ABSTRACT In this paper we discuss porting the Embedded Xinu operating system (OS) to the 8-bit Arduino Mega 1280 due to its ability to meet several constraints. A 64-bit Linux environment and associated tools are used to develop Xinu for the AVR. The steps to port Xinu can be split into several different steps. The final Xinu image for the Arduino is 35 KB in size without any compiler optimizations. We discovered interesting features of the platform such as the division of SRAM and are in a position to improve compatibility with existing Xinu files. However, there are many pieces of the Xinu for the AVR missing such as interrupt handlers, asynchronous serial driver, priority scheduling, and a better memory allocation function. General Terms Design. Keywords Xinu INTRODUCTION In recent years, several colleges and universities have adopted Embedded Xinu, a modest OS developed in 1984 at Purdue University. Using Embedded Xinu provides a homogeneous form of teaching at a low cost to implement. Due to its simple design, Xinu is ideal for courses on operating systems, embedded devices, networking, and compilers. Xinu currently operates a wide array of devices including the DEC PDP-11, Motorola(R) 68000, Intel(R) x86, and MIPS IV architectures. Porting Xinu to a scaled-down alternative architecture is advantageous for a number of reasons. First, diversification of the hardware will make the transition to Embedded Xinu easier which is especially true for colleges and universities that already employ AVR processors in other course work. Next, the 8-bit Arduino Mega from ATMEL(R) provides several unique and interesting challenges. The AVR is disparate from all other platforms that Xinu presently operates on. For instance... ... middle of paper ... ...nted. A asynchronous serial driver and more output ports would allow for better performance. Variable optimizations for the 8-bit architecture could be made throughout the code to make Xinu for the AVR more efficient. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My thanks to Dr. Dennis Brylow and Team Xinu for all of their help this summer. Works Cited [1]Ardunio Website. 2010. http://www.arduino.cc/. [2]Atmega640/1280/1281/2560/2561 Preliminary. 448 pages, Revision L. 2007. http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc0856.pdf. [3]AVR C Runtime Library. 2010. http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/avr-libc/. [4]AVR Instruction Set. 160 pages, Revision I. 2010. http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc0856.pdf. [5]AVR Libc website. 2009. http://www.nongnu.org/ar-libc/. [6]Comer, Douglas and Brylow, Dennis. Embedded Xinu. 2010. http://xinu.mscs.mu.edu/Main_Page/.
I was very interested in computers and technology as a child, both playing games and building fake parts for them. Still in elementary school, I was fascinated by these computing machines, spending hours on end working with DOS to satisfy my curiosity. Around my middle school years, Windows became graphical, and I found interest in even more computer games with even greater experiences and capabilities. Windows was the dominant operating system at the time, but I was soon to find there was a whole different world out there of operating systems. While out on vacation in Washington, DC, my Dad and I were able to meet with the local Tech Fanatics group, HackDC. It was here where I discovered Linux. Linux, an alternative to Windows, immediately grabbed my attention when I saw it in use. It appeared to me as something that only the extreme computer users even heard of. Upon my return home,
Windows hardware’s has played a vital role in current technology of computer era. Computer application has significantly changed the workloads and manual records and information keeping has been significantly managed easily. This has been tremendously associated with the respective improvements with the software and hardware application development and Windows Xp and windows 7 have been most powerful operating system used by many computer applicants and users.
The data and information I have collected is directly from the team of Australian Hardware team so this information is valid enough to be used for research of the given
Using server virtualization to concurrently run various operating system environments on one physical server these issues can be resolved, which enables concurrent improvement by performing analysis of multiple environments. In addition to that, when development and test environments can be encapsulated and saved, the process of reconfiguration will become simple.
Based on implementation of FMULT_ACCUM and control unit, this system was implemented in three different types. Bit serial, pipeline and single resource. This paper discusses the design and implementation of bit serial architecture. The main motive behind bit serial implementation was to reduce the area and cost at the expense of speed.
Parsons, June J. and Oja, Dan. Computer Concepts 8th Edition. United States: Course Technology, 2006.
In today’s world where several different domains of technology must imbricate to pacify the rapid pace of development, it is necessary to take a multifaceted approach to learning. While Electrical Engineering major courses like Microprocessors, Embedded Controllers and Digital Electronics have exposed me to computing and data storage at the lowest level, chosen Computer Science courses like Computer Systems and Programming, Data Structures and MOOCs like Algorithms, Machine Learning and Software-as-a-Service have equipped me with the latest knowledge and ideas to capitalize on the digital systems as efficiently as possible. Two initial advanced courses in Mathematics have stre...
This report presents the implementation of a Clock element and the use of the seven segment display on the Altera DE2-115 board. This experimentation with the clock and display are valuable since they are a precursor to future labs to come. In order to make these items work it required the use or Verilog code, which was given for parts 1, 2, and 3.
Then came Linus Benedict Torvalds. At the time he was a sophomore majoring in Computer Science at the University of Helsinki, his hobby also included computer programming. At 21 he found himself spending most of his time toying with computer systems, trying to see what he could do in order to push their limits and increase their functionality. The key missing in his tests was an operating system that had the flexibility craved for by professionals. MINIX was available, though it was still just a stu...
Because of the robust Linux programmer community, several “flavour’s” of Linux (known as “vendors”) are available, and each is specialized in a slightly different way. This robust operating system is being widely adopted by IT professionals in growing businesses because of its high quality, reliability, and price.
Watson, J. (2008). A history of computer operating systems (pp. 14-17). Ann Arbor, MI: Nimble Books.
In order to complete, many projects are finding it advantageous to use a lifecycle approach. One of the reasons software project management remains a challenge is that, as has been all too frequently observed, progress in software development has not kept pace with progress in hardware development. The gap between software and hardware development is partly explained by the lack of standard methods and tools to boost the software development process. In short, "The cobbler's children have no shoes."
Embedded computers typically have tight constraints on both functionality and implementation. In particular, they must guarantee real time operation reactive to external events, conform to size and weight limits, budget power and cooling consumption, satisfy safety and reliability requirements, and meet tight cost targets
My interest in Computers dates back to early days of my high school. The field of CS has always fascinated me. The reason for choosing CS stream was not a hasty decision. My interest started developing in the early stage of my life, when I studied about the invention of computers. The transformation from the large size to small palmtops enticed me to know about the factors responsible for making computers, also the electronic gadgets so small. I was quite impressed after seeing a small chip for the first time in my school days, especially after I learnt that it contained more than 1000 transistors, “integrated circuits”.
The input and output sections allow the computer to receive and send data, respectively. Different hardware architectures are required because of the specialized needs of systems and users. One user may need a system to display graphics extremely fast, while another system may have to be optimized for searching a database or conserving battery power in a laptop computer. In addition to the hardware design, the architects must consider what software programs will operate the system.