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Literary criticism of Passing by Nella Larsen
Literary criticism of Passing by Nella Larsen
Passing by nella larsen summary
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In the second section of Nella Larsen’s Passing, the reader sees Irene’s discontent for Clare grow stronger by the more time she spends with Clare. Throughout the first section of the novel, Irene wants to separate herself from Clare, but she keeps getting pulled back in by her charm. Throughout the second section, the same thing is happening, but it happens much more rapidly and Irene grows more passionate about removing Clare from her life more than in the first second. The ambiguity of the novel increases during the second half considering a potential affair between Clare and Brian, Clare’s involvement in the Redfield’s lives and Harlem community, and Clare’s death. It is up to interpretation whether Clare and Brian had an affair based on the ambiguity of the text, but the text is fairly clear in insisting that Irene felt that Clare and Brian could be having an affair. Irene notices the changes in her husband, especially, his attitude towards her and his sons. Irene mentions how it is the first time she has not been able to understand Brian’s expressions and what caused them, this leads Irene to assume there is an affair. The affair is ambiguous itself because it is not clearly stated, but Larsen hints at it, especially considering Clare’s daring and flirtatious nature. …show more content…
I think it is possible that Clare was wanting to take Irene’s position in Brian’s life, it appears as if she has more attachment and relationship to Junior and Ted more so than her own daughter, Margery. It is all up to interpretation, but Clare seemed to enjoy spending a lot of time with Irene’s son and husband and consistently persisted to get back in Irene’s life despite the numerous attempts Irene made at cutting her
have realized that Edna, because of her different upbringings, would not know how to deal with Robert's actions. In one way or another he was the one that helped start their feeling towards each other.
Throughout the play Bennett reviles Doris’ character by showing her affection to the past, she talks to old photographs of her dead husband, Wilfred, and talks aloud to him. This indicates Doris’ apparent loneliness and how she feels “left behind” by the rest of her generation. When talking about the people she new in the past like Wilfred, she takes on there voice, this shows how she...
The irony in Robert’s desire to make Edna his wife is that Robert left to be way from Edna because she was married to Mr. Pontiellier, but now Robert is back with even deeper emotions for her. For example, Robert states, “There in Mexico I was thinking of you”, which leads to the conclusion that Robert does demonstrate deep feelings for Edna and her hand in marriage.
Her transformation and journey to self-discovery truly begins on the family’s annual summer stay at Grand Isle. “At a very early period she had apprehended instinctively the dual life- that outward existence which conforms, the inward life which questions. That summer at Grand Isle she began to loosen a little of the mantle of reserve that had always enveloped her” (Chopin 26). From that point onward, Edna gains a deeper sense of desire for self-awareness and the benefits that come from such an odyssey. She suddenly feels trapped in her marriage, without being in a passionately romantic relationship, but rather a contractual marriage. Edna questions her ongoing relationship with Leonce; she ponders what the underlying cause of her marriage was to begin with; a forbidden romance, an act of rebellion against her father, or a genuine attraction of love and not lust? While Edna internally questions, she begins to entertain thoughts of other men in her life, eventually leading to sensuous feelings and thoughts related to sexual fantasy imagined through a relationship with Robert Lebrun. Concurrently, Edna wavers the ideas so clearly expected by the society- she analyzes and examines; why must women assimilate to rigid societal standards while men have no such
Irene’s desire for Clare is revealed throughout the book, especially in the beginning when she is at the Drayton Hotel. She sees “an attractive-looking young woman…with those dark, almost black, eyes and that wide mouth like a scarlet flower against the ivory of her skin.” (p. 14) She is taken aback by Clare’s beauty, not fully understanding why she is so infatuated with the woman. Irene can’t help but obsess over her beauty, “the eyes that were magnificent! Dark, sometimes absolutely black, always luminous, and set in long, black lashes. Arresting eyes, slow and mesmeric, and with, for all their warmth, something withdrawn and secret about them.” (p. 29) However much Irene is attracted to Clare, she is somewhat disgusted by her confidence. She sees Clare’s “odd sort of smile…a shade too provocative for a waiter.” (p. 15) Irene, being more restrained in her sexuality, is somewhat of a hypocrite in this sense. She desires Clare in a physical way, yet hates her for her ability to use her beauty so well. This show...
Clare longs to be part of the black community again and throughout the book tries to integrate herself back into it while remaining part of white society. Although her mother is black, Clare has managed to pass as a white woman and gain the privileges that being a person of white skin color attains in her society. However whenever Clare is amongst black people, she has a sense of freedom she does not feel when within the white community. She feels a sense of community with them and feels integrated rather than isolated. When Clare visits Irene she mentions, “For I am lonely, so lonely… cannot help to be with you again, as I have never longed for anything before; you can’t know how in this pale life of mine I am all the time seeing the bright pictures of that other that I o...
Louise, the unfortunate spouse of Brently Mallard dies of a supposed “heart disease.” Upon the doctor’s diagnosis, it is the death of a “joy that kills.” This is a paradox of happiness resulting into a dreadful ending. Nevertheless, in reality it is actually the other way around. Of which, is the irony of Louise dying due to her suffering from a massive amount of depression knowing her husband is not dead, but alive. This is the prime example to show how women are unfairly treated. If it is logical enough for a wife to be this jovial about her husband’s mournful state of life then she must be in a marriage of never-ending nightmares. This shows how terribly the wife is being exploited due her gender in the relationship. As a result of a female being treated or perceived in such a manner, she will often times lose herself like the “girl
In the novel, during many instances, intricate intimacies are illustrated. “No multitude of words could have been more significant than those moments of silences, or more pregnant with the first-felt throbbings of desire.” (30) Robert, in pursuit of Edna unlocks her sexual awakening alongside his social awakening. Robert becomes aware that he must step out of the boundaries and evolve as a man. Yet Robert still stumbles in his path. He and Edna have a common bond. They both attempt to defy the norms of society. Robert respects Edna’s yearning for individualism and only seeks to accompany her on that journey by form of marriage. However, he struggles to fight what societal ordainment. He lacks the key to break societies chains. He can’t simply let go of the expectation of marriage within this era. On the contrary his relationship with Edna gives him an optimistic view on his love life. “His search has always hitherto been fruitless, and he has sunk back, disheartened, into the sea. But to-night he found Mrs. Pontelllier.” (29) His passion for Edna, conveys his innocent hope for repressive love between himself and Edna. He and Edna
Tragic mulatto characters such as Clare transport unforeseen horrors when they make the selfish decision to reinsert themselves back into the world they so desperately desired to flee. Larsen makes this point clear through the diction she uses when describing the self-esteem destruction Irene undergoes once Clare has reinserted herself into Irene's life, and the situations Irene finds herself as a direct result of Clare. Prior to Clare’s reentrance into her life Irene is a self-assured, independent, and confident woman; however, she soon turns self-conscious, dependent, and hesitant. Upon viewing Clare at the hotel Irene is struck by Clare’s ...
He had Made her put her hair up, hid it from one’s eyes, told her what she can or can’t say and had gotten violent with her , she was not in a healthy relationship whatsoever . In “The Awakening” Edna’s husband reminds her of her duties as a women like taking care of the kids, cleaning and cooking. These were the basic principles, the fundamentals of a women back in the day and they would constantly be reminded of this conception. Coincidentally Janie and Edna both had 3 male figures in their life that opened doors to the understanding of the world and one self. Men will always create a whirlpool of love and suffering. With Edna her husband, Mr. Pontiellier was for security , Robert was love however he was just playing with her head which caused suffering for her and Leonce was lust but it was nothing more than that, She experienced a lot of memorable moments with these other guys behind her husband’s back contrary to Janie she would stick to one man and wouldn’t go behind their back. She genuinely wanted to know how it felt to love someone. With Logan it was forced so from the beginning it was bad news, with Jodie she had hope with him but his ego took ahold of him that which inevitably crashed everything and Tea Cakes was where she got her wish.
Edna and Robert are at the beach enjoying each others company at first. They quickly return to the cottage where Leonce is and he talks to them. They have had a good time down by the water and Leonce, being the proper business like man that he is does not understand why Robert would rather spend his time chatting with his wife than attending to other things. It is obvious to the reader that Edna and Robert have a connection and are amused with what the other has to say. Leonce shrugs this off as nothing and leaves for the hotel where many of the men chat and drink in the evenings. Edna and Robert talk some more and eventually part. These are the first signs of something special between them.
Her family life is depicted with contradictions of order and chaos, love and animosity, conventionality and avant-garde. Although the underlying story of her father’s dark secret was troubling, it lends itself to a better understanding of the family dynamics and what was normal for her family. The author doesn’t seem to suggest that her father’s behavior was acceptable or even tolerable. However, the ending of this excerpt leaves the reader with an undeniable sense that the author felt a connection to her father even if it wasn’t one that was desirable. This is best understood with her reaction to his suicide when she states, “But his absence resonated retroactively, echoing back through all the time I knew him. Maybe it was the converse of the way amputees feel pain in a missing limb.” (pg. 399)
The vision of the ideal marital partner, for both Dorothea and Lydgate, is oddly chanced. Strangely, Dorothea seeks an intellectually dominant partner who will guide her to her higher purpose in life, while Lydgate seeks a submissive woman who will share in his struggles and assist him with achieving his ambitious goals. It appears to the reader that in many ways it seems like they were looking for each other—for the commonality in their both ideals is the desire for a partner with whom they can share their higher goals, however, both marry someone quite different from this vision. In the beginning chapters, Dorothea is described as looking for a union “that would deliver her from her girlish subjection to her own ignorance, and give her the freedom of voluntary submission to a guide who would take her along the greatest path” (27). Here, Dorothea’s sel...
Upon seeing her husband alive and well Louise realizes that the life she has imagined is not to be. The return of Brently signals a return of the patriarchal oppression in her life, and after imagining herself as an individual and then to be denied the chance to live freely is a punishment far worse than the crime. Louise loses her identity and once again becomes "his wife." Richards once more tries to protect her, a helpless woman, by attempting to block her view from her husband, because of the fragile state of her heart. Mrs. Mallard's strengths are gone, never to be acknowledged by the men in her life. For one, brief hour she was an individual. Now she finds herself bound by masculine oppression with no end in sight, and the result is death.
The story begins with the passage; “Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband's death.” The conflict of the story begins here. Mrs. Mallard must be informed of her husband’s death, but there is worry about the condition of her heart and how she will react to the news. The next passage, “It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences; veiled hints that revealed in half concealing,” explains how this initial conflict was resolved. Two people, both close to Mrs. Mallard and Brentley Mallard, came to inform Louise of the bad news. The information was released to her in broken sentences as hints. This means that they did not walk in and tell Mrs. Mallard her husband had died. They used great care to walk around the subject, to lead Mrs. Mallard to her own conclusion that her husband was now dead. (Chopin)