Analysis of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol

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Analysis of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol Charles Dickens, one of the greatest novelists in the English language, was born in 1812 into a middle-class family of precarious economic status. His father was a clerk in the Navy Pay Office at the time of Dickens's birth; by the time Charles was ten, however, his father was in debtor's prison, a victim of bad luck, mismanagement, and irresponsibility. In order to help support the family during this time of crisis, young Dickens went to work in the packing department of a factory that manufactured blacking--a compound of charcoal, soot, sugar, oil, and fat used to polish boots. This was a period of dirty and draining labor which one critic has described as an experience of "heartrending monotony and ignominy." Throughout his life Dickens would remember the harshness of the working conditions imposed on himself and the other boys in that blacking factory, and would direct much of his energy as a writer and moralist toward the reform of such oppressive conditions. He would also always resent the humiliation and pain caused by his father's imprisonment, despising both the folly of his parent and the cruelty of the legal system that punished it so harshly. Thus, Dickens's outlook on life was shaped by an intimate awareness of poverty, filth, social humiliation, legal oppression, adult irresponsibility, and industrial squalor. It was also shaped by a powerful sympathy for the victims of these forces. Following the dire experiences of his childhood, Dickens moved on to more rewarding forms of employment, becoming a clerk in a law office, a newspaper reporter, and a recorder of Parliamentary debates. Eventually he began to publish sketches and stories, a... ... middle of paper ... ...economic thinkers of Dickens's day, did nothing that was not ultimately motivated by material self-interest. Scrooge is the reduction ad absurdum of that concept. In Scrooge, Dickens suggests, we have the paradigm of pure capitalist acquisitiveness, and in creating such a frightful figure, Dickens also presents a criticism of the system. Thus, the story is also an exploration of the influence of social and economic structures and institutions on human morality. In the character of Scrooge, Dickens shows us how such systems can pervert the people who invent and operate them. And as we consider the criticism of unrestrained capitalism in A Christmas Carol, we ought to remember that Dickens's story belongs to the same era as another work on that subject, The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx, written in 1848, five years after Scrooge embraced Christmas.

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