What is poetry? Poetry is like a window. In the day, it offers you a connection to the outside world; in the night, a reflection of yourself.
Good morning, members of the Australia Council for the Arts. I am Cindy Ding, your guest speaker. Today, we will be exploring the breadth and depth and breadth of Australian poetry by delving into its role in celebrating and criticising the Australian bush. For centuries, Australian poets have drawn inspiration from our unique bush. The symbol of the bush has grown as Australian nationalism and search for identity have encouraged poets to interpret their woodlands through their art. Two such examples are Henry Kendall’s “Bell Birds” and Henry Lawson’s “Up the Country”. Through poetic devices, both poems
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Kendall, fuelled by nostalgia, celebrates Australians as, like their bush, harmonious, resourceful and interdependent. resourceful and friendly – capable of interdependence. On the other hand, Lawson’s childhood on the harsh goldfields has led him to see the bush and by implication Australia herself as stoic, modest and independent. modest, enduring and independent.
Regardless of whether Kendall or Lawson’s perspective resonates with you the most, their contrasting beliefs reflect a bipolar Australian identity. Just these two poems can induce us to question: is there really an elusive quality, the ‘national identity’, which connects us all as Australians? Personally, I think not. Rather, Australians may be a combination of Kendall and Lawson’s perceptions: harmonious and stoic, resourceful and modest, interdependent and independent. Amid the multitudes of ethnic, cultural, class, religious and ideological backgrounds, the definition of our nation may be as varied as our imagination.
Hence, Australian poetry can provide valuable insights into our society’s varying perspectives: it offers us an understanding of each other and ourselves. Australian poetry opens the window to our
The notions of the Australian voice as multifaceted and diverse, is insightfully expressed in Tim Winton's short story anthology The turning and the Drover's wife by Henry Lawson. Australian voice in literature often explores the quality inherent to the Australian identity of overcoming hardships. The stories Fog, On her knees, and The Drover's wife explore these hardships through the notions of mateship,and the importance of family in facing these challenges.
Without the use of stereotypical behaviours or even language is known universally, the naming of certain places in, but not really known to, Australia in ‘Drifters’ and ‘Reverie of a Swimmer’ convoluted with the overall message of the poems. The story of ‘Drifters’ looks at a family that moves around so much, that they feel as though they don’t belong. By utilising metaphors of planting in a ‘“vegetable-patch”, Dawe is referring to the family making roots, or settling down somewhere, which the audience assumes doesn’t occur, as the “green tomatoes are picked by off the vine”. The idea of feeling secure and settling down can be applied to any country and isn’t a stereotypical Australian behaviour - unless it is, in fact, referring to the continental
Growing up, Bennett was surrounded by confronting images of Indigenous Australians causing harm or acting violent towards people, therefore, this is how Gordon Bennett viewed and was taught to believe that this is what Aboriginals were like. Bennett was not told about his mixed heritage until his teenage years, finding out that he was half Anglo-Celtic and half Aboriginal. Gordon Bennett’s artwork ‘Self-portrait (but I always wanted to be one of the good guys) (1990) questions the stereotypes that white Australians give to the rightful owners of Australia. Bennett’s artwork confronts the racism and discrimination suffered by Indigenous Australians by translating Colin McCahon’s work ‘Victory over Death’ (1970). Bennett uses the phrase “I AM” which is accompanied by the phrase, ‘I am light, I am dark’ this phrase means that Bennett has not taken a “side” to the argument and is proud of his mixed heritage. The use of white and black show the segregation that these stereotypes create, with white being the more dominant colour it shows how many people are “against” the Indigenous Australians. Through the visual features and the context of identity it is shown that Bennett has successfully appropriated the work of
In Reading Tim Wintons hopeful saga, Cloudstreet, you are immersed in Australia; it is an important story in showing the change in values that urbanisation brought to Perth in the late 1950’s such as confidence and pride. But it was also a very anxious and fearful time period in terms of the Nedlands Monster and his impact in changing the current comfortable, breezy system Perth lived in. The role of women changed significantly with more women adopting more ambitious ideologies and engaging in the workforce something never seen before. But most of all it was important because it changed Australia’s priorities as a nation, it shaped the identity of individuals that we now see today, and it created a very unique Australian identity.
One of the many factors that have contributed to the success of Australian poetry both locally and internationally is the insightful commentary or depiction of issues uniquely Australian or strongly applicable to Australia. Many Australian poets have been and are fascinated by the issues relevant to Australia. Many in fact nearly all of these poets have been influenced or have experienced the subject matter they are discussing. These poets range from Oodgeroo Noonuccal Aboriginal and women’s rights activist to Banjo Patterson describing life in the bush. Bruce Dawe is also one of these poets. His insightful representation of the dreary, depressing life of many stay at home mothers in “Up the Wall” is a brilliant example of a poem strongly relevant to Australia.
Australia is a very unique place, along with our multiculturalism there is also a strong heritage surrounding us. At first thought of Australian heritage we think about such landmarks as Uluru, The Sydney harbour bridge and The Sydney opera house, The Great Barrier reef and other internationally recognised places. But our heritage goes much deeper than that; it is far more than outstanding icons. Along with these icons there are also unsung places like the old cattle stations, Aboriginal missions, migrant hostels, War memorials, our unique wetlands and the towns and cities we have built. Adding all of these things together, helps to tell the story of who we are and how we have shaped this land in the unique identity it has today.
...at these several events in our nation’s history have demoralised our reputation to other countries globally. To make us known as a better country to other nations, we’ve completely abolished the White Australia Policy, gave back the aborigines their freedoms and we were also the first country in the world to give women rights. Australia today in present day is now one of the most multicultural societies on Earth, and we definitely follow our values of mateship, acceptance and freedom.
In today’s modern view, poetry has become more than just paragraphs that rhyme at the end of each sentence. If the reader has an open mind and the ability to read in between the lines, they discover more than they have bargained for. Some poems might have stories of suffering or abuse, while others contain happy times and great joy. Regardless of what the poems contains, all poems display an expression. That very moment when the writer begins his mental journey with that pen and paper is where all feelings are let out. As poetry is continues to be written, the reader begins to see patterns within each poem. On the other hand, poems have nothing at all in common with one another. A good example of this is in two poems by a famous writer by the name of Langston Hughes. A well-known writer that still gets credit today for pomes like “ Theme for English B” and “Let American be American Again.”
Through numerous poetic techniques Paterson has shown that the Australian diversity is as diverse as the country itself. The Australian identity concerns the way Australia is viewed by other people. There are a variety of different aspects that contribute to this identity of Australia which include historical icons. Paterson recognizes how lucky we are to live on a land notorious for its diverse landscape. He is signaling that we are missing out and we need to cherish the great land we were given.
...derstand what they are and are going through. If the reader belongs to another minority or is a new emigrant to Australia will identify itself with the anger and frustration other readers might feel guilty just because they thing they belong to a privileged group. I felt the injustice of inequality that emerges form this poem collection and the uselessness. There were no suggestions how repair what was done . The author shows in the poem that the hurt and anger are part of the aboriginal identity.
This poem expresses Mackellar’s deep passion and love for “her” country without touching on racial issues, rights or custodianship of the land. Australian born and resisting the identification of her British heritage, Mackellar patriotically declares Australia her own by rejecting the beauty of the British landscape through contrasting it with the romantic ideal of her "sunburnt" country. Mackellar presents to the readers the values and attitudes of a newly federated white Australia with her romanticisation of the Australian landscape.
These lines exemplify Keating’s constant reference to the non-indigenous group as ‘we’ and ‘us’, this coupled with the accusatory tone present throughout this section of the text ensures that the blame is being put on the white Australian’s of the population. The word choice and tone in ...
According to Webster's Dictionary, poetry is defined as "writing that formulates a concentrated imaginative awareness of experience in language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional response through meaning, sound, and rhythm." While this is the technical definition of poetry many writers attempted to further describe what poetry is. There are many contradicting views and no one can agree what is the essence of poetry. Some poets think that poetry is the expression of emotions and rules do not matter, while other poets suggest the poetry is all about the rules and the rhythm that must be followed. The perfect mix to define poetry is somewhere in between.
Australia, the world's sixth-largest country by total area, used to be a very judgmental, unfair and narrow-minded country. It was in 1901 where the fruition of the white Australia policy came and the British took over Australia and it became a British colony. This British colony used to have a very big problem with social justice and human rights. They only wanted the white, beautiful and fit young people, and they exterminated the aboriginals of Australia. It was not easy as an aboriginal to live in Australia at this time, which I want to show by referring to the story “One of My Best Friends”, written by Peter Goldsworthy. I want to describe how the text indicates that Australia used to have prejudices against abos.
This is an incredible paragraph extracted from Bora Ring. This poem depicts perfectly of the European invasion of Australia. It shows how the traditions and stories are gone, how the hunting and rituals are gone and ‘lost in an alien tale’, the Europeans being the aliens. This poem also describes that it seemed as if the tradition of Aborigines was ‘breathed sleeping and forgot’. These are powerful words Judith Wright used to show how they Aborigines were quickly invaded and ‘forgotten’. This poem is an excellent example of why Australian students should study her poetry.