Almost 50% of the world’s population are living in dengue infection risk areas, a mosquitoes borne fever with 50-100 million reported cases annually and about 2.5% affected died [1]. Aedes mosquitoes particularly A. aegypti and A. albopictus are two known vectors to play the crucial role of transmitting dengue virus from an infected host (mainly human) to another human being. To date, the main measures for vector control include destroying the mosquitoes’ larval breeding sites either by chemical, biological or environmental management; and space spraying using insecticides to kill the adult mosquitoes [2]. Both of these measures need collaboration from the community as well as the public health authorities. Thus, evidences to support local community participation to destroy the mosquitoes are essential. Malaysia is a highly endemic country for dengue infection which experienced 3 to 5 years cycles of outbreaks [3]. In 2011, a total of 19,884 cases and case fatality of 0.18% was reported [4]. The control program is highly subsidized by the government and the bulk of the preventive and control measures are done by the public health authority [5]. Localities are monitored by number of dengue case reported and are considered as having outbreak when there are more than one case of cases occurred within 14 days. These areas would then undergo intensive measures (standard operating procedure) for dengue outbreak control Apart from adulticiding by space spray using insecticide; anti-dengue campaigns which include community participation in the activities of mass cleaning of the area (gotong-royong), health education where talks, exhibition and distribution of health education materials regarding dengue infection and control measures ... ... middle of paper ... ... among selected rural communities in the Kuala Kangsar district. Asia Pac J Public Health, 2003. 15(1): p. 37-43. 18. Shuaib, F., et al., Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding dengue infection in Westmoreland, Jamaica. West Indian Med J, 2010. 59(2): p. 139-46. 19. Thakolwiboon, S., et al., Factors associated with dengue prevention and control in two villages in a central Thai province: a retrospective review. J Med Assoc Thai, 2013. 96(8): p. 984-91. 20. Phuanukoonnon, S., M. Brough, and J.H. Bryan, Folk knowledge about dengue mosquitoes and contributions of health belief model in dengue control promotion in Northeast Thailand. Acta Trop, 2006. 99(1): p. 6-14. 21. MA, H., et al., Perception towards health promotion activities: findings from a community survey in the state of Penang, Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2012. 12(2): p. 6-14.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, Vol. 78, No. 2, pp. 113-117 27. No.
In the article “When Mosquitoes Were Killers in America” by Lauren Tarshis, She makes the statement “Yet mosquitoes are far more than a nuisance.” What she means is that mosquitoes aren't a little bug that just sucks a little blood and can be annoying, but instead it uses all that and more. Mosquitoes have killed millions upon millions of people by spreading disease like malaria. An example of how she supports this claim is in the article, she says “ In this way, bite by itchy bite, 212 million people are infected with malaria every year” (Tarshis 13). And that is only a year with bug spray, shots, and all the other things that help stop mosquitoes. So when the U.S. government tried to save people from these murders little insects. So they
... States are minimal for people affected with disease by this invasive species, steps should still be taken to avoid an outbreak. They should be controlled to some extent. Because West Nile has taken such a toll on humans and birds, precautions should be taken to avoid being infected with this disease. Controlling the Asian Tiger Mosquito may help minimize the spread of diseases throughout the United States. Because this species of mosquito thrives in more wet condensed spaces like water cans, tipping and tossing all containers that hold water around the house or garden on a daily basis will help remove the larvae and reduce the population. Other common practices that most communities partake in, include cold fogging or spray trucks and effective mosquito traps. These are the best options so far, to help control the Asian Tiger mosquito and other mosquitos as well.
Whitehead, D., Wang, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, J., Sun, Z., & Xie, C. (2008). Health promotion and health education practice: nurses' perceptions. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 61(2), 181-187.
International Journal of Epidemiology 36.6 (2007): 1229-234. International Journal of Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, 28 Sept. 2007. Web. The Web.
Tannahill, A., Tannahill, C., & Downie, R. S. (1999) Health Promotion. Models and Values. Oxford University Press.
Mosquitoes, fever and even death may be some of the things that come to mind when we're asked to think about West Nile Virus. Many of us would consider mosquitoes a small trade-off for what the summertime provides, but what if there were more at risk than a bump above your skin and an itch? In a not so distant past West Nile Virus ascended into news broadcasts all throughout the country and alarming it's residents. Today however, that all seems to be an afterthought. The intentions today are to cover the first found cases of West Nile Virus, the symptoms of West Nile Virus, and finally West Nile Virus' impact on the United States. Through the research here, the hope is that we can all have a better understanding of how West Nile Virus works.
For several years, I have had an interest in virology and the spread and characteristics of various infectious diseases. Though it makes sense not to possibly induce a state of panic by informing individuals of illnesses that are not native to the area they live in and that they are not likely to contract, I have always liked to remain informed out of my own curiosity and interest. Thus, I have decided to write about malaria.
Richmond, K. and Germov, J., 2009. Sociology of Health Promotion. In: Germov, ed. An Introduction to Health Sociology. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, pp. 476-499.
Many health behaviours are supported by religions or state laws in positive and negative ways. But also ethnic and social-economical status can lead to health inequalities. Low educational attainment and low availability of healthy food choices reducing the perceived threat of disease and discourage from positive health behaviours. However, individual 's personal differences must not be overseen. Biological and psychological differences interplay with sociocultural factors and create human health behaviours. The study of health psychology can help to make those connections and play a key role in creating health promoting programmes that equally educate people about benefits of adoption specific health behaviours and raise awareness of susceptibility. Hopefully, this will lead to a reduction of negative attitudes and barriers towards positive health behaviours, that more people, from every sociocultural background adapt positive health behaviours in the
Health promotion is a multifaceted movement with a core value on respect, empowerment, equity, inclusion and social justice (MacDougall 2002). Aims to achieve holistic health, while it is influenced by medical and social determinants. These determinants which aids to deter...
Journal of Public Health. Vol. 70, No. 4, Apr. 1980, pp. 348-351. EBSCOhost. 2017 October 25.
About 75% of health infrastructure, medical professionals and other health resources are localised in urban areas where 27% of the population live. The poor penetration and the basic nature of rural health is also attributed to lack of health litera...
Dengue fever, also known as the “breakbone fever”, is a vector-borne viral disease endemic in tropic and subtropic regions, with around 100 million symptomatic new cases each year worldwide15. It is caused by any one of the four closely-related serotypes or viruses that is spread by multiple species of mosquitoes, in particular the Aedes aegypti 6,13.
Dengue is the most common arboviral (arthropod-transmitted) disease and it also position as the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. Approximately 2.5 billion people living in tropical and sub-tropical regions are at a great risk of dengue infection, which is almost equal to about two-fifths of the human population (Gubler & Clark, 1995; WHO, 2009). There is an estimated 50-100 million infections occurring globally in each year, with 500,000 cases requiring hospitalization and causing 24,000 deaths (Halstead, 1988; WHO, 1997). Furthermore, the increasing populations in tropical and sub-tropical regions, making dengue as a global threat to public health (UNEP 2009; Holden, 2009).