Interesting Facts About Dna Research Paper

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There are many interesting facts about DNA and the Gene. DNA can do an amazing number of things, such as replication and mutation. DNA and the gene are the reason that we look the way we do. DNA is structured in a certain fashion and functions in a certain fashion. Genes are used for forensics and genetic engineering. DNA can also be mutated, causing deformities. Gregor Mendel is known as the founder of genetics. RNA is also heavily used in replication. There are several types of RNA. The process in which RNA is copied is called RNA transcription.
DNA has a specific structure composed of nucleotides. Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base. A DNA molecule is made up of two polynucleotide chains, forming a double helix. Adenine pairs up with thymine to make one nucleotide chain and guanine is always paired with cytosine to make another nucleotide chain. In viruses, DNA molecules can have anywhere from 5,000 to over 200,000 nucleotides. A human cell contains more than 3 billion pairs of linked nucleotides. The DNA molecule is very tightly packaged. The packed form of DNA is a chromosome. DNA unwinds so that it can be copied.
An organism’s complete set of nuclear DNA is its genomes. The function of DNA is hereditary instructions determining the sequence of amino acids and making up …show more content…

Mutations are permanent changes of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or DNA with extra chromosomes. Mutations can be caused by radiation, certain chemicals, sunlight, temperature, using drugs or alcohol while pregnant, an extra chromosome in DNA, a missing chromosome in DNA, and many other things. The resulting change in nucleotides is called genetic mutation. Some mutations are harmful, and some even fatal. Some mutations have developed entirely new species. Mutations can cause autism, hemophilia, albinism, Huntington’s disease, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia and many other

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