The Effect of the Concentration of Hydrochloric Acid on the Amount of Hydrogen
AIM
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I want to find out how the concentration of Hydrochloric acid affects
the amount of hydrogen or the time it takes to produce 30cm3 of gas,
when the Hydrochloric acid reacts with the magnesium powder.
Prediction
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I predict that the amount of hydrogen in the measuring cylinder will
increase as the concentration increases; this is because if there is
more concentration there shall be more particles for the magnesium to
collide with so the reaction will be faster. I think that my
prediction is true because if you increase the concentration there are
more particles in the test tube so there is more likely to be a
collision and when a collision happens there is a reaction and
hydrogen is produced. I plan to take 5 readings and repeat one more
time to be able get an average. I predict the time it takes the
hydrogen to reach 30cm3 will range from 5s to 25s. I think that the
reaction will happen like this Magnesium +Hydrochloric acid>
Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen
Mg(s) + 2HCL(aq)> Mgcl2(aq) + H2(g)
Diagram
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[IMAGE] Measuring cylinder
[IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] Test tube Hydrogen Pipe
[IMAGE]Bung
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We began this investigation by suiting up in lab aprons and goggles, we then gathered our materials, found a lab station and got to work. We decided to start with the magnesium in hydrochloric acid first, we measured out 198.5 L of HCl and put it in the foam-cup calorimeter and took initial temperature reading. We then selected a piece of magnesium ribbon and found its mass: 0.01g. This piece was placed in the calorimeter and the lid was shut immediately to prevent heat from escaping. We “swirled” the liquid mixture in the calorimeter to ensure a reaction, and waited for a temperature change. After a few moments, the final temperature was recorded and DT determined.
First thing you would want to do is try measuring out your volume of your solution, maybe from inside a beaker or flask. You also want to start titrating your solution until its specific endpoint has been gained. You can tell this, by the color that gives off from the solution. This is why we add a base to our concentration so we can eventually give off a color and figure out the titration. Well, I think that our methane gas and hydrogen sulfide gas would start giving off a reaction and the concentration would eventually lower. Since our concentration would begin to lower, so would our reaction rate for our reaction. Although, as our methane gas and hydrogen sulfide gas are being formed with our Hydrogen and Carbon disulfide, this is going to “jump start” a reverse reaction, which means if we start adding more of our substances to the reaction, its going to speed up the process. This will go on and on until we are at an equal rate and eventually in an dynamic
The first step that we took to accomplish our goal was to put on our safety goggles and choose a lab station to work at. We received one 400ml beaker, one polyethylene pipet, two test tubes with hole rubber stoppers, two small pieces of magnesium (Mg), one thermometer and a vial of hydrochloric acid (HCl). We took the 400ml beaker and filled it about 2/3 full of water (H20) that was 18 OC. Then we measured our pieces of Mg at 1.5 cm and determined that their mass was 1.36*10-2 g. We filled the pipet 2/3 full of HCl and poured it into one of the test tubes. Then, we covered the HCl with just enough H2O so that no H2O would be displaced when the stopper was inserted. After inserting the stopper, we placed the Mg strip into the hole, inverted the test tube and placed it in the 400ml beaker. HCl is heavier than H2O, so it floated from the tube, into the bottom of the beaker, reacting with the Mg along the way to produce hydrogen gas (H2). We then measured the volume of the H2, cleaned up our equipment and performed the experiment a second time.
= = = == I predict that as the concentration of the hydrochloric acid decreases the rate of reaction will decrease and therefore the time taken for 75ml of gas to be released will increase.
Hydrogen is a gaseous element, symbol H, usually classed in group 1 (or Ia) of the periodic table Hydrogen melts at –259.2° C (–434.56° F) and boils at –252.77° C (–422.986° F).
The Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Thiosulphate Introduction = == == == ==
One possible source of experimental error could be not having a solid measurement of magnesium hydroxide nor citric acid. This is because we were told to measure out between 5.6g-5.8g for magnesium hydroxide and 14g-21g for citric acid. If accuracy measures how closely a measured value is to the accepted value and or true value, then accuracy may not have been an aspect that was achieved in this lab. Therefore, not having a solid precise measurement and accurate measurement was another source of experimental error.
The aim is to find out if changing the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution has an effect on the time taken for the reaction. The reaction that will take place is: Hydrochloric acid + Calcium Carbonate + Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon dioxide 2HCl (aq) + CaCo3 (s) CaCL2 (aq) + H2O + CO2 (g). Collision theory - Collisions between reactant particles are needed. for the reaction to take place in order to form a product.
The Effect of Temperature of Hydrochloric Acid on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Magnesium
Carbon goes from fossil fuels into the atmosphere when the fuels are burned the carbon dioxide goes from the atmosphere then dissolves into the surface of the ocean. Reduces seawater PH, carbonate ion concentration and saturation states of biologically important calcium carbonate minerals. What does different concentrations of acid do to shells? If the acid concentration is high, the mass will decrease.
Investigation: How does the concentration of acid affect the rate of reaction? The aim of this investigation is to test how concentration affects the rate of reaction. My prediction for my investigation is that the higher the concentration, the faster the reaction will be.
Moisture is heavy, and thus it can change the results of the experiment, as we only want the weight of magnesium and the magnesium oxide.
from 10cm to 50cm to make it easier to see the difference in a graph.
3 cm of magnesium ribbon generally has a mass of 0.04 g and yields 40 cm3 of hydrogen when reacted with excess acid. 50 cm3 of 1M hydrochloric in this experiment is in excess.
1. The labels have fallen off of three bottles thought to contain hydrochloric acid, or sodium chloride solution, or sodium hydroxide solution. Describe a simple experiment which would allow you to determine which bottle contains which solution.