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Principle of quantitative research method
Strength and weakness of quantitative research
Characteristics of quantitative research approach
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Recommended: Principle of quantitative research method
In order to provide the best possible care for the patients in their care nurses should determine the most effective and accurate handover. Therefore, Analizing the level of data retained or lost from employing different handover methods is crucial.
Here the above paper with be critiqued using the step-by-step guide to critiquing research. Part 1: quantitative research (Coughlan, Cronin and Ryan, 2007).
In defining quantitative research the term can be dichotomized. Firstly, research refers to creative, systematic work with the intention to increase the knowledge of man and thereby devise new applications (OECD, 2002). In addition Gray (1997) stated that research should improve performance and that the results should be generalizable and be open to critical appraisal. Secondly, quantitative paradigms attempt to measure the event, predict and develop causal explanations to explain the event. Achieved through using an established design based on theory and hypothesis, whereby extensive data is collected, with the attained statistical data analysed using mathematical methods (Creswell, 1994).
Moreover, when applied to this paper, the quantitative research hopes to record the rate of data loss in nursing handover, using data collection and analysis to increase knowledge. Thereby, informing best practice for nurses with regard to handover methods.
The title is accurate, clear, and relates directly to the question posed. In addition, the title contains 12 words thereby avoiding being confusing or misleading as stated by Meehan (1999 cited by Coughlin et al. 2007) and Parahoo (2006 cited by Coughlin et al. 2007).
There are four credited authors for the paper, Pothier, Monteiro, Mooktiar and Shaw. At the time of publish...
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...r technique (Aveyard, 2010).ht ethree types of handovewr examined were:
1, Purely verbal,
2, Note taking style
3, A typed sheet accompanying a verbal handover.
The absence of the handovers or examples means theses can not be judged or repeated effecting the generalizability of the research (Newell and Burnard, 2011).
Ethically the research was beneficial, aimed at informing best care for patients with autonomy observed for the participants as all were volunteers. To avoid any bias the investigators was blinded to the results of the others, with points only recoded only with agreement (though video recording was used for any discrepancies). The use of fictitious patients avoided issues of confidential and privacy for the patients, however no mention was made of anonymity of the volunteers or any permission from the ethics committee (HSE, 2001).
This method uses a correct transfer of medical vital information of the patients during shift change that needs immediate attention, SBAR is achievable for nurses and identification of any error in information transfer process can be possible easily. This technique enhances the communication between health professionals and increase patient
Smithson, Robert, Eugenie Tsai, Cornelia H. Butler, Thomas E. Crow, and Alexander Alberro. Robert Smithson. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. Web. 15 Nov. 2011
The end of shift handover nursing report is the time when the off going nurse hands over patient care to the oncoming nurse. During this process critical information about patient’s status and plan of care must be communicated properly. Conducting the shift-to-shift report at the bedside allows patients and families to become involved in their care. It also lets them participate in the sharing of information, which ensures that patient, family and team goals are identified and aligned. Bedside shift-to-shift nursing reports increases patients’ satisfaction, improves the nurse-patient relationship, decreases patient falls, discharge time occurs faster, strengthens teamwork, and leads to better nurse
During this time, it is important for an off going nurse to let the oncoming nurse know that if there any operative test scheduled for the patient or if there are any special instruction that she should be aware of. For instance, if the patient needs to be NPO( nothing by mouth) the coming off nurse should inform the oncoming nurse, so she can make sure that the other staff who is involved in the care is aware of that as well. Most importantly, if the patient is scheduled to go for any kind of surgery, then the off-going nurse should also inform the oncoming nurse about patient’s belonging and if there is anything is valuable that needs to
The transitioning nurse must be able to communicate clearly and effectively. Often times nurses working in the community are alone where there is no other health team member present, therefore complete communication is essential. Transitioning nursing must possess knowledge of computer technology. The use of computer technology allows the nurse to communicate with other healthcare providers, facilitate care and manage complex healthcare needs (Bates et al., 2016, p.342). Furthermore, nurses transitioning from an acute care setting must be able to adaptable to any given situation or community. For example, supplies and equipment found in a hospital setting can be different than the one found in a client’s home. They must take the opportunity to gather information on how to utilize the supplies or equipment that may be unfamiliar. Finally, transitioning nurses must be knowledgeable about community resources. Knowledge of community resources can provide the opportunity to access and share information and help to improve the client’s quality of life (Bates et al., 2016, p.
The development of knowledge requires a number of processes in order to establish credible data to ensure the validity and appropriateness of how it can be used in the future. For the healthcare industry, this has provided the ability to create and form new types of interventions in order to give adequate care across a of number of fields within the system. Research then, has been an essential part in providing definitive data, either by disproving previous beliefs or confirming newly found data and methods. Moreover, research in itself contains its own process with a methodological approach. Of the notable methods, quantitative research is often used for its systemic approach (Polit & Beck, 2006). Thus, the use of the scientific method is used, which also utilizes the use of numerical data (Polit & Beck). Here, researches make use of creating surveys, scales, or placing a numerical value on it subjects (Polit & Beck). In the end the resulting data is neutral and statistical. However, like all things its approach is not perfect, yet, it has the ability to yield valuable data.
The articles, published after 1996, contain varied methods of research attainment, but share similarities such as being a self-survey, having a small sample size, and being
A., Pomerleau, S. G., & Penner, J. L., “Knowing is a process of perceiving and understanding the Self and the world”. Nurses as caregivers must appreciate each patient for who they are as individuals. The nurse must also know how to provide nursing care with the knowledge he/she gains from experience in the field. Caring is the main component needed for a nurse to give quality care to a patient. The nurse must assess the needs of a patient and direct the patient plan of care around the patient’s ability to engage in his/her own rehabilitation. Nurses must create a genuine relationship with the patient in order to determine how much their patient is willing to participate in their care. Nurses have always used their visual instincts in patient care. There has always been a face to face where the patient is physically in front the nurse. Telenursing is different because nurses no longer can rely on face to face interaction with their patients. In order to facilitate care over the phone nurses need to know their patient to provide individual care and ensure the safety of the patient with the nurses’ judgment. Not only can phone conversations be taken out of context so can emails and text messages. The nurse must have a strong bond with their patients so this type of complication will not occur. Another problem when using any form of communication that is not face to face is that it is not always possible to express empathy or build a sense of unity. Patients need to feel that the person on the other end cares. The tone a person takes on the phone can either make or break a relationship. In some conditions telenursing is not always appropriate, for instance a patient who is suffering from a deadly condition. Telephone and computers cannot provide compassion like a real person. In the end telenursing is a valuable service to patients but it is not
The father of quantitative analysis, Rene Descartes, thought that in order to know and understand something, you have to measure it (Kover, 2008). Quantitative research has two main types of sampling used, probabilistic and purposive. Probabilistic sampling is when there is equal chance of anyone within the studied population to be included. Purposive sampling is used when some benchmarks are used to replace the discrepancy among errors. The primary collection of data is from tests or standardized questionnaires, structured interviews, and closed-ended observational protocols. The secondary means for data collection includes official documents. In this study, the data is analyzed to test one or more expressed hypotheses. Descriptive and inferential analyses are the two types of data analysis used and advance from descriptive to inferential. The next step in the process is data interpretation, and the goal is to give meaning to the results in regards to the hypothesis the theory was derived from. Data interpretation techniques used are generalization, theory-driven, and interpretation of theory (Gelo, Braakmann, Benetka, 2008). The discussion should bring together findings and put them into context of the framework, guiding the study (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). The discussion should include an interpretation of the results; descriptions of themes, trends, and relationships; meanings of the results, and the limitations of the study. In the conclusion, one wants to end the study by providing a synopsis and final comments. It should include a summary of findings, recommendations, and future research (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). Deductive reasoning is used in studies...
...the data did not involve member checking thus reducing its robustness and enable to exclude researcher’s bias. Although a constant comparative method was evident in the discussion which improved the plausibility of the final findings. Themes identified were well corroborated but not declared was anytime a point of theoretical saturation Thus, the published report was found to be particularly strong in the area of believability and dependability; less strong in the area of transferability; and is weak in the area of credibility and confirmability, although, editorial limitations can be a barrier in providing a detailed account (Craig & Smyth, 2007; Ryan, Coughlan, & Cronin, 2007).
On the other hand, Quantitative research refers to “variance theory” where quantity describes the research in terms of statistical relationships between different variables (Maxwell, 2013). Quantitative research answers the questions “how much” or “how many?” Quantitative research is an objective, deductive process and is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables with generalized results from a larger sample population. Much more structured than qualitative research, quantitative data collection methods include various forms of surveys, personal interviews and telephone interviews, polls, and systematic observations. Methods can be considered “cookie cutter” with a predetermined starting point and a fixed sequence of
Quantitative research uses a deductive reasoning also known as top to bottom or (top down approach) starting with a theory, then the hypothesis, followed by observation and finally confirmation , going from the general to the more specific. Quantitative methods use numbers and statistics to show the results of the research exercise and mainly are concerned with mathematics and statistics. In quantitative research there are levels of measurement being firstly nominal which are names of things followed by ordinal sequence of things, interval where the sequence has equal distance between each item, and ratio where there is a true zero (Alston & Bowles, 2003, p. 7-9).
Nurses are well aware of the time constraints that often impact not only the time they have to spend with individual patients, but also the quality of their documentation (Hemsley et al., 2012). Nurses often choose time with patients over proper documentation. When this occurs, there is a high risk that crucial information will not be relayed to staff on other shifts (Casey & Wallis, 2011). There needs to be understanding between nurses and managers about how information is relayed and recorded between all members of the health care
We believe it is clear that both qualitative and quantitative research have many benefits and many costs. In some situations the qualitative approach will be more appropriate; in other situations the quantitative approach will be more appropriate.
On the other hand, quantitative research allows you to test hypothesis derived from theories, associated with the issues being investigated. It is less flexible, as there are standardized procedures and techniques for collecting, organizing and analyzing the data (Kuada, 2012).