The Ways the Nazis Tried to Eliminate all Jews in Europe

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The Ways the Nazis Tried to Eliminate all Jews in Europe

The Nazis used many methods to eliminate all the Jews in Europe from

1941 onwards. They used concentration camps, Ghettos, Death camps,

Einsatzgruppen (murder squads) and the Final Solution.

The Final Solution was the plan to annihilate all the Jews out of

Europe. This was also known as the mass murder of the Jews (Genocide).

The persecution of the Jews was applied in stages. After the Nazi

party achieved power, state enforced racism resulted in anti-Jewish

legislation, boycotts, “Aryanization,” Kristallnacht (Night of Broken

Glass) programme, all of which was aimed towards the Jewish

population, specifically to isolate them from the German society and

to drive them out of the German area. After the June 1941 invasion of

the Soviet Union, Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing units) began killing

operations aimed entirely at the Jewish communities. The SS, the Elite

Guard of the Nazi state, soon regarded the mobile killing methods,

mainly shooting and/or gas vans, as inefficient as psychological

trouble on the killers. In the autumn of 1941, Heinrich Himmler

assigned SS General Odilo Globocnik (SS and police leader for Lublin)

to take out the operation of systematically murdering the Jews of the

general government. This operation was then given the codename Aktion

Reinhard after Heydrich (who had been tasked with implementing the

final solution and who was assassinated by Czech partisans in May

1942). Three extermination camps were established in Poland as a part

of Aktion Reinhard, these were called Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka.

On arrival at the camps, Jews were sent directly to gas chambers.

Globocnik assistant, SS Major Hermann Hoeffel, was in charge of

organising the deportation to the Aktion Reinhard camps. The Nazis

also gassed Jews in other extermination camps in Poland: Auschwitz

Berkenau (the largest of all camps), Majdanek and Chelmno. At

Majdanek, groups of Jews who were considered incapable of doing the

work required were gassed. In Chelmno all of the Jews were gassed in

mobile gas vans. The Nazis systematically murdered over three million

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