Data Compression I. Introduction In the modern era known as the “Information Age,” forms of electronic information are steadily becoming more important. Unfortunately, maintenance of data requires valuable resources in storage and transmission, as even the presence of information in storage re-quires some power. However, some of the largest files are those that are in formats re-plete with repetition, and thus are larger than they need to be. The study of data compres-sion is the science which
systems (PMS) can work effectively only when they are constructed by organically combining all activities concerned with road pavement (planning, design, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, evaluation, economic analysis, and research) and the data bank [1]. Then, the most important items are the establishment of a serviceability index, which represents pavement quality, and a prediction of performance, which is represented by the relation between time (and/or traffic) and the index. Pavement
Lossless compression of audio is being popular during the last few decades due to rapid and advanced technology of high quality sound production improved. Lossless compression is a class of compression algorithms that allows the original data to be reconstructed perfectly from the compressed one while for lossy compression, it permits reconstruction only approximate to the original one and it is commonly allows for improved compression rates and smaller in file size. Speech coding can be defined
Image compression and encryption has been a great area of interest since images are being used as one of the most valuable information source in many areas like medical application, military application, space science application and many more. There are three types of image namely binary image, grayscale image and colour image. Binary image has only two intensity levels black and white, whereas grayscale images have 256 intensity level and colour images have various colour map each of which have
medical imaging modalities are X-ray radiography, Magnetic resonance imaging, Medical ultrasound, Computed tomography etc. Since, these images contain clinical data of extreme importance for treatment follow-ups and are acquired at cost of radiation exposure, infrastructure, money and time involved. Thus, once acquired, the medical imaging data should not be disposed off casually, instead it should be retained so that it can be utilized for various medical applications and the chances of repeated testing
Image Compression is used to reduce the number of bits required to represent an image or a video sequence. A Compression algorithm takes an input X and generates compressed information that requires fewer bits. The Decompression algorithm reconstructs the compressed information and gives the original. A compression of medical image is an important area of biomedical and telemedicine.In the medical application image study and data compression are quickly developing field with rising applications
Codec Essay Introduction: This Essay will discuss Codecs; it will explain the definition of codecs and their functions and include a brief history on digital signals, equipment and standards. It will also discuss compression and compression formats such as Lossless and Lossy and files such as FLAC and ALAC History of Codecs: Equipment The history of audio recording first started on 6th December 1877 when Thomas Edison made the very first recording of a human voice singing Mary had a little lamb “on
compresses compact disc audio to approximately 1/5 of the original data rate with virtually no loss in sound quality. 1 Introduction -------------- Recently, there has been an increasing consumer demand for a portable recordable high-quality digital audio media. The MiniDisc system was developed to meet this demand. The MiniDisc is based on a 64 mm optical or magneto-optical disc which has approximately 1/5 of the data storage capacity of a standard compact disc. Despite the reduced
efficient tool for image compression, Wavelet transform gives multiresolution image decomposition. which can .be exploited through vector quantization to achieve high compression ratio. For vector quantization of wavelet coefficients vectors are formed by either coefficients at same level, different location or different level, same location. This paper compares the two methods and shows that because of wavelet properties, vector quantization can still improve compression results by coding only important
without the use of compression technology, sound recordings will take up much bigger spaces than the compact files that we enjoy today. It is to be recalled that what was once a 12-15 track CD is now conveniently able to store hundreds of tracks due to compaction. Moreover, without sound recording, there is no way that we will be able to hear tracks of our favorite bands without attending to their concerts. An understanding of hearing, sound and its conversion into digital data is essential to properly
The purpose of image compression is to represent images with less data in order to save storage costs or transmission time. Without compression, file size is significantly larger, usually several megabytes, but with compression it is possible to reduce file size to 10 percent from the original without noticeable loss in quality. Image compression can be lossless or lossy. Lossless compression means that you are able to reconstruct the exact original data from the compressed data. Image quality is not
PROBLEM DEFINITION Image compression is the art and science of reducing the amount of data required to represent an image. The purpose for image compression is to reduce the amount of data required for representing sampled digital images and therefore reduce the cost for storage and transmission. Image compression plays a key role in many important applications, including image database, image communications, remote sensing. LZW compression, one of the lossless image compression methods and invented
Compression means the decrease in size of information with a specific end goal to save storage space or transmission time over the network. For information transmission, compression can be performed on simply the information content or on the whole transmission unit depending upon various elements. Content compression can be as simple as removing all extra space characters, embedding a single reused character
of binary digits in computer memory and along with this medical imaging require communicating and manipulating such large amounts of digital data in a regular manner. So there is an immense need of reducing the electronic storage required for archiving and/or transmitting digital medical images. One way of achieving this goal is through compressing the data/image before storage and
Portable network graphics Good quality high compatibility .medium files size lossless compression Used for web or screen applications good compromise between file size and quality Higher quality for printing PSD Native Photoshop file format Preserves composition info layers effects selections and so on generally only readable by Photoshop application large file size limited comparability File compression (a) WinZip As you can see I have zipped (compressed) my year 10 DGT folders and
managing of software and hardware resources in the system. So if we were to use a desktop computer in th... ... middle of paper ... ... like roaming, cataloguing, copying, cutting, moving etc. Hex Editors: Allows the user to directly modify the data or text of a file. Memory testers: Regular checks for memory failures. Network utilities: Used to analyse and configure various aspects of computer networks. Registry Cleaners: Cleaning and optimizing of the windows Registry by removing old registry
individually on layers and add effects to the images to change how each one looks. In accounting we had to do balance sheets at home we were allowed to use the computer and I used excel because it lets you draw things up in charts easy and look at your data as a whole clearly it also saves time by not making you do calculations yourself because you can get it to add up all the figure in a column or row. In digital we had to do a website conceptual design and do a design thing of our websites we planned
categories: The Rectification and Restoration, Enhancement and Information Extraction. The Rectification deals with incipient processing of raw image data to correct for geometric distortion, to calibrate the data radiometrically and to eliminate noise present in the data. The enhancement procedures are applied to image data in order to display the data for subsequent visual interpretation effectively. It involves various techniques for increasing the visual distinction between features in a scene
Background and aim : Skeletal muscle is reduced in various chronic disease states resulting in sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is an objective and measurable clinical marker for malnutrition. Slice-O- Matic has been used to measure skeletal muscle from computed tomography (CT) images. However, it is expensive and not easily available. In this study, we measure skeletal muscle mass from CT images using Adobe Photoshop and compare it to Slice-O-Matic in order to realiably validate a novel and more cost-effective
Storage Methods Music is all around us. It is interesting to see the progress of technology in music and how it has shaped our culture. Wax Cylinders Wax cylinders (vinyl) have a mechanical method of recording and playing music. The data on the cylinder is stored linearly. It senses the transducer signal (vibrations) of the record and transmits it to a diaphragm. Sound was recorded onto a tin foil cylinder when the idea of a phonograph was first conceived. This was done by a diaphragm