Capacity of parties to contract For a contract to be valid, all parties to a contract must have the capacity to enter a contract. Capacity is referred to as the legal ability of going through into a contract and having the law which usually makes an assumption that everyone has the capacity to contract except a specific categories of peoples. The general statute of contract is that any person has the capacity to make a contract but exceptions exist in relation to mental patients, drunkards, corporations and minors. A minor may enter into a contract. The other party to this agreement, however, takes a risk that the minor may not fulfil the contract where it is for non-essential goods or for money, i.e., the contract is voidable at the option of the minor. Capacity may also refer to the authority of a legal person, in particular a company, to enter into contracts. A company’s capacity to contract is determined by its Memorandum of Association and its Articles of Association. A company may, but is not required to, state its objects in its Memorandum of Association. If the objects are stated, the company’s power is limited by its objects. If the company enters into a contract which is outside its stated objects and if the other party has actual knowledge of the circumstances, the contract is invalid. Certainty of meanings The terms of a contract should be clear that is the contract must not be vague. Contracts which are vague cannot be enforced. For an enforceable contract to exist, the terms have to be certain. Therefore the parties to a transaction should seek to ensure that they are clear and do not suffer from vagueness in their intentions and they have expressed themselves in clear terms. If the agreement is ambiguous, they ma... ... middle of paper ... ...o base an action on his own improper or illegal conduct. In general the courts endorse the second proposition and prevent a party who has acted illegally from suing under the contract, even though this results in an unfair benefit to the other party. Conclusion Therefore it is important to have these elements mentioned above in a contract. It is oily if there are all the main elements present in a contract, then it would be legally valid to make a contract. People should take precaution in making a contract to make sure that the parties are in agreement with the terms in the contract. Valid contracts bind parties to the performance of the promises they have made in the contract. Each party must therefore provide to the other the benefits that has been bargained for in the contract, and one party cannot unilaterally terminate or modify his contractual obligations.
Whether oral or written, the contract must manifest a mutual intent to be bound expressed in a manner capable of being understood, and include a definite offer, unconditional acceptance and consideration.” (Express Contract 2016) The above definition is a much clearer explanation with key elements outlined; 1. mutual intent, 2, expressed in a manner capable of being understood, 3. definite offer, 4. unconditional acceptance and 5. Consideration.
The four elements of a contract are the agreement, the consideration, contractual capacity, and a legal object. The oral agreement between Sam and the chain store satisfies the agreement element of a contract definition because when the chain store offered to sell Sam 's invention at their stores, Sam accepted by agreeing to ship 1000 units in exchange. The second element of a contract, the “consideration of each party,” is satisfied because Sam and the chain store have something to give the other (1000 units of the invention in exchange for the exclusive sales of the product at their stores). The third element is “contractual capacity,” which may or may not be fulfilled since we do not know Sam 's age or whether
A contract was also formed between both parties when Margaret accepted the offer. In order for a contract to be enforceable, both participants need to have the capacity to enter into a contract. The parties must not be minors, mentally incapable individuals and intoxicated at the time of forming the contract. Margaret and Frank were presumably mentally competent adults,
The article suggests that mutual intention should replace objective presumptions of intention to provide sufficient evidence for contract formations and argues that the Australian court system has a long way to go. It further investigates the different court hierarchies and examines the impact to them through different case law. The central argument presents that evidence of intention should be of utmost importance and considered in every case, negating a flat objective
For example, "A promises B that he would not enforce his legal rights and B acted and relied on it without giving any consideration, equity would not allow A to renege on his promise to B" (LawTeacher, n.d.).
(Insert Citation p 305). Consideration refers to the attained good or service agreed upon by each party under a contract. Contractual Capacity is the legal ability to enter into a binding agreement. Some factors that affect contractual capacity are: age, mental health and agreements under alcohol intoxication. Last but not least is the legal object, which means that for a contract to be enforceable it must be of legal intent and comply with public policy. If all of these factors are present in a contract, we can conclude that a binding contractual agreement exists and it is enforceable by law.
1.1 Explain at least four points of differentiations between contract and agreement with the help of examples.
When it comes to contracts, there are certain elements or requirements, which need to be met in order for the contract to be valid. Defined, a contract is “an agreement that can be enforced in a court; formed by two or more parties who agree to perform or refrain from performing some act now or in the future” (Hollowell & Miller, 2014, p. 110). With contract law, there is the enforcement of promises made between two parties, even if made in private. Additionally if a promise is made, there is the possibility of the obligation falling into a moral liability rather than a legal liability. All in all, when it comes to business agreements, contract laws will apply to avoid any possible problems that may arise.
A contract is an agreement, either oral, in writing or inferred by conduct, between two or more persons (the offeror and offeree or promisor and promisee) which is usually intended to be legally binding. A contract concerns 3 main issues, firstly, is there a contract? Secondly, is the agreement one in which the law recognises? Thirdly, when do obligations under contract come to an end and what remedies are there if a contract is broken? (Jones,2015). The question at hand surrounds Sam, who had been offered the opportunity to earn some money for university by helping Jo. But when Sam leaves for university, Jo refuses to pay any money. The following discusses whether Sam has a contract and whether he is entitled to be paid.
The English contract Offer and Acceptance General principles There are three basic essentials to the creation of a contract which will be recognised and enforced by the courts. These are: contractual intention, agreement and consideration. The Definition of an Offer. This is an expression of willingness to contract made with the intention (actual or apparent) that it shall become binding on the offeror as soon as the person to whom it is addressed accepts it. An offer can be made to one person or a group of persons, or to the world at large.
The basic law of a contract is an agreement between two parties or more, to deliver a service or a product. And reach a consensus about the terms and conditions that is enforced by law and a contract can be only valid if it is lawful other than that there can’t be a contract. For a contract to exist the parties must have serious intentions, agreement, contractual capacity meaning a party must be able to carry a responsibility, lawful, possibility of performance and formalities. Any duress, false statements, undue influence or unconscionable dealings could make a contract unlawful and voidable.
A contract is an agreement between two parties in which one party agrees to perform some actions in return of some consideration. These promises are legally binding. The contract can be for exchange of goods, services, property and so on. A contract can be oral as well as written and also it can be part oral and part written but it is useful to have written contract otherwise issues can be created in future. But both the written as well as oral contract is legally enforceable. Also if there is a breach of contract, there are certain remedies for that which are discussed later in the assignment. There are certain elements which need to be present in a contract. These elements are discussed in the detail in the assignment. (Clarke,
One of the last remaining strongholds of classical contract law is the notion that contracts require offer and acceptance therefore, in order for a contract to become binding, offer, acceptance, consideration and intention to create legal relations must exist. However contracts are formed in different ways for each different circumstance. (Shawn Bayern, Offer and Acceptance in Modern Contract Law: A Needles Concept, 103 Cal. L. Rev. 67, 102 (2015)
A valid contract is an agreement including promises made between two or more parties with an intention of certain legal rights and legal responsibility that are enforceable. For there to be a contract – that must contain four essential elements- offer, acceptance, intention to create legal relations and consideration.
Agreement is a mutual understanding of two parties and willing to accept terms and conditions in order to form a legal contract (Penthony et al.2014). Agreement consists of two components; offer and acceptance. Offer is made by an offeror in an exchange for performance from another party on certain terms while acceptance is the action of accepting to the terms of the offer. An offer must follow the requirement in order to form