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Introduction of beach pollution
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Ocean Contaminants and the Impact of El Nino
The ocean is inhabited by many and loved by all. Whether you surf the waves or use it for recreational purposes, its important to us all. There are dangers to the ocean that anyone who bathes in it should be aware of. Besides the obvious dangers of the current and the pounding waves, there are possible microscopic enemies at large. Every year the beaches are closed for a variety of reasons. Sometimes it may be for a surfing contest, or if the waves are too dangerous, but the most overlooked may be ocean contaminants. Around 20% of ocean water pollution occurs naturally. Its important for the public to aware of the contaminants that reach our waters and how they get there.
OCEAN CONTAMINANTS FROM HUMAN ACTIVITIES
Viruses in the ocean, as products of human activities, are potentially dangerous contaminants of many coastal waters. Total coliform bacteria are a collection of relatively harmless microorganisms that live in large numbers in the intestines of man and warm- and cold-blooded animals. They aid in the digestion of food. A specific subgroup of this collection is the fecal coliform bacteria, the most common member being Escherichia coli or E.Coli. These organisms may be separated from the total coliform group by their ability to grow at elevated temperatures and are associated only with the fecal material or warm-blooded animals. Fecal Coliform is the bacterium that forms in water from fece of humans and other warm-blooded animals. These types of feces can enter directly by animals, such as birds, by discharging into river. Feces also enter water by agricultural and storm run off carrying animal waste, and human sewage discharge.(www.stale.ky.us) The presence of fecal coliform bacteria in aquatic environments indicates that the water has been contaminated with the fecal material of man or other animals. Fecal coliform is not dangerous itself. Its the pathogens that may be found along with fecal coliform that is harmful. Human pathogenic viruses are not only found in the millions of gallons of variously treated human wastes dumped directly into coastal waters from sewage outfalls, but also from runoff from numberous storm drain sewers. Fecal coliform measures are important because they can help determine the probability of contracting a disease from the water. So, the more fecal coliform, the higher the probability of a disease causing bacteria being found in the water.
El Nino is both an atmospheric and oceanic phenomenon affecting weather patterns all around the world. It is complemented by La Nina in a cycle that occurs approximately every 4 years, varying as much as every two years to every six years (Wang 1999, 3331). La Nina has almost the opposite effect, however differs in its strength and duration randomly, as does El Nino (Fedorov 2000, 1998). The cycle is often paraphrased as ENSO, standing for El Nino-Southern Oscillation (Flugel 1997, 3230). It is called this because the El Nino phenomenon is especially strong in the Southern Hemisphere, and has greater effects in areas of the pacific near the equator. Although ENSO is prominent in certain areas, it alters weather patterns all around the world. The El Nino pattern can be quite random with and approximate range of 2 to 6 years per cycle, and is a loaded gun believed to be triggered by western winds (Fedorov 2000, 1997). Many scientists are now looking to the past for answers, so the El Nino cycle can be predicted for the years to come. New discoveries have recently been made on El Nino's history, and possible future.
There is prevalent norovirus contamination in rivers in seas. These outbreaks (called waterborne), can al...
The presence of coliforms in a water supply can mean there is fecal contamination circulating in that water, which we tested for in this experiment. It is hypothesized that all of the water supplies will exhibit the presence of fecal coliforms, because they are all outside sources of water that have road runoff, sewage waste and animals defecating in them. We gathered several water samples and inoculated lactose broth with these water samples which tested for fermentation and helped determine if coliforms were present. Then if there was possible coliforms present, we placed them on either an Endo agar
E Coli is a pathogenic bacteria that can be in the intestine of warm blooded animals and humans. It can help break down food in the gut, and allows vitamin K to be absorbed. Its full name is Escherichia Coli, and although many strains are harmless, some can cause food poisoning in humans by making harmful chemicals.
Despite the accomplishments, water-borne diseases remain an issue of concern. “From 1971 to 1988 there were 564 infectious outbreaks in the United States involving nearly 140,000 people.” Bacteria are microorganisms that are of the kingdom Prokaryotae. When certain bacteria appear in places where they do not normally reside, they can cause illness.
The traumatic dislocation of the people from their homes was only the beginning of further unknown social change that lay ahead, which would prove to be even more far-reaching and disturbing.
Enterococci are normally found inhabiting the large bowls of humans but are also a part of the intestinal micro flora in mammals and birds. Enterococci are also found in soil, plants, and water. Normally, you do not find E. faecalis in water but there are other species of Enterococci that have been found in water due to contamination. Often from feces. E. faecalis is considered an assorted species because it mingles with many different organisms and has an effect on the environment. Some of the ways that E. faecalis can be transmitted in the environment are by various insects and animals. House flies are a good example of how the bacterium is transmitted because where they live there are live microbial communities present. Normally they are found around...
"An Ocean Of Trash." Scholastic Action 33.12 (2010): 16. MasterFILE Complete. Web. 31 Jan. 2014.
When people think of a hero they think of Superman, Batman, or Spiderman, but what they should think of are people that make difference. Bill Gates has made a huge difference in today’s world; he is an extremely successful entrepreneur, an active philanthropist, and a very motivated person in general. With this motivation he has and will accomplish anything he puts his mind to. He was CEO of Microsoft and became the richest man in the world. He also created one of the most credible and generous charitable organization in the world. As a positive influence on today’s world, Bill Gates has proven himself as person with his good work ethic, positive attitude, and great accomplishments.
Microbiological quality control criteria for food globally still rely on standard counts of coliform bacteria that were developed as indicators for fecal contamination. There is now ample documentation that these criteria are insufficient to protect against viral food-borne infections. For example high loads of infectious human pathogenic viruses have been detected in foods at retail that passed all microbiological control criteria, and this has led to discussions about the validity of proof for a recall. It is, therefore, important to understand the fundamental properties of food-borne.
Bill Gates started out as an innovator and became an accomplished man. He created the successful company known as Microsoft and changed the world today. Computer were changed and made easier, more productive, and affordable.
Throughout his life he has proven time and time again he is a catalyst for change. Most people are only considered catalyst for changes if they excel in working for change in one aspect of the world. Bill Gates has successfully changed two huge aspects of the world. His passions have affected billions of people and he keeps going. Bill himself said this “If I had set some sort of finish line, don’t you think I would have crossed it by now?”(Bill … Quotes). Bill Gates has been, is, and will continue to be someone who works tirelessly to make the world a better place.
But his habitual ideas and opinions are still present no matter how hard he tries not to present them, to solve this problem he decides that all of his opinions are false. Descartes finds himself certain about one thing that nothing is certain. Resorting back to the idea that his senses are the only way he is able to obtain the truth in life, he believes that his senses are apart of his mind and body. He uses a honeycomb to examine this topic that the body and mind are one. The wax changes shape therefore he uses imagination to understand it
With all this going into our today waters that is used so much many people can get sick off the waste put into the ocean waters. Some time the ocean can handle some waste from pollution out of the air or other forms but there should be limits on what people throw in there drains that is killing off sea life. For example oil from some ones car. Instead of taking the extra second to throw the product or waste away people feel it is right to flush it down a drain or let is fall were it fall. "More than 3 million tons of oil end up in the sea each year, the result of a variety of human activities, most of which take place on land. More than a third is waste oil from city drains - mainly from cars and from factories." Saying that it is only the human life that is polluting the waters.
William Henry "Bill" Gates (more commonly known as "Bill" Gates) is an American philanthropist, investor, programmer and role model. William Henry Gates used to be the chief executive and chairman one of the world's most successful personal computer software company, Microsoft which he co-founded with Paul Allen. William Henry Gates was also consistently ranked by Forbes magazine as the number one world wealthiest from 1995 to 2009 with the exception of 2008 when he was ranked third. According to the Bloomberg Billionaires List, Gates is the world's richest person in 2013, a position that he last held on the list in 2007