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Theoretical approach in counseling
Rational choice theory
Theoretical approach in counseling
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When people seek therapy, they are almost always at a point of desperation and hopelessness. Without hope the possibility of change is nearly impossible. Hope drives motivation. “if clients have hope for counseling as an effective change process, they will also be autonomously motivated to engage fully in the therapeutic process” (Bartholomew, Scheel, & Cole, 2015). Hope within the therapeutic process goes together with well-being. Scientific studies have shown that hope based therapy prevents suicide and leads to psychological alignment. Bartholomew, Scheel, and Cole (2015) go on to describe hope as a “cognitive process with an emotion feedback system in which people are reuninted toward reasonable, challenging goals”. Snyder… defined hope …show more content…
Wubblding (2015) defined reality therapy as “a system that counselor’s use to liberate clients and help them make realistic choices to more effectively satisfy their needs within their limitations”. Reality therapy is strength-based and requires therapist to review their clients as individuals who can achieve their goals. The idea behind choice theory is that human motivation is intentional. Humans have the power to bounce back from environmental adversity and in the moment, have the choice to behave in a way that meets their needs in the future. Glasser identified seven unhealthy habits (blaming, bribing, criticizing, complaining nagging, threatening and punishing), or deadly habits, and replace them with the seven caring habits (supporting listening encouraging accepting, trusting respecting and negotiating differences). It is important to note that choice theory does not discredit how one’s past can shape their character. However, instead of focusing on the negativity and brokenness of the past, choice theory focuses on the here and now and how the clients current behaviors can help them attain well-being in the future. Wubbolding (2015) says it best, “we are products of our past, our current choices result from the here-and-now
What is the director ultimately saying about the ways in which hope affects the individual?
Heitler, Susan. Ph.D. “8 Reasons to Cheer for Psychotherapy and to Broaden Its Availability.” Psychology Today. N.p. 10 Aug. 2012. Web. 11 Nov. 2013
While CBT has many advantages, it alone does not encompass all of the concepts I believe are necessary to tackle a client’s needs. Therefore, I draw upon concepts from various theories to assist clients in achieving their goals. Pulling from Reality therapy, a key concept I utilize is focusing on what the client is doing and how to get them to evaluate whether they’re present actions are working for them. CBT does use some form of this in the sense that one must examine and establish their cognitive misconceptions; however, I prefer to extract this concept from Reality therapy because CBT tends to do so by focusing on the past. I am a firm believer that while the past can shape who you are, it does little good to remain focused on it. Focusing on overt behavior, precision in specifying the goals of treatment, development of specific treatment plans, and objective evaluation of therapy outcomes all come from Behavior therapy (Corey, 2013, p. 474). Behavior therapy is highly structured much like that of CBT. By utilizing this aspect of Behavior therapy, I am better able to closely observe where a client is currently and where they are headed. Lastly, I pull from Person-Centered therapy as the final key concept of my counseling approach. PCT focuses on the fact that client’s have the potential to become aware of their problems and resolve them (Corey, 2013). This Person-Centered therapy concept has overlap with CBT as
Roth, A., Fonagy, P. (2005). What works for Whom? A Critical Review of Psychotherapy Research. US: Guilford Press.
A client’s good qualities are as important as his or her symptoms or diagnosis (Rashid, 2012). Positive Psychotherapy does not directly target symptoms. The therapist will instead try to improve the positives in the client’s life, such as emotion and meaning. In disorders such as depression, the focus shifts to trying to create balance between positive and negative symptoms. In PPT, the key factor is bringing the constructive aspects of a person to the forefront rather th...
“Hope is defined as the action of wishing or desiring that something will occur.” Hope helps people move forward in life to see what’s coming next for them. For example, “I had no right to let myself die. What would he do without me? I was his sole support” (Wiesel, “Night”.) This quote explains the effects of hope in a pitiful situation. Eliezer Wiesel and his father were torn apart, mentally and physically from everything they
Corey, G. (2013). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy (9th ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks Cole.
In regards to the questions and answers, I feel as though my personal approach to counseling is based off of my own priorities I set forth in myself that follow more closely to the aspects of Reality Therapy, and Adlerian Therapy. Though Reality Therapy primarily focuses on the present, it still has some grounding in the past but not as much as Adlerian does. Even knowing this I still feel these two therapies are more closely related to my own belief system. I am in agreement with Reality Therapy, in that we are responsible for the choices we make. I trust that we can exercise great control over our lives, over how we can change to better ourselves, and to better our relationships with those around us. I feel that we all as a society are influenced by basic needs: belonging, survival, freedom, and power, and that these needs can be used as motivational tool when working with clients.
...velop plans and goals that they can put into action. I further believe warmth and empathy should be used in building relationships between clients. The therapist should create a setting in which clients feel safe and can be vulnerable and spontaneous. As I stated before when discussing goals, it is the role of the therapist to cultivate optimism and hope. According to Gehart (2010), hope should be instilled early on in therapy to foster motivation and a sense of momentum (p. 337). I agree with this statement because more than likely the client is in therapy to make some kind of change, to make an improvement. If hope is instilled early in treatment, clients are able to feel empowered and strengthened by their therapist’s encouraging attitude. Overall, a therapist should be a facilitator, a resource person, an observer and a model for effective communication.
Within theology, philosophy, medicine, psychiatry, psychology, nursing, sociology, and anthropology definitions of hope abound. Yet, few theoreticians have been able to move from the abstract to the pragmatic. Few clinicians have taken up the challenge to articulate specific connections between hope as a theoretical construct and hope as a practice.
Stan’s problems and concerns can be conceptualized in many different ways. Reality therapist emphasize that each individual is the author of their own life; hence, Stan’s problems and concerns all because of his choosing. When looking at reality therapy, it is important to assess the client’s behaviors, thinking, feelings, and physiology. Stan is acting in a behavior that is self-destructive, for example, within the year Stan began drinking. Drinking was not self-destructive at first since Stan described it as allowing him to be more sociable with his peers. However, Stan’s drinking has led to destructive behaviors because it has caused him to become forgetful and unable to concentrate. Moreover, it is threatening his job and his academic studies.
Desmund Tutu, a South African social rights activist and retired Anglican bishop, once said “hope is being able to see that there is light despite all of the darkness” (“Hope Quotes”, n.d.). Hope is considered a critical state of mind that influences an individuals’ outlook on life and functioning (Kim, Kim, Schwartz-Barcott, & Zucker, 2006). “Hope is appealing because it is focused on how human beings survive and look forward to life, despite the many traumas and disruptive events that occur” (Tutton, Seers, & Langstaff, 2009, p. 120). This concept is recognized as an essential part of recovery in patients and nurses are acknowledged as having a vital part in enabling hope in patients and families.
Reality therapy is a practical therapeutic method developed by Dr. William Glasser, which focuses on here and now rather the past, problem-solving rather than the issue at hand, and making better choices with specific goals established. Reality therapy is a time-limited, no-nonsense approach that Glasser developed and taught as a method of counseling which is based on choice theory, which states: “all we do is behave, almost all behavior is chosen, and we are driven by five basic needs” (William Glasser Institute, 2010).
We make choices every hour, every minute, and every second of our lives; whether big or small our choices are slowly putting us in the direction we choose or end up. Many of us do not realize what contributes to the choices we make and why it affects others the same way if affects us and because of this many authors and writers have written stories and articles about coming to terms with making a choice and how to better ourselves when it comes to decision-making for the future.