Comparative Analysis of Berniece and Boy Willie

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The Piano Lesson written by August Wilson is a work that struggles to suggest how best African Americans can handle their heritage and how they can best put their history to use. This problem is important to the development of theme throughout the work and is fueled by the two key players of the drama: Berniece and Boy Willie. These siblings, who begin with opposing views on what to do with a precious family heirloom, although both protagonists in the drama, serve akin to foils of one another. Their similarities and differences help the audience to understand each individual more fully and to comprehend the theme that one must find balance between deserting and preserving the past in order to pursue the future, that both too greatly honoring or too greatly guarding the past can ruin opportunities in the present and the future.
Because this theme is so prevalent in the work and because The Piano Lesson is a short drama, the most important point of comparison between Berniece and Boy Willie is how they manage their family history. The central conflict of the story is between these two characters who are at war over use of their family legacy. In this drama, family legacy takes the shape of a large piano with expertly carved scenes of the siblings’ family history. Their great-grandfather had etched the scenes into the wood while in the home of his former master and the family had sacrificed much to attain the instrument after their emancipation. This symbol is invaluable to the plot because it symbolizes not only their family, but the family sacrifice, freedom, and legacy. Both Berniece and Boy Willie understand the symbolism of the piano, but where Berniece wants to keep the piano untouched and perfectly preserved, thus preservi...

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...ce and although they seem similar at the beginning of the drama, they are actually very similar beings by the end.
Comparison of the two shows that both overcome struggles to accept the idea that family history needs to be preserved, shared, enjoyed, and made use of to obtain the most promising future, free from the ghosts of the past. Each character has a steadfast will––a will that Berniece and Boy Willie both demonstrate through their conflict with one another––as well as a level head and a loving heart, which is shown through their conclusion to keep the piano so long as it is being used how it was intended. Failure to let go of the past is just as detrimental to the future as failure to make use of it properly; as with Berniece and Boy Willie, a balance between the two forces is necessary to attain the most productive future and leave the most lasting legacy.

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