Methimazole J.S. was recently started on Methimazole for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism was diagnosed by lab results and thyroid ultrasound. She was prescribed Methimazole 5 mg oral tablet 3 times per day. The current dosing is appropriate for this patient as the recommended initial dosage for mild hyperthyroidism is 5 mg orally every 8 hours. Thyroid hormones are produced and released by the thyroid gland and regulate the body's metabolism. Methimazole is an antithyroid agent. The mechanism of action involves inhibition of thyroid hormone production. Inhibition of thyroid hormone production normalizes the thyroid gland and reduces the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Potential side effects of Methimazole discussed with J.S.
Is consider an autoimmune disorder, because elevated enzyme (TPO) Thyroid Peroxidase which are thyroid follicle cells iodinates T4 and T3. TPO ends up attacking it self, resulting in inflammation which ends up damaging the thyroid gland. Primary hypothyroidism is also known Hashimoto disease. The primary hypothyroidism lead to Margie’s symptoms trouble concentrating, puffier face, and hot flashes. Considering all the things above, Margie will be treated with Levonthyroxine a thyroid replacement hormone. This thyroid replacement hormone will first be introduce with a low those, there after it will increase until she reaches normal T4 and TSH levels. The negative result of this medication is the increased risk of developing osteoporosis. Therefore Margie should eat high calcium diet with calcium and vitamin D
Medications used to treat hypothyroidism consist of armour, proloid, synthroid, cytomel and euthroid (Dellipizzi-Citardi, 2011, p.59). Armour is a thyroid tablet consisting of extracts of the thyroid gland. Proloid is also known as thyroglobulin, which consists of purified extracts of a pig’s thyroid. Another name for synthroid is levothyroxine sodium. Cytomel is also referred to as liothyronine sodium. Lastly, euthroid is called liotrex. (Dellipizzi-Citardi, 2011, p.59). Some side effects of these medications are angina and arrhythmias. One nursing implication for these medications is administering a single dose before breakfast with a full glass of water, initial doses are low and gradually increase based on a thyroid function test. (“Thyroid, levothyroxine & liothyronine”, n.d.) Another nursing implication is if a patient has difficulty swallowing the tablet, crush it and put it in five to ten milliliters of water and administer it immediately by either spoon or dropper. (“Thyroid, levothyroxine & liothyronine ”, n.d.)
Thyroid and metabolism hormones play a large role in the daily lives of all living species. Thyroid hormones regulate the metabolism and the metabolism is responsible for maintaining a specific range for the biochemical reactions that occur in the body (Martini 2014). The most important hormone for metabolic maintenance is thyroxine (T4). This hormone also plays a large role in body heat regulation. It is produced by the pituitary gland and secreted by the thyroid gland. The thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) must trigger the thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) to release thyroid hormones to the thyroid gland. These hormones are under control of the hypothalamus, or main neural control center. Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication used to treat
As proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) Omeprazole and Lansoprazole are effective therapeutic agents for Peptic ulcers. But which one is more effective as a PPI and highly useful for peptic ulcers disease. The basis of the distinction lies in the pharmacological safety and efficacy of each PPI, which is assessed in this paper in a head to head comparison. After obtaining the relevant literature from Database PubMed and Proquest, it is sufficient to conclude that Lansoprazole proved to be a more effective and safe than Omeprazole.
Labels on tryptophan supplements recommended a dosage of 500 to 1500 mg once or twice a day.
Surgery is the most common treatment for all stages of colon cancer. Cancer cells may be removed by one of the below procedures:
This case involves the suspect being arrested for H&S 11377(a)-Crystal Methamphetamine, H&S 11364 (a)-Drug Paraphernalia, PC 148.9(a)- Falsely Identifying Oneself and B&P 22435.2b-Possession of a Shopping Cart. The suspect also had two outstanding arrest warrants.
Metformin is administered orally. It is manufactured in active form. It is recommended that this medication be taken with food, but this decreases the bioavailability by delaying absorption (Wilbur, 2013). This medication undergoes first pass metabolism in the liver. On an empty stomach, the bioavailability of Metformin is approximately 50% to 60% and it takes 4 to 8 hours to reach peak plasma levels with steady state plasma levels being reached within 24 to 48 hours (U.S. Food and Drug Administration [FDA], 2008). Metformin is eliminated through first-order kinetics with a half-life of close to 17 hours and it is excreted almost exclusively unchanged in the urine through tubular secretion (FDA, 2008).
Metformin is the generic name of a medication used in the management of diabetes mellitus type 2. Various trade names of this drug include Riomet, Glucophage XR, Carbophage SR, Obimet, Siofor, Fortamet, Glucophage, and Glumetza. The chemical name is 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide monohydrochloride. Doses up to 2000 mg per day may be given twice daily. The circulation of metformin is that the drug’s steady state of concentration within the blood is reached in 24-48 hours and the half life is approximately 6-1/2 hours. The nonabsorbed fraction of the dru...
Geffner DL, Hershman JM (July 1992). "β-Adrenergic blockade for the treatment of hyperthyroidism". The American Journal of Medicine 93 (1): 61–8.
Furosemide is available in tablets, sublingual tablets, oral suspension, and intravenously. (2) The recommended schedule dose for adults for an initial dose is 20 to 80mg. (3) The same dose as well as higher doses may be administered 6 to 8 hours following the previous dose if needed. (2) When titrating doses it may be raised by 20 to 40mg but not within 6 to 8 hours after the initial dose, and this may continue until the desi...
Medication errors pose the greatest risks and consequences in many health care settings, there are many different factors that play a role in medication error. Distractions and frequent interruptions increase the risk of medication error when caring for patients. Multitasking is a major contributing factor to these human factors, it is has been documented that distractions and interruptions along with multitasking leads to medication administration errors (MAEs) (Nelms and Jones, 2011). Medication errors post a major threat to the lives of patients, by increasing the chances of harm, a live changing injury, and even cost the patients their life .
This disease is the most common case of hyperthyroidism or an overactive thyroid. As mentioned before hyperthyroidism is the excessive production of thyroid hormones, “the cause of overproduction of hormones stems from the body’s immune system attacking the thyroid gland,” (Toft, 2014) which is responsible for metabolism. This disease is not seen in random cases it is hereditary meaning it is passed on from family member’s, however women are more likely to develop it then men. Some of the symptoms are fatigue, difficulty sleeping, bulging eyes and excessive sweating to name a few. Since most of the symptoms are visible, like the enlarged thyroid and the bulging eyes a routine physical exam is more than enough to diagnose a patient. Unfortunately, for the people diagnosed with this disease there is no treatment capable of hindering the thyroid gland from over producing hormones. While Graves’ disease is not treatable, some combinations of drugs can control the
Metformin is a biguanide which is an effective oral anti hyperglycemia drug which is widely used to control type II diabetes mellitus and more recently in pregnancy. (7)