NWA, MBSs and Marine Wildlife Areas under the important birds Areas program (IBA) which protect the most critical for the world’s birds. In Canada, Canadian Nature Federation and Bird Studies Canada have worked on IBA program.
History of NWA-MBS Network:
The Migratory Birds Convention Act (MBCA), passed by the federal Parliament in 1916 authorized the federal government to designate MBSs with a goal of protecting migratory birds against physical disturbance and hunting –the main threats to bird populations at the time. Now, NWA-MBS network has expanded largely, but the network is still limit on funding to support low budget.
Before I started to explain my project, there are some key terms that address through my work, include National Wildlife Areas (NWAS), Migratory Bird Sanctuaries (MBSs) and Marine Wildlife Areas. Compare with national park, NWA and MBSs have played different roles in protect specific species.
National Wildlife Areas is conserve essential habitat for migratory birds and other wildlife. In NWAS, harmful actives are not allowed and land has controlled by federal government. In Canada, there are 49 sites which cover approximately 490000ha, include marine ecosystem, but it does not cover Newfoundland and Labrador and Prince Edward Island. The purpose of NWAs is to conservation, research and education while conserve essential habitat for migratory birds. NWAs are usually owned, can be lease over the long term by Environment Canada.
Migratory Bird Sanctuaries is protect migratory birds against physical disturbance and hunting, however, there are still many activities could affect migratory birds that allow in MBSs. MBSS is a mix of privately owned, provincial and territorial and deferral lands. Be ab...
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...ronment Canada to hold title or exercise effective control to the site which greatly the process of site designation. The lack of ownership over NWA and MBS sub-surface rights present a very real threat to their ecological integrity, and an inability for CWS to proactively control this threat.
Managing planning has outdated, because of inadequate funding and lack of basic knowledge of wildlife communities. Older management plans rarely describe specific objectives and strategies to manage a site’s ecological integrity. The majority of MBSs do not have management plan, as CWS is not required to create them has no resources to do so, and has not generally felt them necessary. There is currently no overall national strategy to prepare management plans for MBSs. However, social challenge could be significant to pressure government to design more protected areas.
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