An explosion is a type of spontaneous chemical reaction that once it is initiated it will be driven by both a large exothermic change and a large positive entropy change in going from reactants to products, thereby constituting a thermodynamically process in which it propagates very rapidly, but in some cases the rate decreases thereby resulting in a slower depleting form of the explosive.
Throughout past to modern time we are constantly hearing about different explosives being used to cause destruction and mayhem. But there are many types of explosives that all fall into four main groups, Primary, Low, High, and Blasting Agents. In history though early thermal weapons, such as Greek fire, have existed since ancient times, the first widely used explosive in warfare and mining was black powder, which was invented during 9th century China. This material was sensitive to water, and was evolved in causing lots of dark smoke and pollution. The first useful offical explosive was stronger than black powder and they called it nitroglycerin, which was developed in 1847. As nitroglycerin was unstable, it was replaced by nitrocellulose, a smokeless powdered dynamite and gelignite. In World War I saw the introduction of trinitrotoluene in naval shells. But in World War II it was seen as an extensive use of new explosives. In turn, these have largely been replaced by modern explosives such as C-4 , nitrate fuel oil mixtures and ammonium nitrate-base water gels now account for seventy percent of the explosive market .The increased availability of chemicals has allowed the construction of improvised explosive devices to increase over time. In which leaving the explosive substance that contains a large amount of energy to be stored in a chemical ...
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...ion. Although they are depicted through color it doesn't literally mean that the water will only turn those two specific colors when contaminated by the chemicals of the explosives. All of the colors depend on the light to help it evolve into something different or change different chemical composition that are presented at the time. Also the principal contaminants in the pinkwater is trinitrotoluene and cyclotrimethylene trinitramine which are transferred from discharges from the army ammunition plant.Some are under ambient environmental conditions with explosives being highly persistent in soils and groundwater, they are now showing a resistance to naturally occurring volatilization, biodegradation, and hydrolysis. Which is making it harder to get clean water in poor economic cities due to the amount of contamination from the chemicals released from the explosive.
McVeigh to the crime…” (LA Times). This evidence includes a pair of ear buds recovered from McVeigh after he was detained for operating a vehicle without a license plate and possession of a concealed weapon. It is the intent of the prosecution to show that the ear buds contained trace amounts of pentaerythritol tetranitrate which is often found at the site of bombings as well as nitroglycerin and ethylene glycol dinitrate, which are used in high explosives and the production of dynamite (LA
Looking back at how the chemical weaponry expanded starting in the beginning of World War 1, it all began with Tear gas which was used by the French in August of 1914. Those techniques have been used in ancient times. Moving forward eight months in to the war the Germans have been giving great study in to the development of chemical weapons due to the first usage from the French and witnessed its great effectiveness and were the first to use it in a large scale.
"Federation of American Scientists :: Types of Chemical Weapons." Federation of American Scientists. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 May 2010.
In 1044 AD Zeng Gongliang and Yang Weide wrote a treatise called “Wujing Zongyao” or “Collection of the Most Important Military Techniques” in which several formulas for making powerful blasting powder with a large percentage of nitrate were contained. These experiments with and improvements of gunpowder formulas led to more powerful weapons, including bombs (Needham, Joseph (1986e), Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7: Military Technology; The Gunpowder Epic, Cambridge: Cambridge University
Since man’s first experiences with fire we have longed to control it and we wished to will it to do our bidding. For very long we failed mostly, and we still do sometimes, but with the trials and experiments we have done and died doing, we succeed now, mostly. The first formula that is still written down of an “explosive or pyrotechnic composition” are the three examples of gunpowder in the 1044A.D. Chinese military guide Wujing Zongyao which showed a few uses of this powder they had experimented with for near a hundred years. The most used formula from it was approximately 50% KNO3, also known as Saltpeter in those times, and formally called Potassium nitrate today, ~25% S, Sulfur, and ~25% carbonaceous matter (mostly charcoal and compounds mixed with impure sulfur); the other formulas move the percentages for the KNO3 around 10-15%, S 5-10%, and carbonaceous 7-20% to adjust burn rates and usefulness in certain situations. The likely only reason gunpowder was ever invented was the Chinese’s wish to live long, and their many mixtures of elixirs, which was what gunpowder was intended to be used as (more-pyrotechnics.com). “Within 200 years China had several crude weapons, mostly huge iron or alternative metal barrels and maybe a wooden grip but with no aiming attachment. They also had very many types of fireworks using no telling how many formulae for devices ranging in size, color, and purpose. People in Europe hear of this powder and its power, and then slowly find out more“(more-pyrotechnics.com). Then by 300 years they had better arsenals, larger cannons that actually worked well, and better, lighter barrels. The Indians and Islamic nations have made use of this by now, neither surpassing China’s previous ones nor Europe’s futu...
Fries, A. A., & West, C. J. (1921). Chemical warfare,. New York [etc.: McGraw-Hill book company, inc..
Both 1984 and The Handmaid’s Tale are dystopian novels, however, these books are a lot more complex than mere portrayals of dystopia, it can be argued that they are explorations of dystopia rather than mere portrayals. In order to explore dystopia, many themes must be considered, such as; feminism, love and repression. Nonetheless, it is apparent that human characteristics are the driving point of the two novels, predominantly, the depiction of human resilience. In an imperfect world, it is important to have certain qualities which, if plentiful, it can mean success, whereas if it lacks, it can mean failure, this characteristic is resilience. The protagonists in each novel, Winston in 1984 and Offred in The Handmaid’s Tale face situations which leave them both in disarray, and both even consider suicide. The authors tentatively highlight human resilience, its limits and most importantly its strengths into the two novels.
“You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view – until you climb into his skin and walk around in it.” Harper Lee identifies many charcters in the beginning of this book. She was very descriptive of all the characters in the beginning of the book. Each character was described from Scout’s point of view. Throughout the book, Lee lets the reader see some of the characters in their natural environments. They are still written through Scout’s eyes, but instead of passing by them on the sidewalk, Scout is in their home sitting with them, or hearing personal stories about them. Three of these characters that Scout points out specifically are Jem Finch, Aunt Alexandra, and Tom Robinson.
Mustard gas was not the only example of chemical weaponry used during World War I. The first example of this was the Germans use of a gas called phosgene in mid-1915, which caused drastic damage to the lungs (Mack 2). The Germans began using mustard gas in 1916 and soon both sides began to use poison gas as a weapon. At a lab at American University, which at its peak employed over 1,200 scientists specifically to create chemical weapons for the war, a new gas called Lewisite was developed. Lewisite poisoned its victims through the skin and rendered gas masks useless against it. During the war as many as 50 different gases were used by both sides (Mack 2). When the war e...
Kleber, B. (2003). The chemical warfare service: Chemicals in combat. Office of the Chief of
The traditional high school A-F grading system no longer reflects an accurate measurement of student success. Providing a new system where grades are measured by the rank of the student in the class will provide a system more honest than before, it will benefit students and prospective colleges. Changing the grading scale to a system where students are ranked from a curve based off the total percentage of points potentially earned in the course.
In the story it says “ Then I really exploded. I could felt it coming but there any way I could stop it”. The “explosion” of frustration that she had inside of her unhappy lifestyle due to
Blow out Blow Out is a mystery thriller film from 1981 featuring John Travolta and Nancy Allen. It is both written and directed by Brian De Palma, who has since also directed movies such as Mission: Impossible and Scarface. To begin with, I think this film was very interesting to watch.
A bomb is a container filled with an explosive, incendiary matter, or gas that can be dropped, hurled, or set in place to be detonated by an attached exploding device. It may range in design from a homemade device used by terrorists, assassins, or clandestine raiders to a sophisticated weapon of war. The original bomb, an ancestor of the hand-thrown GRENADE, was a simple container filled with black powder (see GUNPOWDER), which was set off by a fuse lit by the thrower. In the 16th century, the Dutch invented a more sophisticated version, the MORTAR bomb, a round iron container filled with black powder that was set off when a fuse was ignited by the detonation of a propelling charge in the base of the mortar tube. By varying the length of the fuse, the bomb's time of detonation could be adjusted; thus, a bomb could burst in air.