There is no definition of a robot that satisfies everybody. International standard ISO 8373 defines a "robot" as an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulator programmable in three or more axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications. This definition works well for ISO's main concern, industrial robotics, but it doesn't really take care of other realms. Joseph Engelberger, a literal pioneer in industrial robotics, once said, "I can't define a robot, but I know one when I see one." Robots can also be defined in a different way. A robot can be described as a mechanical or virtual, artificial agent, where an agent is defined as one who exerts power, or one who has the power to act, and as some kind of automatic process which can communicate with other agents to perform some collective task on behalf of one or more humans. We can see how this definition fits industrial robots, CNC machine tools, hazardous location robots, and other mechatronic devices that help us in our daily lives. Everyone also has seen science fiction films where robots walk and talk like humans, make intelligent decisions based on infallible logic, and carry out tasks on their own volition. Until recently, this has been science fiction for the most part.
Between 1937 and 1938, Westinghouse produced a humanoid robot for the 1939 New York world fair called Elektro. Elektro could walk by voice command, talk (using a 78-rpm record player), smoke cigarettes, blow up balloons, and move its head and arms. It also had photoreactive eyes that could differentiate between red and green light. Realistically though, this robot was useless, and as such in the 1960's its head was given to a retiring engineer and its body was sold for scrap. Humanoid robots were all about the same until the early 1970's.
The Wabot-1, developed at Waseda University between 1970 and 1973, is known as the first (real) humanoid robot in the world. Considering this machine was born in the very early 70's, its announced abilities were actually somewhat impressive. The Wabot had a humanoid structure including somewhat working legs, gripping hands with tactile sensors, and "artificial intelligence" systems that made it comparable to a one-and-half-year-old child, as stated at the time. Its artificially intelligent interaction systems actually only included a very primitive communication system (speech synthesis, speech recognition) and a visual system. It was able to "communicate" in Japanese.
It should come as no surprise then that the whitest, most Anglocized Mexican-American model was, in fact, a robot.
In addition, “If we let it.” is a quite important point and concession on robot this issue. What we are thinking of about robots — the advantages and the disadvantages — all these things are under the circumstances of we human let these robots exist in our future. If we do not allow these robots enter our lives from now on, there will be no more concerns over this
But, Sparrow (2007) argues that the robot is hardly to be the one, because generally, there is no morality in machines, which is the most important to be responsible (Anderson & Waxman, 2013). And, as the requirement for something or someone to have responsibility is, they should be able to be punished and rewarded based on their action (Sparrow, 2007; Klein, 1995; Eshleman, 2002). Sparrow (2007) describes in his article that the robot which has ‘intelligent’ behavior will have internal motivation in order pursuing its goals, and when the goals can be achieved, this cognitive states will make them able to be rewarded or if it fails then the robot will feel frustration as it receives punishment. Moreover, because of its intellectual capacities, as technology advances, autonomous robot may able to imitate human behavior (Sparrow, 2007; Coeckelbergh, 2010). Hence, it could be punished similar with the way when human cause war crimes, for instances with electrocuting, imprisoning, or destroying it (Sparrow, 2007).
The science behind humanlike robots is advancing. They are becoming more smart, mobile and autonom...
Scientific progress makes huge milestones toward developing new advanced technologies which are more and more present in human lives. Today robots replace people in many spheres such as health care, security and military, industry, education, entertainment and science. Role of robots becomes more significant because they are able to do the job which people are not able to perform well. Sometimes people are too lazy to do some routine work, due to such situation those tasks could be delegated to machines. People’s life become more technology based what makes demand for efficient robots larger. Engineers say that today robots look like machines, but in near future robots will have more human appearance, today they do some simple job, but in near future much more complicated tasks would be trusted to them. History of robotics goes far to the history when the ancient Greeks describes first devices that people were projected to fly to the sky like birds. In fact, heart of any robot is some program that direct the device and control it actions. Robot cannot perform the tasks that was not programmed in it and this if the factor what makes it quite limited in its actions. Current studies in robotics are aimed to remove those disadvantages and make robots more functional and universal through development of artificial intelligence that can operate independently. Curiosity of world community to robotics increase every day what make all the research and inventions in robotics more demanded. History of robots, resent achievement and future perspectives of robotics have to be studies and researched to understand what machines can give to humanity and what pros and cons exist in the r...
Robots are made to run without flaws and can outperform the average worker. This is because there are fewer employees working that need to get paid. This is not a good thing as it might seem. In China, robots almost completely replace human workers to save money.
In 2010, robots are very different from the expectations set in 1965. “The latest advances in technology have led to robots that look very much like humans but are mostly able to perform only limited functions.” (Bar-Cohen 12). Yoseph Bar-Cohen and David Hanson’s book ‘The Coming Robot Revolution” is very clear ab...
I don’t think there is any reason for these robots to have every ability that a human does. There is no way they are going to have the intelligence a human does. Artificial Intelligence is just going to bring more harm into our communities. We can’t trust the robots doing the “everyday” human activities, they are going to lead to unemployment, and will lead to laziness causing more obesity.
Robots always had a special place in mankind’s heart. There has always been an aura of mystery and discovery surrounding them. What is a robot? Wikipedia defines it as “an automatically guided machine which is able to do tasks on its own.” That is a good definition of a robot, but there are few exceptions too.
With the development of technology in the world, people are faced with many things they never saw and knew before. In this modern life, technology has affected a lot of people’s lives in many levels. Robots are considered as important products of technology. Robots were introduced by a writer, Karel Čapek, from the Czech word, robota, meaning “forced labor” or “serf”. Čapek used this word in his play, R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) which opened in Prague in January, 1921, a play in which an Englishman named Rossum mass-produced automata. The automata, robots, are meant to do the world’s work and to make a better life for humans; but in the end they rebel, wipe out humanity, and start a new race of intelligent life for the robots themselves (Asimov, 1984). Robot does not have a specific definition itself, every dictionary has a slightly different definition. “Deciding if a machine is or is not a robot is like trying to decide if a certain shade of greenish blue is truly blue or not blue,” said Carlo Bertocchini, the owner of RobotBooks.com. “Some people will call it blue while others will vote not blue,” (Branwyn, 2004). This essay will limit the meaning of robot as what defined in the Merriam Webster Dictionary (2004), robot is a machine that looks and acts like a human being, an efficient but insensitive person, a device that automatically performs especially repetitive tasks, and something guided by automatic controls. As the technology grows more modern each day, scientists and programmers are creating and improving the function of robots. Nevertheless, many people are still debating should robots be developed more and should robots be used in everyday life. I disagree that the further development of robots should be remain...
A robots replacing humans? Robots are already in our life, a computer is a stationary robot, phones and many more can be considered robots. However, I think that robots can never replace humans because unlike humans robots can only follow the commands that they are programmed. A robot can be consider a partial human or rather a human that lives on the past. They cannot adopt to new conditions and that’s what makes them far away from humanity. What makes a robot similar to humans is the fact that it is made by humans. It is just the product of made by men. It is a way that shows how smart humans are. It is a combination of all human developments and discoveries. Robots are made to help humans however they can replace them because
Moreover, people belonging to different age groups, for instance, young or elderly people held opposing views in their perception of domestic robot. Young people were more inspiring and had strong attraction towards robots whereas elderly people were fear of their autonomy and malfunctioning. So, young people prefer to have humanoid robots for companionship whereas elderly people want them to looklike machines and capable of doing their tasks perfectly. Hence, people have great expectations from domestic robots. They expect that robots assist or accompany them in their busy lives but should be under their full-control and intelligent as they do not want to get in any kind of trouble.
Today, the number of robots in the world is approaching 1,000,000. The confluence of various advanced and improved technologies is bringing the age of robotic technology ever cheaper, nearer, smaller and cost effective. There are three aspects of any robot which are brawn, bone and brain. Brawn means the strength relating to physical payload that a robot can move. Next, bone stands for the physical structure of a robot relative to the task it does. This determines the weight and size that the robot in relation to its physical payload. Lastly, brain indicates the robotic intelligence which means how it can think and do independently and how much manual interaction is needed. There are many products that utilize the robotic technologies around us today such as ATMs machines, automated gas pumps, self service checkout lanes and so on. The potential product of utilizing robotic technology such as humanoid robotics is an emerging research field that will become increasingly important to help human beings in their daily lives. Some of the potential products of using robotics technology are mentioned below:
One of the earliest known researchers of robotics was Greek inventor and physicist Ctesibus. Ctesibus had a big breakthrough when he created a mechanical clock that was run by water. Up until his invention the Greeks used hourglasses which had to be turned over and that was a hassle. The Greeks were fascinated with
The two very influential articles in this essay, by Eaton, 2015 as well as Veruggio and Operto, 2008, have debated on the engineering perspectives of humanoid robots. Therefore, analyzing the outcomes of giving these humanoid robots the advanced skills and mechanisms, with the intelligence and body structure replicated from humans. Nevertheless, the journals have stated that this modified artificial intelligence may possibly also enable the humanoid robots to be more skillful and advanced then humans. Scalzone, Tamburrini, 2012, as well as Veruggio and Operto, 2008, have theories stating that humanoid robots without any doubt would follow commands and could be lethal weapons whilst in battles. The aim of this essay was to combine research articles and perceive the future existence of humanoid robots. Thus, the enquiry was about if humanoid robots could replace human soldiers and after the conduction of this research essay, it can be said there is a future for humanoid robots and the idea of these robots replacing human soldiers has already been put into