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History of Ukraine-Rus
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Cultural: Kievan Rus A medieval European state, Kievan Rus was founded in 882 AD by Prince Oleg. He then united local Slavic and Finnish tribes, defeated the Khazars, and, in 911, arranged trade agreements with Constantinople. In 989 their principles came under influence of the Byzantine Empire, and ended up adoption Christianity. “The Patriarch of Constantinople appointed a metropolitan to organize the see of Kiev and all Rus, and in 988, Byzantine clergy baptized the population of Kiev in the Dnieper River”(1). It took a very long time for christianity to spread to all principalities. However, The adoption of Christianity was followed by boom in the Old Russian culture. Church had an extremely fruitful influence on the cultural construction.
As well as having different language, these people had different religions which include: 70% Christian Orthodox; 9% Roman Catholic; 11% Muslim; 4% Jewish. Virtually, the whole population of Russia was situated in the fertile land in the southwest. This meant that population density was very high and cities and towns were overcrowded. However, Russia’s low industrial output was not the only problem for the peasants and factory workers.
The Byzantine Empire plays a major role in many different societies to this day. Some of the things that impact other civilizations from the Byzantine include their religion and laws. According to Mr. Gray, Russia went so far as to adopt Orthodox Christianity, which makes them view themselves as the continuation of Byzantine culturally. Also, Justinian’s code helps shape the basis of much later laws (Byzantine PPT #7), which shows Justinian's code is a bigger influence
The Byzantine Empire plays a major role in many different societies to this day. Some of the things that impact other civilizations from them include their religion and laws. According to Mr. Gray, Russia went so far as to adopt Orthodox Christianity which makes them view themselves as the
Because of Kiev's location and the surrounding cultures, cultural diffusion affected Kiev in political, religious, and educational matters. Russia was centered between many trade routes; the river trading from Western Europe and Scandinavia, the Silk Road from the Far East, and Byzantine ports and aquatic trade. Traditions and customs were brought to and from Russia by traders from far-off lands. When Russia needed a set of laws and a code to live by, Yaroslav's code was created. This code followed many of the main ideas in Justinian's Code, in Byzantium. Vladimir wanted to have complete political and religious power over his people, which he took from Byzantium when he was looking for an official religion to unify his people. Vladimir sent
As in many parts of the ancient world, the people living in the Rus lands worshiped Pagan gods for thousands of years. Christianity became an influence on the Rus via the Byzantine Empire and the Kievan Rus state around 800 CE. The Byzantine Empire was the largest empire in the world in the 800s and 900s and the official religion of the Byzantines was Orthodox Christianity. The Byzantines' global influence was extraordinary but Kiev's (the Rus capital) close proximity to the Byzantine capital Constantinople added even more influence and pressure to the Rus than most places. Olga, who was ruling the Kievan Rus state as regent, officially converted to Christianity in 945 CE. Olga's gender and status as regent did not allow for Christianity to spread in the Rus state but for the first time churches and missionaries from Constantinople were allowed to stay in Kiev. (Notes from Kovalev class, 9/24/13) Olga's grandson Vladimir became the Grand Prince of the Rus from 980 to 1015. Vladimir felt there was a need to unite all of the diverse Rus tribes under one cultural and religious orientation. Vladimir invited representatives from several religions such as Judaism, Islam, Catholicism, and Orthodox Christianity to try and convert him and the Rus to their respective religions. The obvious choice for Vladimir was Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire. Constantine was a close neighbor to Kiev. Converting to Orthodox Christianity opened up trade and political options for the Rus that they never had before. The Rus and the Byzantines became trading partners and uneasy allies which helped the Rus kingdom stabilize and grow in the years to come. (Zenkovsky, 66)
Although it is hard for us to ever say for sure the exact nature of the development of the Kievan state or the direct nature of the history of the early Eastern Slavs. However, we are able to make inferences and theories from the evidence presented to us from the Black Sea to the southern steppe. It is important for us to understand that the nations that gave cultural, political, and economic standing to the Kievan state did not directly link to the rise of the Kievan state. They did, however, aid in the process of establishing a powerful enough tribe to unite multiple tribes as one. The history of the early Eastern Slavs is one which should be continually studied and analysed to understand the founding of the Kievan state.
During the period of 200 CE and 1000 CE, there had been changes all around the world. The region of Mecca between 570-632 CE, Muhammad was the Arab prophet and founder of the Islam religion as he began to spread the religion. There were also the formation of the caliphates, Umayyad and Abbasid, of the Muslim dynasties in Mecca. Kievan Russia was founded in 880 CE in Ukraine by scandinavian adventurers asserting authority over slavic population. The Holy Roman Empire is founded in 962 CE. Between 581 and 618 CE, the Sui dynasty had unified China and achieved economical advances from building the Grand Canal, as they were followed by the Tang dynasty. The Tang (618-907 CE) used Mahayana Buddhism as their religious doctrines as they also excelled in trade, but eventually decline and were followed by the Song dynasty in 960 CE. Around 963 CE, Vietnam adopts the Chinese culture of Tang and Song. In 600 CE - 900 CE the Mesoamerican civilization made advances in astronomy and mathematics. Teotihuacan was at it’s peak in 600 CE as the largest city in Americas and they had built many religious architecture and practiced human sacrifice. Maya civilization was during the dominance of Teotihuacan, as the Mayans developed the Mesoamerican calendar. Between 320 - 550 CE, the Gupta Empire in northern India followed the footsteps of the Mauryan Empire before, and they developed the theater-state to persuade others. The changes and continuities in the Mediterranean
The problem with the origin of the Russian State is that it is exceedingly complex and many theories are based on circumstantial evidence. A good example of this is the early history of the plains above the Black Sea. This region compromises the center of the Kievan State, yet much is unknown about these parts due to the lack of resources. Archaeological finds suggest many ideas, all of which are unconfirmed. The simplest and most accepted belief is that this area was inhabited thousands of years before the Christian era, and played a part as the center for cultural exchanges between groups of nomadic tribes. These tribes led to the beginning of Slavic history.
During the Archaic Age of Ancient Greece, circa 776-500 B.C.E., the population growth in Ancient Greece called a need for more food supplies, and this demand was met by trade, establishing colonies, and by warfare to seize more land (Making Europe 71). According to Kidner, the Archaic Age “brought a revival of culture, the economy, and political significance to Greece” (71). As Greece began to overpopulate, methods for dealing with the overpopulation had to be found, once of these methods was to import food, which caused an expansion of Greek commerce and production of trade goods (Making Europe 71). Another solution to the overpopulation of Greece was to find new land somewhere else, and during the colonization that lasted from 750-550 B.C.E., Greeks colonized coastal cities because they wanted access to trade routes across the sea (Making Europe 71). The revival of Greek trade also brought Near Eastern culture into Greece, including new styles or art. According to Kidner, “Greek sculpture assumed a very Egyptian look, and Greek pottery depicted many eastern designs…and Greek potters and sculptors soon used designs from their own myths and legents”
Ancient Greek culture first emerged around 1600 B.C. in Mycenae. This developed a powerful military and participated in a wide trading network. Over the next thousand years, Greek society organized itself into city-states. The most famous ones were Athens and Sparta. They served as centers of political, religious, and cultural life.
Officially titled the Hellenic Republic, Greece is a country whose historical and cultural heritage continues to influence the modern world through art, philosophy and politics. Greece is located in southern europe. Critically placed at the byroads of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. Greece shares land borders with four countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and the Republic of Macedonia. The country is greatly consumed by water to the south with over 1,400 islands, the largest of them being Crete. Over eighty percent of Greece is of mountains, the largest and most culturally significant being mount Olympus, which in Greek mythology is the resting place of the twelve olympians. Greece is a country which is filled with aesthetically pleasing landmarks which have existed for thousands of years and are deemed historically significant. These include, but are not limited to the Parthenon, Acropolis of Athens, Panathenaic stadium, Mount Athos, Sounion (where the temple of Poseidon lays), Temple of Hephaestus and Theatre of Dionysus. These are just a few of the influential landmarks this authentic country possesses.
How did geography affect Greek history? In what ways was Greek civilization molded by the land, the sea, and the weather of the Mediterranean area?
The most interesting theme of the entire history of Russia is the period in which the formation of Russian statehood takes place. Surprisingly, the events preceding Russia’s formation are among the least studied pages of our history. Written sources telling of the times are very meager, they are mainly found in the presentation of Byzantine chroniclers, who described the events, at times, in biased and contradictory terms. Of course, Byzantines viewed the Slavs as primarily restless, warlike neighbors and they are not particularly interested in their culture, their way of life or their customs. Therefore, to study the history of ancient Russia and paganism uses mainly archaeological and ethnographic research. Some events have shed light archaeological finds but their interpretation the sometimes given rise too many opinions and viewpoints. In a small drop of solid knowledge of accounting there is the whole ocean of assumptions and guesswork. Thus, the early history and culture of Eastern Slavs is no less enigmatic and mysterious, than the story of Atlantis. That is why I was attracted by the theme of “Myths of the ancient Slavs”.
Nationalism has been defined by some historians as “the actions that the members of a nation take when seeking to achieve (or sustain) some form of popular sovereignty, and the attitude that the members of a nation have when they care about their national identity.” In the case of Greece, nationalism was always relatively strong, dating back to when the region was comprised of city-states. Although all of the Greeks that infiltrated the region in the 10th century did not belong to a single country, they did share a cultural connection. Hellen, a Greek god, was believed to have been the ancestor of all Greek people causing a common identity to form as people deemed themselves Hellenes. With a shared common background, a common language also
The Daily Life of Ancient Greeks Life in Greece in ancient times will remind you of your own life in many ways. There were school, family, athletic competitions, and social gatherings. Knowing that participants in their sporting events competed nude or that you rarely knew your husband/wife until the wedding day does however, make you grateful for the society that you live in today. Babies Life for the Greeks in Athens began in their home. Babies were delivered by the women of the family, and only in cases of serious complications was a mid-wife called.