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Change and continuity of tang and song dynasty
Compare and contrast the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty
Compare and contrast the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty
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In the time period of 960-1279 CE, there was a dynasty that was founded. The new founded dynasty was the Song Dynasty. The leader, Sung T’ai Tsu, had belief in a new way to run China. He believed that the best way to run China was to have a well trained government, having a civil war system, etc. They did not try to stay in power with by keeping a strong military to put down any rebellions. Song Dynasty took power after rebellions and Tang onTang warfare (civil war) tore apart the Tang Dynasty. If someone wanted to work for the government, he/she had to take an exam called the civil service examination. The men in the Song Dynasty studied for YEARS. Very few men passed the exam. These exams were given out every three years. The Song Dynasty had a good start to their Dynasty.
Before the Song Dynasty existed, there was another dynasty. This dynasty was call the Tang
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One of the ways that the Dynasties were similar was how they both wanted to become good rulers. They wanted their people to think that they are good rulers and that they could trust them. Another thing is that they both wanted a good way of ruling in China. The Tang Dynasty believed that by studying confucianism government officials would become better leaders. The Song Dynasty believed that the best way to run China was to have a well trained government, having a civil war system, etc. Lastly, they both had systems in China to make life easier for the people. In the Tang Dynasty, they had a confucius political system. These principles encouraged education and rewarded people for their dedication and quality of work rather for their family into which they were born. The Song Dynasty used a civil service system. Civil service means people are chosen to serve in the government based on ability, not by what family they came from or how wealthy they are. In conclusion, the dynasties, Song and Tang, were compared in many ways that are
One of the eras of a majestic ancient civilization that has left a lasting impression upon the world of today is the Chinese Song Dynasty. Established by General Zhao Kuangyin this dynasty lasted from 960–1279 AD and brought a new stability to China after many decades of civil war, and ushered in a new era of modernization. It was divided into the Bei (Northern) and the Nan (Southern) Song periods. This brilliant cultural epoch gave birth to major advances in economic reform, achievements in technology, and helped to further medical knowledge.
During 600 B.C.E to 600 C.E, very ambitious and powerful empires rose. Two of those empires were the Han and Roman empires. Both empires were backed by a strong army and influential leaders. Even though there similarities, they were quite different on how each ruler gave their empire control and where they put themselves in their empire.
Before the Communist Revolution, China had a dynastic system for their form of government. A dynastic system consisted of China being ruled by emperors and it started around 221 BC. The first known dynasty in China is the Shang Dynasty. The social classes included the upper class of nobles, the working class, and slaves. In the Shang Dynasty, China was well- known for their well- organized armies and the chariots they used. Their system of writing consisted of pictures called ideograms, pictograms and phonograms. The dynastic system left China in 1911 when the Qing Dynasty ended. A republican form of government was introduced where warlords governed the country. This type of government was weak for China and Sun Yat-sen, the leader of the Nationalist Party, searched for help from other countries to try to bring down the warlords. Unfortunately, western countries did not give their help, and China went to the Soviet Union for help instead. The Soviet Union agreed to help them out but they pushed for China to become communist. This decision eventually led to the civil war that occurred in China.
The rulers should not burden everything alone and their family should help them. this indicates that in past rulers had difficulties facing problems alone and the advice for later on rulers is to have their family help them. For the sake of country, emperor should listen to advices of high officials and does not have a direct link to information. The king in Tang was obligated to listen and could not do anything he wishes. It means, previous kings might have done as they pleased and it affected the country badly. Later source tells us demanded characteristics of an emperor; generous, majestic, disciplined and thoughtful. The emperor is not someone that will only rule, he is expected to be a father of the country. Rather than a dictator, the demanded emperor is wise and kind man. He is also expected to be wise enough to choose right person for its task. The clever idea of helping emperor to rule the country was successful during Zhou dynasty. “Formerly when the Zhou dynasty was at its height, the empire was divided among the royal clan. Nearby there was Jin and Zheng to help; far off there was Lu and Wei”. This strategy was helpful one and we can conclude that government depended on royal family alone. Although, emperor had to listen to his advisers, the royal family was the only rulers. Nevertheless, since humans are greedy if you
The Sui dynasty reigned from 581 – 618 A.D. The emperor built monasteries for both Buddhism and Daoism throughout the land, and appointed Buddhist monks as his key advisors. (Duiker, & Spielvogel, 2009) The Han system of examination based on the Confucian classics were revived. Taxation was reformed, and a census was introduced to create equitable tax collection. Also, a land grant was given to every taxable male. Once a male turned 60 years old, part of the land was returned to the government, the rest could be passed on to his heirs. (Halsall, 1998) This was also a time of great building. During the Sui, the Great wall was rebuilt, and the Grand Canal was constructed. Connecting the Huang, Huai, and Yangtze rivers, the Grand Canal had a huge impact on travel, trade, and socialization in China.
They were made of stone with wooden lattices around it. The buildings were taller and thinner with high spires. “The tulou in the picture has 53 rooms on each level… These apartment houses were popular because they were efficient to build and heat, using very little wood…” Therefore, the Song may not have been as sturdy as the Tang’s pagodas but the Song Dynasty did create apartment Complexes similar to Pagodas called tulou’s, which seems very intelligent. “Palaces and temples were at first designed in the Tang tradition, sturdy and relatively simple in detail though smaller in scale… however, became progressively more complex.” The Song Dynasty is similar to the Tang because it kept progressing and becoming more of a complex advanced
Throughout all dynasties technology has majorly advanced and caused hurdling development throughout the Song, Tang, and Ming dynasties. The Tang dynasty (618-906) cherished a golden Age of innovation and success in science and technology culminating into the Song dynasty (960-1279). The broad exchange of goods and information through the Tang dynasty, with a high value placed on observation and examination, defined the Song and set the footing for vigorous scientific innovation. From these strong and advanced dynasties, the Ming was propelled forward in more creation and innovation setting a successful path forward for more to come. The scientific and technological advances made throughout the Tang, Song and Ming period utilized significant
The Shang Dynasty’s biggest contribution to China was their mastery of bronze. The Shang Dynasty began around 1600 c, which was also the time that bronze was being perfected by artisans in the middle class because they wanted to improve their religious practices and military. “The Shang Dynasty is the name given by Chinese historians to that line of king that preceded the Chou,”.(James). The Shang dynasty was made up kings and nobles and they were the ones that ruled over the common workers.
In the Dynastic cycle, the Shang and Zhou Dynasties of ancient China showed similar periods of decline. They had both similarities and differences. Both Dynasties had an authoritarian type of government, Which means that they both have one main ruler with lots of power that gives only a little power to the government. Starting off, there were many similarities between the Shang and Zhou dynasties. During their rule, both Shang and Zhou leaders started ignoring the needs of the people and not only the poor. Both leaders only cared about their wealth and not the problems of the people. They started giving only a little money to the wealth. Well, both Dynasties were similar in some way they also had some differences. After Shang rulers started
Today we can look around ourselves and see thousands of technical innovations that make life easier; But if we take a step back and ask ourselves “How?” we will soon realize that most often, these technological advancements did not just “poof” into existence, but are usually the outcome of building upon yesterday’s technology. If we follow this cycle back into time, we can attribute almost any modern day invention to an ancient civilization during its golden age. China was no exception. China’s Song and Tang dynasties fostered scientific advances comparable to Rome’s during its Pax Romana. The most significant and impacting of these were the development of primitive gunpowder and porcelain of the Tang and paper money, and the magnetic compass of the Song Dynasties. Although these may seem very far off, if you look hard enough, you can see traces of their impacts in society today because most of the advancements today we owe to them.
The Tang Dynasty’s rise is similar to the rise of the Han Dynasty, which began over 800 years earlier. The first emperor of the tang, Kao-tsu (618-626 C.E.), implemented many of the practices and ideas established during the Sui Dynasty. Emperor Kao-tsu carried on the tradition of local government rule, and also awarded each adult male in China equal amounts of land, in exchange for taxes. Emperor Taizong, who began rule in 626 C.E., was the son of Kao-tsu, also played an important role in the economic expansion of China and ruled during the beginning decades of the Tang. Emperor Taizong’s reign beg...
The Song dynasty began in 960, It had to periods the northern and southern. This dynasty was known for their famous construction of gardens. As well a prosperous economy and radiant culture. The emperor Zhao Ji was a patron of the arts, collected different types of rocks and trees. He had a garden built in the principles of feng shui, also included an imitation mountain that was around 200 feet high. The Northern Song Empire fell to a rival clan 1126 and was forced to move to the south. Soon after established a new capital in Hangzhou, this is where the landscape became more gentle and lyrical, as represented in the poems and paintings of the period. The change of landscape was very influential in the gardens during this time. For example “Masters of Nets garden was constructed by shi zhengzshi a civil servant minister of the southern...
The origin of Chinese music can be track back to 7,000 to 8,000 years ago due to the discover of remains of instrument .In Xia Dynasty, in 2,000 B.C. , Chinese music began to be visible in recorded history. Back then, only the royal families and dignitary officials enjoyed music and the music was used for performing rituals since Chinese music was part of the Confucian tradition. In Confucianism, music is one of the six art(六藝), which includes calligraphy, etiquette , riding , archery, mathematics and music. During the Tang Dynasty(618-907), dancing and singing became the mainstream, which made music not a privilege to rich people anymore, it spread from the royal court to the common people. Also, with the influence from foreign religions such as Buddhism and Islam, their music were also absorbed into Chinese music. In Song Dynasty(960-1279), the original opera such as Zaju and Nanxi was formed and performed in tearooms, theaters, and showplaces. Chinese opera had been developed rapidly and diversely during Ming (1368-1644 ) and Qing Dynasties ( 1644-1911). The Chinese opera became very wide spread, different regions have developed their own opera style.
rules and laws that applied only to those who were peasants. The laws sort of boosted their lives; he kept the land tax low, and the granaries stocked to guard against famine. During his reign he also attempted and succeeded in building up the class of those of the peasant and working class. Hongwu’s new government did not cause any change for those in other social classes.