Validity and Reliability What is the purpose of a nursing research study if you do not have validity and reliability? In this article, Identifying a Relationship Between Physical Frailty and Heart Failure Symptoms, a cross section study is done to correlate the relationship between HF symptoms (sleep disturbances, pain, anxiety, dyspnea, depression) and physical frailty.(Denfeld, Winters-Stone, Mudd, Hiatt, & Lee, 2017). Patients with HF were asked a range of questions and given subjective scales where they self reported the previously mentioned symptoms. The ultimate benefit of correlating this would be to prevent frailty therefore reducing the severity of these symptoms. It seems to me that if one is to study such a subject and correlation
Melnyk’s Hierarchy of Evidence is a system often use for assigning levels of evidence in nursing by integrates clinical expertise and patient choices with the best available research. It is represented by a pyramid that enumerates the levels of strength of the evidence from 1 to 7, of which level 1 is the higher level. The higher level on the pyramid, the more likelihood that the research is valid; therefore, answering a clinical or practice question. “The systematic review or meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials are at the top of the evidence pyramid and are typically assigned the highest level of evidence, due to the fact that the study design reduces the probability of bias” (Melnyk, 2011). The weakness of the system is that when
LoBiondo-Wood, G., & Haber, J. (2013).Nursing Research: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice(8th ed.). New York: Elsevier.
Regression analysis is also used to understand which among the independent variables are related to the dependent variable, and to explore the forms of these relationships. In restricted circumstances, regression analysis can be used to infer causal relationships between the independent and dependent variables. However this can lead to illusions or false relationships, so caution is advisable;[2] for example, correlation does not imply
Burns, N. & Groves, S. K. (2009). The practice of nursing research: Appraisal, synthesis, and
Polit, D. F. & Beck, C. T. (2012). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (9th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott.
For nursing, research has played a major role in the way clinical practice is done. Research has allowed nurses to provide appropriate care to patients. It allows them to perform their job by providing them the tools and information they need in order to make the decisions on the concerns for caring the patient (Polit & Beck, 2006). Moreover, research can also take focus on the workers themselves in order to improve the practice both on a professional and personal level. An example of a study conducted by King, Vidourek, and Schweibert of University of Cincinnati created a study to determine if there is a correlation between ...
This has a moderate positive correlation because it falls between 0.31 and 0.60 on the magnitude scale.
Evidence - Based Nursing, An introduction (2008, p.1) “ At is core evidence based ‘anything’ is concerned with using valid and relevant information in decision making” “high quality research is the most important source of valid information”.
An example would be a research study conducted by Steven P. Gilbert from Minnesota State University and Cameron C. Weaver from Oklahoma State University. According to the authors “the purpose of the present study was to determine if sleep deprivation and/or poor sleep quality in a sample of non-depressed university students was associated with lower academic performance” (Gilbert, Cameron. 295). The study was also made to determine the relationship between sleep deprivation, sleep quality, and academic performance (Gilbert, Cameron. 298). It was hypothesized that by the end of the study, participants who had higher levels of sleep deprivation and poorer sleep quality would have lower academic performance (as indicated by grade point average [GPA] and course incompletions—drops, withdrawals, and incompletes) than participants with little sleep deprivation and good sleep quality (Gilbert, Cameron. 298). By the end of the study, the authors discussed the results in the following
Regarding how individuals relate, influence, and perceive one another social psychology encompasses different form of research (Myers, 2010). The variety of research techniques used provides psychologists the ability to test hypothesis and theories. The relationship among different variables is sought after in doing so (Myers, 2010). In social psychology the methods used are field, correlations, and experimental research (Myers, 2010). Research takes place in either a controlled environment or nature situations .Field research takes place in natural settings and outside laboratory or controlled environments. This is a research commonly used regarding observing individuals and his or her behavior in an everyday setting. The situation is not controlled or influenced by other variables therefore providing more accurate results in data. Correlation research looks for the connection between variable sand the natural relationships they share. Even though this form of research aids in psychology its predictions and provides a relationship between variable it does not provide and indefinite cause and effect connection (Myers, 2010). Correlation research does not however factor in causations when concerning variables. Because of the concern correlation research places on cause and effect relationship experimental research is used whenever ethical or feasible situations arise
It is encouraged by the nursing process, which is used by nurses in order to diagnose and treat patients. In a way methodology serves a nursing process of researchers and scientist, along with the scientific method. Methodology is also used in organizations and businesses to find and fix problems and make business decisions. In collecting information it is important to collect as much info as possible to support any claim, theory, or experiment. When seeking data, a person should look into the different methods of collecting data, such as: surveys, interviews, focus groups, and observation. In this case study the nurse could effectively use any of those methods to collect a bunch of info pertaining to her topic of interest. Before outlining a methodology, the nurse should know why and how she gathered her info and what it’s supporting. Very similar to the scientific method, the nurse should have an idea or hypothesis that drives her research. She should document her evidence and her methods of collecting the data. These things should happen when using methodology and the nursing process. The nurse in this case study is seeking info that could help nurses understand patient noncompliance and how to handle it. This nurse has a bunch of opportunities to collect the information she needs to form a methodology. She is in constant contact with patients and colleagues who she could interview or survey at any time. Nurse researchers recognize the need to consult other experts and to consider other organizational patterns (Cravens, pg.140). This nurse also has opportunities to validate her findings for her methodology with her peers and colleagues, just as she would for a nursing
One important factor to consider when claiming if a correlation exist is if the experiment has validity, reliability and can be replicated. The article published was based on one experiment
In order to compute the 95% confidence interval for Functional reach test (mean) or [Pre_FRT], you need to know 2 pieces of information about the Pre_FRT score in this sample. (3)
It is significant to have validity in research. Validity is the best approximation of the truth of a given proposition, inference, or conclusion. It refers to the many conclusions reached about the quality of the different parts of the research methodology. It provides concrete data about the cause and effect construct. There are four main types of validity: conclusion, internal, construct, and external. External validity determines if you can generalize the causal relationship of the study to other persons, places, or times. The researcher can make some claims that the research findings have implications for other groups and individuals in other settings at other times. Construct validity revises if you operationalized well the ideas of cause and effect when there is a causal relationship in the study. Internal validity is use to determine if the relationship is causal when you can make a claim that the program or treatment in the study caused the outcomes of the study. Conclusion validity is use to determine if there is a relationship between the cause and effect. All four types of validity are important in r...
One of the most popular mistakes that young psychology students make is assuming that correlation guarantees causation. For someone lacking research knowledge, an article titled, "Vitamins Cause Crime", may be appealing and interesting information. An experienced researcher, on the other hand, would easily identify this claim as pseudoscience and create a hypothesis and experiment in order to disprove the extraordinary claim. The best way to dive further into this information would be to design a double-blind research study.