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Essay on digestion of starch
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Jakob Wenman
Lab 7: Yeast Metabolism
BIOL 1220
Section: 001
3/11/14
TA: Paul Williams
Introduction:
Yeasts are able to convert carbon sources, like sugars, into ethanol, without air. Yeasts also change sugars into carbon dioxide and water, when air is present (Leady. 2014). When cellular respiration requires oxygen, it is known as aerobic cellular respiration (Leady. 2014). Carbon counts are important because they give the number of carbons in monosaccharide molecules. Glucose has a carbon count of six. Fructose has a carbon count of six. Sucrose has a carbon count of twelve (Leady. 2014).
Question: Which form of yeast will produce the highest amount of gas?
Hypothesis: Yeast metabolizes simple carbohydrates than it does complex carbohydrates.
Prediction: I predict that Fructose, Glucose, and Sucrose will produce more gas than Starch.
Methods:
The methods used for this lab came from Leady, B. (2014) Fundamentals of Life Science Lab Manual. Toledo, Ohio: University of Toledo. No changes were made.
Results:
At the end of the 30 minute time period, the starch solution ...
Rate of Respiration in Yeast Aim: I am going to investigate the rate of respiration of yeast cells in the presence of two different sugar solutions: glucose, sucrose. I will examine the two solutions seeing which one makes the yeast respire faster. I will be able to tell which sugar solution is faster at making the yeast respire by counting the number of bubbles passed through 20cm of water after the yeast and glucose solutions have been mixed. Prediction: I predict that the glucose solution will provide the yeast with a better medium by which it will produce a faster rate of respiration. This is because glucose is the simplest type of carbohydrate (monosaccharide).
Eastfield College Microbiology Laboratory Manual, 1st edition, Oliver, T. D. (Book Must Be Purchased New from Eastfield Bookstore and Cannot Be Sold Back to Bookstore at the End of the Semester), Kendall Hunt Publishing, 2013, Dubuque, IA. ISBN 9781465223784.
They even suggested that glucose slows the uptake of fructose if the two sugars are present in the same solution. Enzymatic carriers on the cell membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have a higher affinity for glucose. The experiment also indicates the necessity for sucrose to be broken down into fructose and glucose before it go through glycoosis and prepare for fermentation (Verstrepen et al., 2004). Congruent to our hypothesis and prediction, glucose has been shown to produce the highest amount of carbon dioxide during
All references and resources are taken from the Public Library of Science, Biology March 2004 issue and from Science March 16, 2004
Janick. J. (2011). Center for New Crops & Plant Products - Department of Horticulture and
Introduction: Respiration, commonly known as the inhalation, exhaling or breathing, has a little known definition. This is the definition that involves the cellular level of eukaryotic cells. Cellular respiration may best be described by the following equation: C6h1206+602-6CO2+6H20+36ATP. ATP is the energy needed for a cell to function as part of cellular respiration. ATP is needed to power the cell processes.
Cain, M. L., Urry, L. A., & Reece, J. B. (2010). Campbell Biology. Benjamin Cummings.
== § Test tubes X 11 § 0.10 molar dm -3 Copper (II) Sulphate solution § distilled water § egg albumen from 3 eggs. § Syringe X 12 § colorimeter § tripod § 100ml beaker § Bunsen burner § test tube holder § safety glasses § gloves § test tube pen § test tube method = == = =
Although not shown in the fermentation reaction, numerous other end products are formed during the course of fermentation Simple Sugar → Ethyl Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide C6 H12 O6 → 2C H3 CH2 OH + 2CO2 The basic respiration reaction is shown below. The differences between an-aerobic fermentation and aerobic respiration can be seen in the end products. Under aerobic conditions, yeasts convert sugars to
When humans consume plants, the carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are broken down through two forms of cellular respiration. The two processes of cellular respiration displayed in humans are anaerobic and aerobic. The deciding process used depends on the presence of oxygen. Cellular respiration converts the material into a useable energy called ATP. ATP is the energy form that cells can use to perform their various functions, and it can also be stored for later use.
Campbell, N. A. & J. B. Reece, 8th eds. (2008). Biology. San Francisco: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
In order to maintain living conditions, organisms must synthesize numerous carbon-based molecules such as protein, fats, sugars, cellulose, etc.
The above information was taken from Biology, Neil Campbell, et. al., New York: Addison Wesley, 1999, p.316.
This method is achieved by determining the turbidity of different concentrations of microorganisms in liquid media. A standard curve can then be drawn, in which specific turbidity O.D reading is matched to species number of viable organisms.