. The Southerners blamed the North for a lack of industry and manufacturing, which led to more industry in the South. The Civil War had ruined many farms and land, causing there to
With the economic system, the south had a very hard time producing their main source “cotton and tobacco”. “Cotton became commercially significant in the 1790’s after the invention of a new cotton gin by Eli Whitney. (PG 314)” Let alone, if they had a hard time producing goods, the gains would be extremely unprofitable. While in the North, “In 1837, John Deere patented a strong, smooth steel plow that sliced through prairie soil so cleanly that farmers called it the “singing plow.” (PG 281).” Deere’s company became the leading source to saving time and energy for farming as it breaks much more ground to plant more crops. As well as mechanical reapers, which then could harvest twelve acres a day can double the corn and wheat. The North was becoming more advanced by the second. Many moved in the cities where they would work in factories, which contributed to the nation’s economic growth because factory workers actually produced twice as much of labor as agricultural workers. Steam engines would be a source of energy and while coal was cutting prices in half actually created more factories, railroads for transportation, and ships which also gave a rise in agricultural productivity.
In the north, machines, interchangeable parts, and mass production were fast becoming a way of life. Northerners began building factories for mass production. These first factories were used for making textiles and later evolved to manufacturing a wide variety of goods. This created several opportunities for jobs. And with immigrants flooding in from Europe, finding employment was no problem. The factory system was efficient and inexpensive for the north to employ a large work force.
The Southern and Northern states varied on many issues, which eventually led them to the Civil War. There were deep economic, social, and political differences between the North and the South. These differences stemmed from the interpretation of the United States Constitution on both sides. In the end, all of these disagreements about the rights of states led to the Civil War. There were reasons other than slavery for the South?s secession. The manifestations of division in America were many: utopian communities, conflicts over public space, backlash against immigrants, urban riots, black protest, and Indian resistance (Norton 234). America was a divided land in need reform with the South in the most need. The South relied heavily on agriculture, as opposed to the North, which was highly populated and an industrialized society. The South grew cotton, which was its main cash crop and many Southerners knew that heavy reliance on slave labor would hurt the South eventually, but their warnings were not heeded. The South was based on a totalitarian system.
The American Civil War impacted the economies of various regions of the United States differently. The Northern states’ economies were exceedingly more versatile than the Southern states’ economies. This is due to the fact that North was highly urbanize and industrialized when compared
The North had confidently been recognized as a manufacturing society. Labor was needed, although not necessarily slave labor. Immigration was an encouragement. Immigrants that were from European regions worked in factories, built the railroads in the North, and developed the West. Very little stayed put in the South.
The Civil War was very imperative for the economy. Families were divided both physically and mentally because of the Civil War. The biggest effect that the Civil War provoked was that it altered Americans because they asked for equal opportunities. “Prior to the Civil War, the issue of slavery divided Americans. Some were concerned that most African American people were kept as slaves. These people could not enjoy the freedom that white Americans took for granted. Others felt this situation was not only right, but also vital to the economy. This division was at the heart of the Civil War.”(Student Model). This validates that the Civil War caused many
Alabama: A Documentary History to 1900 states “it is a truism that the Civil War altered the economic life of the south” (Griffith, Alabama: A Documentary History to 1900). Before the Civil War Alabama’s economy many depended on agriculture and a work force of slaves. A new south had been created that brought “free labor and greater diversification” (Griffith, Alabama: A Documentary History to 1900). This is in part due to the boom in the iron industry. Mills and mines had existed before the war, although not as influential as they became after the war. Even though cotton was still the dominant export of Alabama, coal iron and steel were becoming an increasing source of income (Griffith, Alabama: A Documentary History to 1900).
The growth of factories and all other associated businesses created numerous opportunities for those seeking to increase their wealth. It wasn’t just the Rockefellers and the Carnegies that benefitted from this period in American history. Many small businesses were also created as a result of the tremendous development of the cities. Income growth for all Americans saw significant increases. Prior to this period, most income was gained from farming and most farmers earned enough to sustain their homestead from year to year. Machinery soon replaced the hand tools and animal-powered farm implements which allowed the farmers to increase their crop yields per season as they were able to farm more land effectively. Higher yields equalled higher profits for farmers. Before the Civil War it took 61 hours of labor to produce an acre of wheat. By 1900, it took 3 hours, 19 minutes. Those who left the farms for the cities were greeted by factories and businesses in dire need of a work force. This also created many opportunities for jobs ‘in the middle’, those jobs between the elite monopolists who owned the businesses and the lower paid laborers who worked the assembly lines at the factories. The American middle class has its roots in the Industrial Revolution.