Interconnection is an important issue as it serves to connect numerous customers located at home and offices as well as provide valuable network for businesses. Interconnection results in end-to-end connectivity for provisioning of services to enable communication. Today’s telecommunication networks are moving beyond the traditional PSTN into IP networks which are the next-generation networks (NGN). These NGNs can be used to deliver converged services that are a combination of voice, data and video services using the same core hardware. Converged services are based on the innovative idea of bundling data, voice and video services that is capable of enhancing competition in the market. The evolution of these supreme networks and IP interconnection pose a regulatory challenge and with FCC’s involvement, it is hoped that a common ground is reached. It is imperative that FCC take a well-reasoned stand in the matter of IP-interconnection for voice services as interconnection does not simply involve technical arrangement for connecting networks but also regulatory policies and crucial business decisions. With this paper, I would like to provide a brief overview of IP-interconnection; the factors involved in this interconnection and suggest my views on the possible measures that FCC could adopt.
Understanding Interconnection
The current scenario of VoIP requires conversion of IP voice signals to TDM format to be used over traditional PSTN network. Thus, an interconnection between PSTN and IP is required. However, understanding of interconnection within PSTN and IP networks will provide a fair idea about the requirements for interconnection in each network.
i) Interconnection amongst PSTN networks
ii) Interconnection between IP netwo...
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Cost Factor
High costs and capital investment for IP infrastructure was believed to be a diversion from development of Broadband Networks. However, FCC itself has identified the deployment of IP networks wherever possible in its broadband plan. This should allow IP networks and Broadband Networks to grow together. The real diversion of valuable resources is to the now obsolete PSTN and POTS which are dwindling in popularity with people switching to new generation technology for voice services. These resources can be utilized for the expansion of broadband access and towards improvement of quality of IP service rather than operation and maintenance of legacy networks. Moreover, IP network providers can create new job and economic opportunities, provide increase in revenue while providing innovative services to offset the cost incurred for its deployment.
Of particular importance is the deregulation of the telecommunications industry as mentioned in the act (“Implementation of the Telecommunications Act,” NTLA). This reflects a new thinking that service providers should not be limited by artificial and now antique regulatory categories but should be permitted to compete with each other in a robust marketplace that contains many diverse participants. Moreover the Act is evidence of governmental commitment to make sure that all citizens have access to advanced communication services at affordable prices through its “universal service” provisions even as competitive markets for the telecommunications industry expand. Prior to passage of this new Act, U.S. federal and state laws and a judicially established consent decree allowed some competition for certain services, most notably among long distance carriers. Universal service for basic telephony was a national objective, but one developed and shaped through federal and state regulations and case law (“Telecommunications Act of 1996,” Technology Law). The goal of universal service was referred to only in general terms in the Communications Act of 1934, the nation's basic telecommunications statute. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 among other things: (i) opens up competition by local telephone companies, long distance providers, and cable companies ...
Cisco Designs, manufactures, and sells Internet Protocol (IP) - based networking and other products related to the communications and information technology (IT) industry and provide services associated with these products and their use. The company provides products for transporting data, voice within buildings, across campuses and globally. The products are utilized at enterprise businesses, public institutions, telecommunications companies and other service providers, commercial businesses, and personal residences. Cisco conducts its business globally and manages its business geographically. Its business is divided into the following three geographic segments: The Americans; Europe, M...
Verizon offers a variety of services and products for its customers including: 100% 4G LTE wireless networks, largest portfolio of wireless devices and smartphones in the market, high speed broadband internet, television and interactive devices, and enterprise solutions information technology. The existence and size of Verizon’s current infrastructure as it relates to its retail locations, wireless coverage area, and its global ip network are above peer in comparison with its primary competitors. The global ip network itself spans over 150 countries and more than 2,700 cities. Meanwhile, Verizon is also the U.S. largest wireless provider and has more 4G LTE wireless coverage than all other networks combined.
Although the net neutrality debate didn’t come into the spot light so long ago, it has sparked controversy in the communications world. This concept provides a positive impact to the consumers, competition and network owners/internet service providers. It broadens the aspect of equality, which the open Internet was first based on. The profound effects on the aforementioned players provide a supported purpose to regulate the notion of net neutrality.
1. Introduction This project proposal is written for the Srilankan telecommunication authority (SLT) for the implementation of an end to end network solution with very fast network infrastructure, which is IP based network called Next Generation Network (NGN) along with wireless 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE). It integrates all IP Packet Based communication. It offers users to unrestricted access to different service providers.
Years later, the Telecommunication Act of 1996 triggered dramatic changes in the competitive landscape. SBC Communications Inc. established itself as a global communications provider by acquiring Pacific Telesis Group and becoming the new AT&T. The merger of AT& T and BellSouth, along with the ownership consolidation of Cingular Wireless and YELLOWPAGES.COM, will speed convergence, competition and continued innovation in the communications and entertainment industry, creating new solutions for consumers and businesses and positioned to lead the industry in one of its most signifi...
Reuters, (2006, June 16,2006). Appeals court backs FCC on telephone network unbundling. Retrieved June 20, 2006, from http://news.com.com/Appeals+court+backs+FCC+on+telephone+network+unbundling/2100-1037_3-6084867.html?tag=sas.email
The world is experiencing a communications revolution. The Internet, e-Commerce and other developments (including the convergence of communication technologies) are profoundly reshaping economic and social life. AT&T must position itself to meet the challenge of this revolution. The strategic development of information-based industries is a key to the future social and economic development of the world.
Background One. Tel was launched by Jodee Rich and Brad Keeling in 1995 (Cook, 2001). At first, it looked to get the advantages from deregulation of the telecommunication industry by reselling other network’s capacity and making money through stock market speculation. Rich and Keeling tried to increase the company’s shares rather than profit the company (Cook, 2001). Initially, One.
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Perhaps the most redundant, fault-tolerant of all network topologies is the mesh LAN. Each node is connected to every other node for a true point-to-point connection between every device on the network.
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This report will describe the two forms of data communications in terms of the physical interfaces and modes of operation. It will describe the features of data communications equipment in relation to synchronous and asynchronous communication including modems, network terminating units and sending and receiving equipment.
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