potentially dangerous contaminants of many coastal waters. Total coliform bacteria are a collection of relatively harmless microorganisms that live in large numbers in the intestines of man and warm- and cold-blooded animals. They aid in the digestion of food. A specific subgroup of this collection is the fecal coliform bacteria, the most common member being Escherichia coli or E.Coli. These organisms may be separated from the total coliform group by their ability to grow at elevated temperatures and
of coliforms in a water supply can mean there is fecal contamination circulating in that water, which we tested for in this experiment. It is hypothesized that all of the water supplies will exhibit the presence of fecal coliforms, because they are all outside sources of water that have road runoff, sewage waste and animals defecating in them. We gathered several water samples and inoculated lactose broth with these water samples which tested for fermentation and helped determine if coliforms were
It also serves as a good medium for the growth of many microorganisms and bacteria. Bacterial contamination of raw milk can originate from different sources, including low quality raw milk, improper refrigeration before handling and an inadequate packaging system and the type of packaging the have been used to pack the milk (Richter
color of Tuna and it will impacts the consumer buying perception. MPN content indicated 4 MPN/g and the result from EMB agar confirmed that it does not contain fecal coliform but other enterobacteriacea. It is probably because tuna lives in pelagic habitat of the ocean which is far away from a shore. It is considered free from fecal coliform which can be microflora of river water.
health care associated or in the community. The cause of such infection also includes the following but not limited to poor hygiene, sex, instrumentation, anatomic structure, etc. [6]and Out of the several causative agents, Escherichia coli and other coliforms played as major causative agents[7,10]. Urinary tract Infections are commonly treated with sulfamethoxazole - trimethoprim and fluoroquinolones[7,10,12]. However, due to the frequency of antibiotic use, recurrent or chronic UTI and inappropriate
Foodborne Illness What is Foodborne Illness? According to a medical dictionary, foodborne illness is an acute gastrointestinal infection caused by consuming food contaminated with pathogenic, bacteria, toxins, viruses, prions or parasites. Such contamination was caused by improper food handling, preparation or storage of food. Contacts between food and pests, especially flies, cockroaches and rodents are a further cause of contamination of food. Foodborne illness can also be caused by adding pesticides
humans from contaminated water during recreation, especially swimming. For many years, waters have been tested for certain types of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) – bacteria commonly found in human and animal feces. While FIB generally do not cause human disease, FIB in the water may indicate the presence of feces and associated pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and protozoans – organisms and agents which have also been found ... ... middle of paper ... ...s in Cook County and Lake County may be
in diameter (vetbact.org). This strain of bacteria is a facultative anaerobic organism, which means that it can grow with or without oxygen. Staphylococcus epidermis grows well on nutrient agar dishes with a temperatur... ... middle of paper ... ...denced by the agar plate remaining blue-black in color. Eosin methylene blue agar (EMB) is a medium used to isolate fecal coliforms and is selective for gram-negative bacteria against gram-positive bacteria. Sucrose and lactose serve as fermentable
Garbage enzymes were produced based on the formulation of three parts of fruit peels, one part of brown sugar and ten parts of water were mixed together (The Star, 2009) and fermented in 5L plastic bottle at room temperature for three months. CHARACTERISTICS OF GARBAGE ENZYME. The progression of fermentation of the fruit discards showed a reduction of pH with times, 3.15 for GE while 3.78 for CGE. Odunfa, (1985) attributed the significant reduction of pH to acid production during fermentation. In
(GI) microflora and its distribution through the digestive system [2]. The human GI tract is inhabited by trillions of microorganisms, which together is known as the microbiota [5]. These microorganisms come from both archeal and bacterial domains. Bacteria are the predominant kingdom of organisms and it is composed mainly by five bacterial phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia [3]. The great majority of mammalian gut microbiota belongs to the three phyla:
Giardiasis is a disease of the lower digestive system caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia which is transmitted via a faecal-oral route. The infection is acquired when a person ingests a dormant cyst of the parasite, usually by drinking contaminated water. The disease affects around 200 million people worldwide and is especially prevalent in third world countries, where there are larger populations of people in areas with poorer sanitation and therefore a greater risk of the parasite being passed
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent used in the treatment of lymphoma, carcinomas and sarcomas in dogs. It is increasingly being used in ‘metronomic’ chemotherapy protocols.[1] Cyclophosphamide is a prodrug that requires oxidation in the liver to form the active metabolites which are in turn are converted to phosphoramide mustard and acrolein.[2] Phosphoramide mustard causes DNA damage and acrolein has inflammatory effects. Like many chemotherapy agents, cyclophosphamide may cause myelosuppression
Micro-organisms are microscopic (Microorganisms Definition)and can either be prokaryote or eukaryote. Most micro-organisms are unicellular, only a small percentage is multicellular. Micro-organisms encompass a large variety of organisms such as: bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea etc. (Microorganisms) The first micro-organism was observed by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek around 1673 (Antonie van Leeuwenhoek). Since then, technological advances have enables us to observe and understand micro-organisms in
a. What were your results? Name the bacteria and appearance after staining. The morphology was viewed under microscope 1000x magnification using oil immersion. The microorganism has rod shape and purple colouring at the end of the Gram stain procedure. This implies that the bacteria had only one cell layer, which absorbed the crystal violet stain. Therefore, the microorganism is gram positive, and based on the morphology, the microorganism is Bacillus cereus (Brooks et al. 2013).b. Describe two
Norman, R. Sean, et al. "Targeted photothermal lysis of the pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with gold nanorods." Nano letters 8.1 (2008): 302-306. This article discusses alternative antibiotics for antibiotic resistant bacteria. The author brings up the idea of using a nanotechnology-driven approach to fight against pseudomonas aeruginosa. This would be done by using nanoparticles to target and destroy pathogenic bacteria targeted selectively. This has been explored by using gold nanorods
Introduction In the last few years efforts has been made to better understand the pathophysiology of stroke, especially ischemic stroke that is responsible for 80 percent of the cases. It has been stablished that the immune system, and specifically the inflammatory compounds, play an important role in the development and aggravation of ischemic stroke. The different ways that an inflammatory environment can contribute to the stroke development are: alteration in the vascular reactivity or vasculitis
Full-Cornerstone Lesson Plan Approximately 3 days of instruction Brief Lesson Description: Growth and differentiation of cells in the body normally are precise and regulated. When cells grow uncontrollably, mutations can occur and cancers can form. As a mechanism of introducing the biological basis of cancer, this tasks has been developed to help students gain a conceptual understanding of how the process of mitosis not only provides a complete set of genes to each somatic cell, it can result
The Varicella-Zoster virus, is also referred to most commonly as Chickenpox, it’s a very contagious disease. (NCIRD, 2016). “Its genus is the Varicellovirus, and its species is the human Herpes virus.” (NCIRD, 2016, paragraph 1). A sign of this disease is a rash, which will cause discomfort and be very itchy. The rash will fill with fluid and turn into blisters, eventually progressing to scabs. The rash appears on the face, back, and chest, then spreads to the rest of the body. (Anonymous, 2016)
Necrotizing fasciitis or flesh-eating bacteria is seen all over the world. It is more common in third world countries and in populations where people don’t have access to healthcare and are not properly educated in wound care (Efstratiou & Lamagni, 2016). Necrotizing fasciitis gains entry into the body by entering through a small cut or wound. So any activity or job where someone can be injured or obtain a cut or a wound puts them at risk of interacting with the bacteria. This explains why in countries
Caprine arthritis encephalitis is a viral disease of goats. Caprine arthritis encephalitis, also known as CAE, is a lentivirus that is part of the retrovirus family. Another type of retrovirus is the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. CAE is normally spread orally through goats. It has been linked to being spread through semen of an infected buck. CAE is a virus that can attack the nervous system. All potential buyers need to have their animals tested before purchasing. Bringing just