Definition of Terms
Before we begin we must first understand the different definitions of proprietary and contract security operations. There are many definitions and explanations that are used to distinguish between the two but I will use the definitions provided by Fischer, in his book titled Introduction to Security. “Proprietary security operations are those that are “in-house,” or controlled entirely by the company establishing security for its operations” Fischer, Robert; Halibozek, Edward; Walters, David (2012-11-23). Introduction to Security (Kindle Locations 877-878). Elsevier Science. Kindle Edition. A good example of this would be if a company purchases all the equipment and security personnel to provide security functions for the company itself. The employees and equipment is solely used for the security operations of the company and work exclusively for the company. In this type of security operation the company has a greater influence on the employees and what they can and cannot do. It is believed that with proprietary security operations employees have a greater sense of pride with the company since they are from and part of the company. The propriety security operations could offer similar security services that a contract security can. “Contract security services, on the other hand, are those operations provided by a professional security company that contracts its services to a company” Fischer, Robert; Halibozek, Edward; Walters, David (2012-11-23). Introduction to Security (Kindle Locations 880-881). Elsevier Science. Kindle Edition. An example of contract security operations would be the same company identifies a security requirement for their company and hires a professional security company to pr...
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... Security Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background, Analysis, and Options for Congress (Research Report R40835). Retrieved from Federation of American Scientist: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R40835.pdf
Sechrest, L. J. (2007, July 07). Privately Funded and Built U.S. Warships in the Quasi-War of 1797–1801 (Research Article). Retrieved from The Independent Institute: http://www.independent.org/publications/tir/article.asp?a=646
The History of Private Security. (n.d). Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/about_5418822_history-private-security.html
The Roman Curia. (n.d). http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/swiss_guard/swissguard/storia_en.htm
Waller, J. M. (2007). Private security contractors in America: 400 years and counting. Retrieved from http://www.iwp.edu/news_publications/detail/private-security-contractors-in-america-400-years-and-counting
Smith, Gordon. “Canada in Afghanistan: Is it working?” Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute, 2007.
In the argument that war does cost a lot of money, our ships being seized aren’t much cheaper. “From 1807 to 1812, more than nine hundred American ships were seized by either Britain or France”(“The War of 1812: Trade Embargoes”). This means in just one year, 200 ships were being seized. In any case, this is a lot of money down the drain – especially considering the size of the United States at the time. Each ship contained paid workers, loved family members, expensive supplies, the cost of replacing the ship, and because of all these seizes, no more international commerce.
One of the main causes of the war was Great Britains's continued practice of impressment. The ocean was a common and affective way to transport good in order to trade with other nations. Every country has the right to use the ocean; but because Britain was causing America's rights to be restricted by capturing American ships and enslaving their seamen, it caused many problems between the two countries. Document 1 is a congressional report that describes Britain's violations of our right " to use the ocean, which is the common and scknowledged highway of nations, for the purposes of transporting, in their own vessels , the products of their own soil and the acquisitions of their own industry." The report calls Britain's impressment and seizure of ships is a
Great Britain’s debt level is high; rather, the compensation for her debt is the investment of a strong navy to defend herself and the American people. Conversely, “our land force is already sufficient, and as to naval affairs, we cannot be insensible, that Britain would never suffer an American man of war to be built, while the continent remained in her hands” (34). Paine understands the important role of a navy, and he warns the American public that America is vulnerable to attack and destruction because the British will never sacrifice their manpower for America’s liberty and freedom from other countries. Paine points out that America has an opportunity to “leave posterity with a settled form of government, an independent constitution of its own, the purchase at any price will be cheap” and prosper with a constitution and a military of her own to defend herself and her people in times of turmoil and crisis because “a navy when finished is worth more than it costs” (34, 36). “Commerce and protection are united,” and America’s “natural produce” of timber, iron tar, leaves the American ports to gain marginal profits for the colonial states across the Atlantic in Europe (36).
middle of paper ... ... Works Cited Pbs.com, (n.d.) -. Frontline, Contractors, High Risk Contracting Business, Private Warrior. Retrieved November 7, 2013 from http://www.pbs.com. Web.archive.org.
After the fear of terrorism grew in the United States do to the Al Qaeda 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, the US Government found a need for a centralized department that umbrellas all other agencies when it comes to homeland security. The U.S. Government found this umbrella agency with the passage of the Homeland Security Act by Congress in November 2002, the Department of Homeland Security formally came into being as a stand-alone, Cabinet-level department to further coordinate and unify national homeland security efforts. (Homeland Security) With the creation of the new Department of Homeland Security (DHS) the government had a pinpoint location for the collection and gathering of intelligence, control of policies that effect national security, and a no fail mission. The Department of Homeland Security started to engulf other agencies and created many more, a total of 22 agencies now fall under the DHS. The DHS is control of all areas that deal with national security which included but are not limited to coastal and boarder protection, domestic terrorism, international terrorism, protection of the American people, protection of key infrastructure, protection of key resources and respond to natural disasters.
The predominant conflict between the United States and Great Britain prior to the war of 1812 was the British impressment of American sailors and merchants. At the time, Britain was at war with the First French Empire led by Napoleon Bonaparte. It was anticipated that many soldiers and sailors would desert the British Navy because of its substandard conditions. The majority of the deserting sailors joined the United States Merchant Marine; it not only had safer working conditions, but had payment of approximately four times the amount received in the British Navy. As substantial amounts of sailors abandoned the British Navy, U.S. ships were frequently stopped and searched for deserters. In this process, anyone allegedly deserting was impressed,
According to Charles Mahoney, the US military depended upon contractors to support counterinsurgency operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Some of the tasks the military contractors conduct include drone missions to collect signals intelligence and assist foreign countries like Iraq and Afghanistan forces to fight insurgencies. There have been notable occurences of use of excessive force in violation of human right by companies such as CACI at Abu Ghraib Prison in Iraq and Blackwater at Nisour Square. Iraq has made reference to the lack of monitoring the private military defenses on their grounds. “If the US government is going to work extensively with contractors, it requires a more robust oversight system, government agencies and courts also need assurances they can hold defense firms accountable if they break the law overseas”
Should the government decrease military spending or should it increase military spending? This is a question that many Americans wrestle with, and politically speaking, is a point of great contention since to many, military might evokes a sense of security. However, when considering this question from a foreign policy standpoint, does current military spending really match the current level of threats faced by the United States, or are too many dollars being allocated for an unnecessary level of military strength? There are certainly cons in making the decision to drastically lower military spending, but they are minimal when compared to the positive ramifications such a decision would have. This paper aims to explore these pros and cons
On September 16th of 2007, shortly after noon, in a place called Nisour Square located in the Mansour District in the Iraq capital of Baghdad, a heavily armed Blackwater Personnel Security Detail convoy consisting of four armored vehicles mounted with 7.62-millimeter machine guns made its way through the square as Iraqi traffic officers tried to control the busy traffic (Zagorin, Bennet, 2007) . Between the convoy getting special traffic rules to prevent attacks and the square being a heavy traffic area something went wrong and Blackwater personnel from all four vehicles opened fire on numerous civilian vehicles. “When it was all over we were looking around and about fifteen cars had been destroyed, the bodies of the killed were strewn on the pavements and road.” Thiab one of the traffic officers recalled (Schahill, 2008).When the convoy cleared the area the “shootout” left 17 Iraqi civilians dead and 20 injured. These actions lead to an outrage not only in the Iraq but also the Arab community. While this wasn’t Blackwater’s first time making global headlines, this time was definitely the worst to date. It came to look so bad on the United States government that it was taken to trial in American court, and on January 1st of 2010 all charges were dismissed, both against those contractors involved in this terrible incident but also to company itself.
Robert Greenwald’s documentary film, Iraq for Sale: The War Profiteer, highlights how the private military contractors (PMCs) make the profit out of the Iraq War, and visualizes how the motive of profit-oriented PMCs has a negative impact on U.S. image. The film shows interviews of former PMCs employees and their families, Iraqi civilians, U.S. military staff, and more. The question has raised that how the U.S. government solve such tragedy and at the same time to fulfill its needy of manpower in Iraq. Accountability is not the only significant opportunity cost of U.S. government deploying PMCs to Iraq, but also losing oligopoly leverage of traditional military in the labor market of the business of
There have been more mercenary deaths than military personnel in the Middle East, “Though the Pentagon claims not to keep records on mercenary fatalities, over 1,000 mercenaries are estimated to have been killed in Iraq and another 2,500 in Afghanistan, including eight who worked for the CIA, with thousands more wounded,” (Kuzmarov). Even if there are more mercenary deaths in the wars, where we use mercenaries more. At least we are saving our own troops’ lives, we are letting them go home and see their families again. While mercenaries do this job for money and not that much for their country needs, like our military are made up of volunteers who do not want to die. “I do this job for the opportunity to kill the enemies of my country and also to get that boat I always wanted. . . . When engaged I lay waste to everything around me,” (Contractor slogan/Kuzmarov). We can still keep these mercenaries alive, if we just train them better, “He would see the shocking behaviour of other PMcs, particularly Americans, and think that at least he wasn’t like them. But it still comes down to money,” (Saner). Another problem for mercenaries are that they basically can do anything they want in foreign countries. The mercenaries could maybe end up shooting a whole town in the Middle East, where it is believed that there are terrorist or there are terrorist targets there. While they would probably get away with the crime and still get
In June of 1812, the United States declared war on Great Britain for several reasons, the primary of which was the impressment of U.S. Sailors on the high seas for use in the British Navy. Once declared, the United States, under President John Madison, took the initiative and conducted a series of attacks into Canada resulting in the burning of government buildings. The British eventually repelled the attacks and took to the offensive striking at America and setting Washington D.C. ablaze in the summer of 1814. By the time the battle of New Orleans takes place in January of 1815, the Treaty of Ghent had already been signed signaling the official end to the war, however, the speed of trans-Atlantic communication proved too slow to prevent this last battle in the War of 1812. The battle of New Orleans has Major General Andrew Jackson lead U.S. Army regulars, New Orleans citizens, and militiamen from various surrounding states to repel the attacks of British General Edward Pakenham and the infantry troops he commanded (War of 1812, 2012). A series of poor decisions by the British coupled with terrain obstacles, technology and the ability to seize the initiative contributed to their defeat on 8 January 1815. This paper will examine the battle preparations and maneuvers that led to the British defeat and highlight some of the key factors in deciding the outcome of the battle.
“Naval Rivalry.” Europe. 3rd ed. 5 vols. Beresford, Charles W., Volker R. Berghahn, Herwig H. Holger, Lambert A. Nicholas, Arthur J. Marder, Jon T. Sumida, and Lawrence Sondhaus. Farmington Hills: Tomson Gale, 2006
The main objective of the job is to oversee the security operations for that company. Security managers are in place to develop and enforce security policies to ensure a safe environment for both employees and visitors. While looking over those two aspects, they ensure the overall safety of the building as well. Security managers have key responsibilities, which are vital to the daily operations of that organization.