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China's economic and technological development
China's economic development essay
China's economic development essay
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China grew to be the largest and most populous country of Asia. IT developed a unique culture by being isolated and having little contact with any other civilizations. After time, its methods of production and system of government here highly advanced for its time. China’s history is shown through the ruling of several different dynasties, their schools of thought and religion, and the vast spreading of their culture to its surrounding countries. Throughout China’s history, many dynasties had their turn at ruling this immensely growing country. The Shang dynasty was the first, ruling during the Bronze Age. Bronze was used more for ritual objects like goblets, steamers, and cauldrons rather than for war. They ruled for more than two centuries when they were defeated by the Zhou. Sacrificing to their ancestors was something the Zhou and Shang had in common. During the time of the Zhou transmitted texts such as the Book of Documents existed for the first time. The early Zhou rulers set up a decentralized feudal system instead of trying to directly rule all their territories. Relatives and trusted subordinates ruled these territories and the positions became hereditary letting them pass on the position to their sons. After a long time loyalty grew more obscure and the lords became too powerful and no longer obeyed the king. An alliance of the Rong tribesmen killed the Zhou king and the Zhou Dynasty couldn’t get full control over its vassals again bringing China into what is called the Warring States Period. The states fought and destroyed each other and were in constant warfare for a long period of time before finally the Qin took over. This king invented the title “emperor” because “king” grand enough. He also adopted the legali... ... middle of paper ... ...provinces, and the appointment of governors to collect taxes from them were just some of the things they got from China. China was the most populous country of this time and influenced greatly all of its surrounding countries. Many different dynasties ruled China throughout history, and each one had its own impact on China. Each ruler had his or her own beliefs and ways of ruling that would be pressed upon the people. Even the countries around China were affected when Chinese armies would conquer them and set up their armies in their country. With the population growing tremendously, China became the largest country and a world leader economically. As China grew through history many schools of thought were introduced. Much of the Chinese culture and language was spread to its surrounding countries and even Japan. Works Cited History of World Societies
China has an extensive history that spans thousands of years and various dynasties. Each dynasty has made their own significant achievements which have contributed to the shaping of China. However, some historians believe that because China followed a "dynastic cycle" for so long, the society was unchanging and stagnant. But the fact of the matter is that China was actually undergoing massive changes within itself which would lead to the shaping of a new China.
...ntly influenced more than just the expansion of the Chinese economy, it has brought in new ideas and cultures from foreign countries that have an everlasting impact on China as a whole.
After starting the Chinese Empire, Shihuangdi based the empire on a harsh law system called legalism and was also influenced by Confucianism. Since Shihuangdi was the only ruler of the empire, the government was considered a strong central monarchy. When the Chinese empire had a good start, they expanded their territories to northern Vietnam, Korea, and the northwest steppes. Shihuangdi believed the harsher the empire the more respected, so he invested heavily into a strong military army a...
First, Qin Shi Huangdi created a new type of government, imperialism, that is considered to be the strongest and longest lived government in history. By replacing the feudalism with his new form of government, Huangdi used the values from the Analacts. He gave everything set rules and created laws to ensure the safety of his land, and Confucianism was created with a set of rules giving people boundaries and rules to follow. Second, he expanded the military. Before China was a united state, Legalist ideology was conceived of goals to increase the state ruler’s wealth and territory. Once it was united, it meant extension of polity, as explained in ‘The Qin Dynasty’, this was done in the expansion of military defence around the country instead of the separate states, protection moved from inside to the outer edges of China. In the Art of War there's an entire section devoted to energy, it explains how to conserve and properly use your strength. By moving the troops away from the, no longer present, states, he separated the chance of a civil way and tiring out his country's defence. Last, erasing diversity in language, transportation, and measuring units. During the emperor’s life, Huangdi set out to erase diversity in China. Massive change happened all throughout China. Carriages and carts were crafted to be identical, this enabled people to travel across well traveled roads and not ruin the trail. Weights and measures were unified so supplies and goods were produced and sold in all places and be priced and tax equally. And as covered before, he changed the language, an impressive feat in it’s own way. By moving all diversity, the emperor gave everyone an equal chance to define and learn, which is a teaching in the
The Shang Dynasty developed a more centralized government, but as the Zhou Dynasty took over, they ruled on the Mandate of Heaven. This “Mandate” meant that heaven would grant the Zhou power only as long as its rulers had governed wisely, if they had the support of heaven. The Zhou Dynasty contained the most feudal ruling. The king ruled the empire, but China was too big for one ruler so the king had nobles with land and power over it. As their wealth and power developed, China’s complex kingdoms developed officials. The Indus valley never let their regions gain too much power, unlike
dynasty did their own part in contributing China with political and economic changes that China
Throughout the Tang and Song Dynasties, there was a plethora of growth and progress developed over time. The dynasties generated a “Golden Age” for China as a whole, creating the strongest and most advanced country during that era. There is close to an infinite amount of points to acknowledge about how the two dynasties compare and contrast. Broadly, most of the features developed through economics, social relations, politics, and culture. Together, both dynasties lasted around 300 years. While the Tang and Song Dynasties shared alike propositions economically, they had contrasting cultural and social ideals, but despite their differences displayed how all aspects aided and expanded the overall growth.
The Han Dynasty, the amazing Chinese era to have said to unified China for over 400 years old. This era in China’s history began in 206 B.C when a rebel armies rose up against the Qin army. One rebellion, led by Chen Sheng and Wu Kuang was later joined by Xiang Liang, Xiang Yu, Ying Bu, and Peng Yue joined forces with Liu Bang. The people of the Qin Dynasty were unhappy under the rule of Qin Shihuang who was ran his empire with an iron fist. His rule was absolute and disagreeing was punishable by death, though Emperor Qin was the one who to end the Warring States as well as complete the conquering of China in 221 B.C, thus expanding the Chinese state. After the takeover, Liu Bang took the name as Emperor of China and changed his given name to Emperor Gaozu and the Qin laws were abolished.
The Han Dynasty governed China for more than four hundred years. It rose to power in 206 BC and stayed until 220 AC. The Han Dynasty played a vital role in China’s development. This dynasty pioneered a political system and social structure that lasted in China for almost 2,000 years. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire were considered two of the most strongest civilizations at that time. The Roman Empire lasted from 27 BC to 393 AD. This empire changed the way Romans lived. The Romans made rapid advancements in science and technology. Both of these civilizations successfully took control of their countries. While they both have an abundant amount of similarities, they is an overwhelming amount of differences that set these two empires apart. The decline of these two civilizations were both caused by internal affairs. The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire both ruled close to the same time span, they both had highly centralized political systems, and they both were the most advanced civilizations in their region of the world. Their similarities did not overshadow their differences however. The Roman Empire had a senate that served as their legislative body and in China, the emperors ruled over the city. The Han Dynasty implemented national equality, and used Confucianism thoughts to keep the country united, while the Romans divided their citizens into different social classes and kept ethic discrimination. While both civilizations had strong social class separators, the Roman Empire made their’s more apparent. Both civilizations were strong and advanced for their time, however, they both ruled their countries differently.
Han China and Ancient shared bureaucratic governments. This means that they had a government ruled by unelected officials, giving the people little to no say in government. In Rome the ruler was once a king but then their government transitioned to an oligarchy, which would put the rich people in the highest place in society. On the other hand in Han China, which was an imperial dynasty, and emperors were decided by the Mandate of Heaven. The Mandate gave the common man a chance to become a major ruler during the Han period. The Han government was mainly influenced by confucian government while Romes was based on Roman law and the classics. The Han government spread Confucianism since that was the basis for their government. Rome also relied on local rulers to make sure that their many lands were following rules and not plotting against them. Both the Han and Rome shared a bureaucratic government which affected their social structures in different ways.
Ancient China was one of the earliest places of human civilization. The country’s history could be described as a series of dynasties each ruled by emperors. The Han dynasty set the pattern for Chinese history by causing growth in the economy and the promotion of Confucianism as the state philosophy. The Qing dynasty was ruled by Empress Wu, but a rebellion during this dynasty ended the dynasty reign. This led to China in the 20th century which includes the Treaty of Versailles, the People’s Republic of China, and, most importantly, Communism. Sun Yat-Sen, who created the Republic of China in 1912, entered alliance with the new Comm...
In 1127, after a prince of the Song Dynasty fled across the Yangtze River to Hangzhou, the Southern Song Dynasty was established. The Southern Song Dynasty achieved a period of economic success, prosperity, and artistic creativity, despite the fact that the military was not exactly strong. The Southern Song Dynasty’s downfall did not come from problems within, but was overthrown by Mongols in 1279, marking the end of the Song Dynasty.
The Han dynasty was in power for over 400 years from 206 BCE-220 CE. Throughout its expansive history many great advances were made, many of which had a lasting impact on both China and the world. This essay will analyse three of the most significant achievements of the Han dynasty; achievements that improved the political, social, educational, and cultural aspects of the Han empire and caused “All subsequent Chinese dynasties to look back to the Han period as an inspiring model of a united empire and self-perpetuating government” (Violatti et al., 2016)
For example, the Zhou dynasty bases parts of the Mandate of Heaven on filial piety. In his “Classic of Filial Piety,” Confucius states that a ruler should honor and respect his parents, and once he does this, “he is able to make his teaching of virtue successful, and his government and orders to be carried into effect.” In keeping with filial piety and the Mandate of Heaven, the Zhou dynasty was able to use these philosophies to conquer the Shang dynasty and become the longest lasting dynasty as its reigned for nearly 800 years, from 1045-256 B.C.E. However, in contrast with the Mandate of Heaven, the Qin dynasty followed a legalist perspective on ruling a government with a strict meritocracy where soldiers could rise in rank if they did well in war, regardless of family titles. Their way of governing worked because their soldiers fought with incentive, making their army and government strongest of most dynasties. The legalist thinkers believed that all men were to be treated identically and that subjects were not to challenge the ruler’s authority for they were to follow the laws set, which were set by the
These great dynasty’s significant military conflicts and their impact on the society only touch the surface on what the dynasties over time created. Key areas of infrastructure and newfound terrain were developed and attained through these trial times, but more importantly, a culture formed. The Xia, Shang, and Zhou Dynasties all contributed the firm basis of Chinese culture as seen today. The development of this culture in China created the foundation for which a lifestyle formed, and will forever be with the past, present, and future Chinese