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How a traumatic incident can affect cognitive development
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Pathology Profile: Somatic Symptom Disorder The book, I Never Promised You a Rose Garden, is the story of a teenage girl named Deborah Blau and her struggle with mental illness. When Deborah is five years old, she undergoes surgery to remove a tumor in her urethra. The procedure itself causes Deborah tremendous pain that continues long after the surgery. The lie that the procedure would be only slightly uncomfortable creates mistrust towards others. Before and after the surgery, Deborah is subjected to humiliation and shame from her parents due to the nature of her condition and the distress it creates. Deborah’s condition is sexualized by her father and the author alludes to the possibility that Deborah had been objectified if not abused …show more content…
Deborah’s delusions are characteristically somatic in nature. She continues to feel physical pain from the removed tumor. Deborah’s delusions can also be describes as bizarre because she believes she is contaminated; capable of poisoning others with her emanations, however this could also be considered somatic. The delusions are also referential in nature because Deborah perceives normal happenings as pivotal changes that reflect and predict her death. Deborah has both visual and auditory hallucinations of her alternate reality and the characters within. Deborah frequently uses neologisms she believes is the language of her alternate reality. This can be considered incoherent speech and because of loose associations and losing topic, her thought process can be considered disorganized. Deborah describes herself as exceptionally clumsy and as losing the ability to see, hear and speak during a distressful episode, which can all be considered abnormal motor behavior. Because many persons diagnosed with schizophrenia do not meet the criterion of avolition many professions make a distinguishes, labeling them Type I and a Type II Schizophrenia where in Type II, loss of volition is not a criterion (Comer,
5). While Schizophrenia has been most commonly treated with the use of anti-psychotic medications for decades, cognitive therapy provides an alternative and cognitive psychologist would undoubtedly disagree with Elizabeth’s mother’s decision to medicate her. The way a cognitive psychologist would treat Elizabeth is by the use of therapy and encouraging her to talk about her behaviors and problems as they do not believe that Schizophrenia “is a biological illness that one either has or does not have” (Freeman, 2014, para. 7) and instead the symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions simply represent the patient’s thoughts and feelings (Freeman, 2014). For example, “an individual troubled by hearing voices will be helped to understand what’s triggering these voices, and to develop a more confident, empowering relationship with them” (Freeman, 2014, para.
Most of the time there is a moment in life where one realizes they have lost all innocence and gained some compassion. “Marigolds” shows how one young girl transferred from a child to young adult through her life experiences. Throughout this story another young, but at the same time old in her prime, lady’s experiences are revealed: the author’s. In this short story, “Marigolds,” Eugenia Collier’s subconscious is unmasked through symbolism, diction, and Lizabeth’s actions.
Another factor that clearly brings out the theme is the fact that she claims that orderliness of family roses is her pride. However she may not necessarily be that orderly as depicted in the development of that story. The author of the story Shirley Jackson uses the author and her ambiguous cha...
The onset of the disease is said to be between the ages of 15 and 25, yet there are cases where the disorder does show up in earlier years. Symptoms are divided into two categories: 1. Positive--which include symptoms that are new to one’s personality and include hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, agitation, disorganized behavior, and disorganized and incoherent speech. A hallucination can be defined as a perception of a sound, image, smell, or sensation that does not exist. Hearing voices that are not there is a common hallucination in schizophrenia. A delusion is a distortion of reality such as a paranoid belief as the belief the government is out to kill you. 2. Negative-- which are characterized by the loss of the aspects of a person’s personality such as lack of emotion or expression.
The delusion is mostly common in patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases; such as Alzheimer’s disease (2% - 30%) [8], schizophrenia (15%) [9] and dementia. It has also been seen in patients suffering from brain injury causing lesions, suggesting that the syndrome has an organic basis.
According the fourth edition diagnostic manual of mental disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2000), the category psychotic disorders (Psychosis) include Schizophrenia, paranoid (Delusional), disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, residual type. Other clinical types include Schizoaffective Disorder, Bipolar Affective Disorder/Manic depression, mania, Psychotic depression, delusional (paranoid) disorders. These are mental disorders in which the thoughts, affective response or ability to recognize reality, and ability to communicate and relate to others are sufficiently impaired to interfere grossly with the capacity to deal with reality; the classical and general characteristics of psychosis are impaired reality testing, hallucinations, delusions, and illusions. Mostly, these are used as defining features of psychosis even if there are other psychotic symptoms that characterise these disorders (L. Bortolotti, 2009).
In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth both show signs of what would today be diagnosed as symptoms of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is defined as "a psychotic disorder characterized by loss of contact with the environment, by noticeable deterioration in the level of functioning in everyday life, and by disintegration of personality expressed as disorder of feeling, thought, and conduct." There are three major symptoms of the disorder; not being able to distinguish the difference between fantasy and reality, incoherent conversations, and withdrawal physically and emotionally. The most common and most well known symptom of schizophrenia is when people cannot distinguish between what is real and what is not. Schizophrenics often suffer from delusions and hallucinations. A delusion is a false belief or idea and a hallucination is seeing, hearing, or sensing something that is not really there. Some people diagnosed with the illness may speak with disjointed conversations. They often utter vague statements that are strung together in an incoherent way. Lastly, some schizophrenics withdraw emotionally, for example, their outlook on life is deadened and they show little or no warmth, and also physically, such as their movements become jerky and robot-like.
Schizophrenia is a serious, chronic mental disorder characterized by loss of contact with reality and disturbances of thought, mood, and perception. Schizophrenia is the most common and the most potentially sever and disabling of the psychosis, a term encompassing several severe mental disorders that result in the loss of contact with reality along with major personality derangements. Schizophrenia patients experience delusions, hallucinations and often lose thought process. Schizophrenia affects an estimated one percent of the population in every country of the world. Victims share a range of symptoms that can be devastating to themselves as well as to families and friends. They may have trouble dealing with the most minor everyday stresses and insignificant changes in their surroundings. They may avoid social contact, ignore personal hygiene and behave oddly (Kass, 194). Many people outside the mental health profession believe that schizophrenia refers to a “split personality”. The word “schizophrenia” comes from the Greek schizo, meaning split and phrenia refers to the diaphragm once thought to be the location of a person’s mind and soul. When the word “schizophrenia” was established by European psychiatrists, they meant to describe a shattering, or breakdown, of basic psychological functions. Eugene Bleuler is one of the most influential psychiatrists of his time. He is best known today for his introduction of the term “schizophrenia” to describe the disorder previously known as dementia praecox and for his studies of schizophrenics. The illness can best be described as a collection of particular symptoms that usually fall into four basic categories: formal thought disorder, perception disorder, feeling/emotional disturbance, and behavior disorders (Young, 23). People with schizophrenia describe strange of unrealistic thoughts. Their speech is sometimes hard to follow because of disordered thinking. Phrases seem disconnected, and ideas move from topic to topic with no logical pattern in what is being said. In some cases, individuals with schizophrenia say that they have no idea at all or that their heads seem “empty”. Many schizophrenic patients think they possess extraordinary powers such as x-ray vision or super strength. They may believe that their thoughts are being controlled by others or that everyone knows what they are thinking. These beliefs ar...
The technical term for schizophrenia serious mental illness that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions and relate to others. A symptom of schizophrenia can be hallucinations. According to Mayo Clinic “These usually involve seeing or hearing things that don't exist. Yet for the person with schizophrenia, they have the full force and impact of a normal experience. Hallucinations can be in any of the senses, but hearing voices is the most common hallucination.” Also a symptom can be “Suspiciousness and a general fear of others’ intentions.”(Cagliostro) Also a symptom can be “Withdrawing from family or friends.”(Cagliostro)
It has been stated that schizophrenia plays a very large role pertaining to who a person is and how that person’s actions are interpreted by the culture they live in. To contain the context of what schizophrenia is, the textbook definition reports it as a “severe disorder of thought and emotion associated with a loss of contact with reality” (Lilinfeld 479). The author of this textbook has put in the time and done the research to discover the most socially accepted and understood definition that could be possible. This definition in itself is almost overwhelming to consider that this is a disorder that currently has lifetime affects. Thought and emotional aspects come into play by realizing that any deviation from what a person normally thinks and feels will, without a doubt, affect how their thoughts and emotions change. By changing thoughts and emotions, actions will inevitably be affected in how they are carried out. This is where the culturally accepted portion becomes an issue because anything that is away from the normal action will have attention drawn to...
Some of the most common symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions that a major catastrophe is about to occur and hallucinations, seeing or hearing something that does not exist. These traits were repeatedly shown in the novel and aid the reader
Mental health complications are common personal traits in human beings. However, there are those that are implausibly real, though they are quite rare to find. Such unusual features include voices, visions, and multiple personalities. According to psychiatrists who will be mentioned in this paper, these psychological disorders are caused by high levels of stress or traumatic situations that happen in the victims ' lives. Voices and visions are sometimes normal dissociations that fade away quickly without the need to see a mental specialist. Nevertheless, those who acquire prolonged dissociations are said to have mental disorders, which make the victim 's life quite a struggle. Although mental health aberrations are not easy to encounter, numerous
Although imagery and symbolism does little to help prepare an expected ending in “The Flowers” by Alice Walker, setting is the singular element that clearly reasons out an ending that correlates with the predominant theme of how innocence disappears as a result of facing a grim realism from the cruel world. Despite the joyous atmosphere of an apparently beautiful world of abundant corn and cotton, death and hatred lies on in the woods just beyond the sharecropper cabin. Myop’s flowers are laid down as she blooms into maturity in the face of her fallen kinsman, and the life of summer dies along with her innocence. Grim realism has never been so cruel to the innocent children.
Schizophrenia is a complex and chronic mental disorder in which the illness prevents individuals from living a full and cohesive quality of life. The debilitating cognitive disorder affects how a patient thinks, feels and acts, where they can have difficulty in determining reality from fiction. The disorder is a long-term and acute illness that is undoubtedly disabling for each individual. Schizophrenic symptoms usually arise in males at an earlier age than females. Psychotic symptoms are a common occurrence for patients, in the form of hallucinations and delusions. Schizophrenia is a severe disturbance in an individual’s cognition. Its psychotic symptoms differs in each person, where they may see or hear things others do not,
I Never Promised You a Rose Garden, by Joanne Greenberg, is a description of a sixteen-year-old girl's battle with schizophrenia, which lasts for three years. It is a semi-autobiographical account of the author’s experiences in a mental hospital during her own bout with the illness. This novel is written to help fight the stigmatisms and prejudices held against mental illness.