MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION Molecular biology is to characterize the structure, function and relationships between two types of macromolecules, DNA and proteins. This relatively limited definition will suffice to allow us to establish a date for the so-called "molecular revolution", or at least to establish a chronology of its most fundamental developments (Walker, 2009) .At the heart of this definition is the idea of the gene, this concept dates back to the decade
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology are fundamental to the life science...” Biochemistry and molecular Biology are the study of the chemical components of cells, in order to give ease for humans to decipher the process involved in the genetic and molecular structure and function of cells. Biochemistry is involved with the chemical aspect of cell characteristics, which is imperative when the study of human physiology is involved. Molecular biology is the study of cell at a molecular level, which can
In 1970 Francis Crick published a paper in the science journal Nature on the central dogma of molecular biology, presenting the normal flow of genetic information, as shown in Figure 1 (Crick, 1970). Although many discoveries have been made since then, the main idea still stands: every organism uses its own DNA sequence to synthesize its proteins (Crick, 1970). In order to function properly, the genome has to be kept unblemished, any damage can potentially affect a protein’s structure, interfering
lipids, proteins, RNA, glycans, and small molecules that have defined molecular properties and biological activities. Every cell has the ability to respond to its environment and to communicate with other cells to create organs, tissues, and whole organisms. Cell and Molecular Biology is a field that bridges the fields of chemistry, structure and biology as it pursues to comprehend life and cellular developments at the molecular level. It’s important to determine the mechanisms that allow cells to
to cell and molecular biology when I was a child, when my uncle gave me a microscope for Christmas. I was enthralled by the intricacy of biological structures, and curious as to how the hidden architecture of living things contributes to their function. When I entered high school, I was surprised at how much information in biology was still unknown or unclear. To pursue these answers, I studied beyond what was required of my classes, even to the point of individually learning AP biology. Despite my
microorganisms on our lives must be accepted unanimously. Such a fact is simply awe inspiring and rhymed with my predilection to biology, encouraging me to build up an academic interest in bioscience, particularly microbiology. Since my secondary studies, the interesting facts and findings of biology caught my attention more than any other fields of science. My inclination toward biology was reflected by perfect grades during my secondary and post-secondary studies. During my undergrad studies from University
relationships between them, wondering about possible explanations, and keep exploring and learning. I have been always interested in Biology; I had a participation in an International Biology Olympiad in 2011, which lead me to decide to pursue a scientific career. The training for the Olympiad was which pulled the trigger in my mind and made me focus on all the incredible molecular mechanisms inside a cell, and I chose Biomedical Research in order to understand how the cells work so coordinately to accomplish
length scales. Still until recently we knew very little about one of the most complex aspects of life – microbes and infection. Now we are at the dawn of efflorescence in molecular biology, which provides an excellent basis for application into several areas of biology like cancer and virology . Revelations of molecular biology become extremely crucial, as they provide insights into the way molecules work. Having completed an inspiring five-year course in veterinary sciences,1993-1999 from college
stoichiometry. Stoichiometry is vital to biochemists because they need to know how to balance certain substances to achieve the reaction they want. Since they are also working on the molecular
perceived as a valuable gift and not as a hard duty.” The most influential teachers I recall made learning fascinating and I would like to instill this upon my future students. My passion for biology originated while working for a veterinary hospital at age fourteen. Therefore, I intend to pursue Secondary Biology certification as I posses many attributes required of a teacher and have always had high aspirations of becoming one. During the course of my academic career at West Chester University, I
affinity towards science, in particular, the life sciences. While my childhood was spent dabbling in various activities, be it music, dance, sports, dramatics, quizzes or art, the one constant has always been my deep fascination with biology. This is what led me to choose biology and IT as my two high school specializations. The brief glimpse of what I got in my two years at high school left me in no doubt that Biotechnology Engineering was the field I wanted to pursue in my undergraduate studies. This
Histopathology and molecular pathology both fall within the medical science branch of pathology where the primary concern is the examination of tissues, body fluids, and organs to aid in the diagnosis of diseases. Histopathology favours biopsies ‘fixed’ on glass slides for examination whereas molecular pathology concentrates its efforts at a molecular and genetic level to aid in diagnosis. For: Sharing certain aspects of practice with other disciplines of pathology like clinical pathology, anatomic
helps illuminate the way to the future, and what is possible from the upcoming generation of smarter, more educated, and more enthusiastic biologists! It also brings the possibility of another Dolly to occur, probably by a student who took an AP Biology class with Sr.Hareem Reza, the world has yet to discover!
the development and introduction of molecular-based techniques into the labora... ... middle of paper ... ...nd Notomi, T. (2009) 'Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP): a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic method for infectious diseases.', J Infect Chemother, 15(2), pp. 62-69. Muldrew, K.L. (2009) 'Molecular diagnostics of infectious diseases',Curr Opin Pediatr, 21(1), pp. 102-111. Rastogi, G. and Sani, R.K. (2011) 'Chapter 2 :Molecular Techniques to Assess Microbial Community
The discovery and characterization of restriction enzymes first took place in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s. The scientists responsible for the discovery were molecular biologists Werner Arber, Hamilton Smith and Daniel Nathans. In the late 60’s Arber observed a sharp change in the bacteriophage DNA he had been working with after it invaded resistant strains of bacteria. It had been cut into pieces and degraded. He hypothesized that bacteria could express two different enzymes: one that recognizes
Method As per molecular biology manual 2015 but the following changes did occur. Setting up of Restriction Digest Restriction Enzyme Buffer Xho I D Sal I D Sac I Y Double Digest – Xho I and Sac I DD • The following restriction enzymes and buffers were used: • The samples
Key points: • Transcription factors are proteins that help turn specific genes "on" or "off" by binding to nearby DNA. • Transcription factors that are activators boost a gene's transcription. Repressors decrease transcription. • Groups of transcription factor binding sites called enhancers and silencers can turn a gene on/off in specific parts of the body. • Transcription factors allow cells to perform logic operations and combine different sources of information to "decide" whether to express a
Comparison of Size Exclusion and Affinity Chromatography In molecular cell biology experiments, accuracy is one of the most important factors in obtaining reproducible results. A luxury not afforded to molecular cell biologists is the ability to easily manipulate samples since the material they deal with is at a microscopic level. Proteins represent a unique opportunity for study because of their intrinsic relation to the central dogma of biology. However proteins are just one subset of macromolecules
individual nucleotides present in molecules of DNA or RNA isolated from animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, or virtually any other source of genetic information. This information is useful to various fields of biology and other sciences, medicine, forensics, and other areas of study. Molecular
Personalized medicine through the development of modern methods of molecular biology offers application of a suitable drug to the appropriate patient at the right time. The vision of personalized medicine has begun in 1990’s when the molecular research and knowledge about proteomic, genomics and genetic testing escalated. Since then pharmaceutical com-panies, scientists and regulators needed to meet the challenges that the vision was bringing with. Right now “The era of personalised medicine is already