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Effects of air pollutants on climate change essay
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By the reading of it, Volkswagen management expressed what seemed like genuine shock when the EPA and California’s Air Resources Board revealed their joint findings regarding the automaker’s manipulation of US emissions testing for diesel cars outfitted with a particular 2.0-liter, four-cylinder engine.
Last Sunday, the company’s then CEO, Martin Winterkorn, issued a brief statement declaring that the Board of Management at Volkswagen AG “takes these findings very seriously.” The findings revealed that the automaker used “defeat devices” to fool emissions testing, effectively concealing the reality that certain cars spew emissions some 10 to 40 times the legal limit.
Approximately 482,000 US cars are equipped with the affected engines
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Further, Volkswagen has set aside approximately US$ 7.5 billion to handle repairs and related claims.
Class action lawsuits on behalf of consumers will likely follow to help owners recoup the “diminished value” of their vehicles. When a fix is announced, it is expected that the cars will lose performance and suffer a corresponding decline in fuel economy.
Volkswagen executives are on the hot seat with some facing dismissal, including Volkswagen of America CEO Michael Horn. However, US Volkswagen dealers are opposed to the ouster as he has been credited with representing their interests before upper management at Volkswagen’s headquarters in Wolfsburg, Germany.
Horn, a 25-year Volkswagen company representative, assumed his current position in January 2014, just months after the CAFEE study was shared and a mere three months before the CARB-initiated recall. Although dealers laud Horn for his representation in Wolfsburg, what has yet to be revealed is whether he shared the emissions findings with senior management in Germany, including the now-deposed
Increasing environmental awareness, coupled with a responsible American government and improved technology, have all contributed to the comeback of low-and zero-emissions vehicles in the US. It remains to be seen whether the automakers and oil companies will once again work to halt this progress, or embrace it as the technology of a more responsible future.
“Legal and Ethical Analysis of the Ford Pinto” For mankind communication has been a very important issue and with that transportation has also rose to prominence. Not so long ago we were aided by a new invention due to the innovation of a few workaholics and the automobile industry. Along with the Japanese rivals Ford is one of leading companies in the world and run by a family, which controls the major shares in the company. But the company’s fate and history has not been free of controversy and this case mainly deals with one of those. Late part of 60s and early part of 70s was a period in which the American industry was facing stiff competition from the Japanese companies and in order to counter that they needed to come up with compact and cheaper cars. With General Motors as the market leader Ford was the second best and was concentrating on areas let off by GM. Since there were only four major players the market was somewhat oligopolistic in nature. Ford’s model of Pinto was a smash hit in terms of price and mileage for customers and till then there was not much of a regulation because even governments did not want to temper much with a 100 billion dollar plus industry. But soon after National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environment Protection Agency (EPA) began to play their parts. Section 301 required cars to be made in such a safe manner that in case of a crash from the rear the leakage should be minimum. Although Ford had conducted enough of research but the design flaw in Pinto was that the fuel tank was near rear axle and the bladder pipe could cause leakages way beyond what was sanctioned. Plus they were also affected by external hot or cold temperatures. Calling the cars rolling on the road ...
Critical analysis of Mary Barra’s testimony to Congress General Motors Ignition Switch Recall General Motors CEO Mary Barra and David Friedman, acting manager of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, affirmed at a hearing on the automaker's start switch review. The imperfection was connected to no less than twelve passing. Ms. Barra in her opening articulation apologized to the general population, casualties, and groups of casualties, and said that she and the organization were focused on making the best choice. She likewise reported that she had propelled an inside request and that individuals would be considered responsible when the examination was finished. Among different changes, Ms. Barra said GM had contracted pay master
Nissan was the first company to introduce a 100 percent electric car that produces zero emission and they had great hopes for this vehicle (“Nissan Product Information”). According to Michael Strong, the company believed that this car would be the future of transportation and that it would soon be responsible for 10 percent of all new vehicle sales. However, after 3 years on the market, Nissan’s CEO Ghosn admitted that the Nissan Leaf is only accountable for 4...
In January 2016, Volkswagen engineer James Robert Liang pleaded guilty to fraud in the United States. He helped in the development of a special kind of engine called “clean diesel” that was used to cheat on the emission tests of the car. The engine was software engineered to detect when it was being tested for the emission and changes the engine to a low-emission mode. In practice, these Volkswagen cars could output forty times the amount of pollution recommended by the U.S. Emissions. One of the driving forces of the decision was the fact that they weren’t able to design an engine that would meet the U.S. emission standards while also satisfying its customers.
The Case about the GM Ignition recall revolves around the theme of organizational ethics, issue management, and stakeholder analysis. GM ignition had a product defect that puts many consumers in danger and this public issue created the intervention of the government, community, and consumers. The Government acts and created the NHTSA, which is a government organization that makes sure that all Car products compile with the national safety laws of having proper airbags, ignition switch, car engine, and seat belts. In business, the relationship between business and the government is always revolving, sometimes they work together, and sometimes they work in opposite direction. In this case, GM and the government works in opposite direction because
In September 2015, the Environmental Protection Agency accused Volkswagen of violating the federal Clean Air Act by cheating the emissions tests on its diesel powered vehicles. The German carmaker has since then admitted to installing "defeat devices" in their diesel-engines and has agreed to cooperate fully with the EPA as well as lawmakers and regulators.2. The software installed in Volkswagen’s diesel-engines was programmed to detect when the cars were being tested for nitrogen dioxide emission levels. The “defeat devices” were then able to switch the engines to a cleaner test mode and adjust the engine’s performance to improve and optimize test results. The EPA has ordered a recall of 482,000 Volkswagen diesel cars in the US and an estimated
Global competition in the automotive industry has responded to consumer demand for less-polluting cars in what often appears to be a dismayingly-money oriented fashion. An example of this would be the case of evading regulation by German company VW, which installed a device that appears to have “tricked” the EPA into passing cars that did not actually meet clean air act standards (Bomey, 2015). The US government reacted very negatively to this, but not before passing thousands of cars on to consumers. VW is currently embroiled in huge lawsuits while the US government and EPA has taken the opportunity to make public statements about the need to control emissions and to better regulate industry. This would be encouraging if only the US was actually responding to the global climate crisis with regulations that were realistic. It is becoming more and more easy to assume the EPA is, as many have suggested, controlled by the oil lobby and so fails to direct the need for an affordable, mass-marketed zero-emission (fossil-fuel free) automobile nor does it properly and substantially subsidize
In 2014, researchers from West Virginia found out that recent models of Volkswagen vehicles were emitting up to 40 times the allowed levels of nitrogen oxides (2). These vehicles had a special software that would determine when the vehicle was in laboratory testing conditions, and the software would then alter the vehicle 's functionality to emit the legal amount of nitrogen oxides allowed by the EPA. The software was found in around half a million vehicles in the United States. In addition to the bad publicity, the Volkswagen scandal will cost the company at least $15.3 billion dollars in compensation to the owners of the affected vehicles (3). In 2016, Volkswagen engineer James Liang pleaded guilty for being a crucial part in developing the illegal software (3). The software was created because Volkswagen was unable to meet the rigorous EPA emission standards. Therefore, a small team of engineers including James Liang decided to cheat the emission exams to allow Volkswagen vehicles to be sold in the U.S.
One step towards resolution involved Volkswagen offering about 500,000 affected vehicle owners a mix of vehicle buybacks, repairs, and compensation (Radazzo and Boston, “Volkswagen Reaches Deal With U.S. Over Diesel Emissions Scandal”). In addition to mediating with its customers, Volkswagen also intends to rectify the damage it has caused on the environment from the surplus of diesel emissions through various means, one of which being an investment in clean technologies (Radazzo and Boston, “Volkswagen Reaches Deal With U.S. Over Diesel Emissions Scandal”; Ewing, “Volkswagen Reaches Deal in U.S. Over Emissions Scandal”). The cost of fixing this scandal is expected to be billions (Radazzo and Boston, “Volkswagen Reaches Deal With U.S. Over Diesel Emissions Scandal”; Ewing, “Volkswagen Reaches Deal in U.S. Over Emissions Scandal”). However, it is necessary for Volkswagen to reconcile if the firm wishes to remain in the automobile
“The Group’s goal is to offer attractive, safe and environmentally sound vehicles which can compete in an increasingly tough market and set world standards in their respective class.” (Volkswagen’s, mission statement) Volkswagen Group is a German corporation, it manufactures: passenger cars, commercial vehicles, motorcycles and engines. Volkswagen extended its lead over Toyota in May 2016, and it has every chance to finish the year as the world’s largest automaker. (Forbes) The company owns Audi, Volkswagen, Bentley, Porsche, Lamborghini and Bugatti. Volkswagen Group used modern technology to cheat the emissions testing for its clean diesel cars for the past six years. Volkswagen programmed computers in: Audi, Volkswagen and Porsche, to detect
Volkswagen is a company that’s part of the world’s largest automaker group called the “Volkswagen Group”. Recently, it was discovered that for the past several years the company had been cheating on its emission inspections on their diesel power car. The company installed a computer software in the car that reported emissions much less than what the car actually produced. It was found that these cars emitted 40 times more nitrogen oxide pollutants in the environment than what the United States regulations allow. These levels of pollutants have the potential to cause many respiratory problems and other health concerns. This case resulted in Volkswagen agreeing to pay $15.3 billion dollars to its customers and regulations. The company’s engineer
In April 2003, with a solid reputation, low cost flexible production, and more than $134 billion in cash and assets, Toyota set its sights on becoming the largest auto manufacturer in the world. The auto industry and the environment in the U.S. had changed dramatically since Toyota hit the U.S. scene almost 50 years ago. In the 1950's there were 50 million vehicles on the roadways, this number had increased to just under 500 million (a 90% increase!) before the new millennium. Carbon dioxide emitted from the traditional combustion engines in aut...
The auto-manufacturing industry must repair its image after the Volkswagen (VW) diesel emissions scandal in 2015. Although BMW was not charged, it was implicated in the scandal (Natasha Terry-Armstrong, 2016) and fingered as one of the German auto-manufacturers that are cheating during compliance testing. BMW should learn from the financial and reputational damage that VW has experienced since the world discovered that VW deliberately deceived the world in the pursuit of profits and global growth. VW’s use of engine software, “defeat device” to cheat diesel emission tests to ensure that its vehicles were available for sale in the US and Australia demonstrated that it was willing to pursue profits at any cost. As one of the largest auto-manufacturers,
In any case, automotive manufacturers should expect to remain under regulatory scrutiny, with future emissions standards forcing the whole industry soon to adopt some form of electrified vehicle (Chen, Fu & Wang, 2013; Gao et al., 2014). The above-mentioned developments will probably create a more challenging environment for automakers, in which the industry’s plans for growth could collide with regulatory priorities (Gao et al., 2014).