How Chemistry Work In Skittles

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How can chemistry work in skittles? Chemistry works everywhere in our daily life, even in the small pieces of candies like skittles. To illustrate how this works, here will be five ingredients that had been chosen from skittles --- sugar, corn syrup, citric acid and sodium citrate, titanium dioxide.
The first and the biggest part in skittles is sugar. Sugar is the ingredient that gives the main sweet taste in skittles. More specifically, the sugar in skittles is called sucrose, commonly named table sugar. The formula of sucrose is C12H22O11 which is covalent. It’s white, sweet, odorless solid and the melting point is 186 。C. It’s non-toxic, flammable and react with heat, acid, base, and yeast. Though sugar is non-toxic, it still can be hazardous …show more content…

The ingredients that make the taste work are citric acid and sodium citrate. They have similar appearance and density which is white to colorless crystal or powder and 1.7 g/cm3 They are both non-toxic ingredients, and both of them are giving skittles a tart taste. Even the hazards of them are similar, too. They are irritant, especially to eye and skin. So what are the difference between them? Sodium citrate does two more things in candies --- preservative and regulate the tartness so that the tartness will not be too sharp. The formula of citric acid is C6H8O7 which is a covalent bond, but Sodium citrate is ionic because of the sodium. The formula for sodium citrate is Na3C6H5O7. Citric acid is flammable with the flash point 155 。C. It also reacts with acid, alkali, and glycerin. The Std enthalpy of formation for citric acid is -1548.8 KJ/mol. Sodium Citrate is less hygroscopic than citric acid, but higher a much higher melting point. Citric acid causes two more hazards because of its different properties : too much citric acid causes calcium deposit and excretion in human body and can form explosive mixture with air because it’s

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