Right or wrong, this question can be applied to almost every decision made throughout your day. For most decisions made in a day the answer to this question is usually simple, but from time to time we run into crossroads were which path to take is not clear. This may be a little decision like choosing to give money back when you have been overpaid all the way to large decisions such as whether abortion, when the mother is not at risk, is right or wrong. In the profession of intelligence these ethical decision may present themselves in a number of ways. In the paper we are going to discuss two fictional case studies that were presented in the book Fair Play by James Olson, the former director of Counter Intelligence for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Both scenarios will present plausible ethical dilemmas that may be encountered in modern day espionage.
Scenario1, Trojan Horse: The Chinese foreign intelligence service, the Ministry for State Security (MSS), has as one of its primary operational objectives to steal defense- related technology from the United States. The Cox Report, released in 1999, documented for the first time the extent of such technology theft by MSS and analyzed the implications for U.S. national security. The MSS uses variety of illegal mechanisms and cutouts (clandestine intermediaries) to acquire embargoed U.S. technology. The CIA learns from a sensitive intelligence source that the MSS is using a French aerospace company as a front for illegal acquisitions. The French company purchases the items from a trading company in Long Beach, California, and then secretly transfers them to the Chinese. The same CIA source indicates that the MSS has just tasked its French...
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... have been taken to prevent him from becoming a “lose cannon”.
As we see, the answers to questions are not always black and white. Sometimes they are shades of grey. In the world if intelligence and national security in general the answer may not be easy at all. The lives of several hundred or thousands of people could be at stake. This may lead to several different solutions being posed, where none are an ideal answer to the problem. This is often the case for many hard decisions, and ultimately the answer to the question is going to rely on your belief system.
Works Cited
Gert, B. (2005). Morality Its Nature and Justification. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Olson, J. M. (2006). Fair Play: The Moral Dilemmas of Spying. Dulles: Potomac Books.
Velaquez, M. G. (2006). Business Ethics: Concepts and Cases. New Jersey: Pearson/ Prentice Hall.
In society we will always faces ethical and unethical choices. There are time when we cannot always chose the ethical approach. Other decisions primarily only affect us as individuals. However, when you are in the public eye such as police officer your decisions affect others. In this paper the discussion will be based on the Kansas City case study.
moral decisions, we will be analyzing why this scenario poses a dilemma, possible actions that
1985 became branded as the Year of the Spy by American press as a result of a string of high-profile espionage arrests. One of the most notorious cases from this time period is that of Aldrich Hazen Ames. In his thirty year employment with the Central Intelligence Agency’s Directorate of Operations, Ames compromised the second-largest number of CIA assets so far as is known; he was alleged to have disclosed virtually all of the CIA's active Soviet agents, many of whom were later executed or imprisoned. Ames received substantial payments for the information he provided- money that he had used years earlier to purchase a new Jaguar automobile and a $540,000 home, with cash, in Arlington. Apparently, these seemingly large expenditures by an employee making less than $70,000 a year had not raised questions at the CIA. For this research paper, I wanted to know how Aldrich Ames was so successful in engaging in espionage activities for almost a decade without attracting any attention whatsoever to himself, and also how this case in particular has transformed the counterintelligence practices of the United States Intelligence Community.
“Most people in the U.S. want to do the right thing, and they want others to do the right thing. Thus, reputation and trust are important to pretty much everyone individuals and organizations. However, individuals do have different values, attributes, and priorities that guide their decisions and behavior. Taken to an extreme, almost any personal value, attribute, or priority can “cause” an ethical breach (e.g. risk taking, love of money or sta...
Earley, P. (2014). CIA Traitor Aldrich Ames — The Story — Crime Library. Retrieved April 10, 2014, from http://www.crimelibrary.com/terrorists_spies/spies/ames/1.html
Ethical decision making according to Bush, Connell & Denney (2006), is essential especially to help therapist or psychologist avoid any situation that might cause misconduct compromising the ethics of a patient. Also, the steps are useful to a forensic psychologist by assisting them to identify and solve any ethical problems they are likely to encounter. The belief of Bush, Connell & Denney stressed on the need to develop a sense of divergence among conflict of interest; this to Bush and colleagues is useful in the legal system hence,
Perry, D.L. (2004). Ethical issues in recent U.S. military engagements. Retrieved November 11, 2011 from: http://home.earthlink.net/~davidlperry/recent.htm
An ethical dilemma exists when a choice between competing values is required and choosing in favour of one value will forfeit the other (Navran, 2015). A situation can therefore only be described as a true ethical dilemma if there is a choice between different actions that must be made and if every action available to choose from will result in an outcome that conflicts with a principle of ethics (Allen, 2012). When the university applicants of the “Hacking into Harvard” case
Throughout the course of our lives, all of us have faced very difficult, defining moments. As Joseph Badaracco stated, “Character is forged at those defining moments when a manager must choose between right and right.” In “The Analyst’s Dilemma,” Amy is faced with a very tough personal, professional, and moral decision. On the one hand she has pledged her allegiance to her company, one which, as per her words, required you “lived, ate, and breathed your work.” On the other hand she has been entrusted, by her best friend, to keep a secret that could have very damaging effects for the both of them, their careers, and the companies for which they work, if exposed. When looking at this dilemma, I greatly appreciated Amy’s thorough analysis
Perry, D. L. (1995). Ethics, Espionage, and Covert Action. Retrieved from Journal of Conflict Studies website: http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/submitted/Perry/repugnant.html#nine
With self-driving cars on the horizon for the average consumer, an ethical dilemma is made apparent. Who is to blame in the advent of an accident involving a car that drives itself? There are many situations in which the car could make a “wrong” judgement call based off of its internal decision models. The problem occurs when the decision the car makes differs from what the average person would consider a good moral choice. A current issue relates to who is responsible for an assisted driving accident, when the car attempts to save the driver or a pedestrian, and the other issue involves self-driving cars and the responsibility of computer model decisions.
At the end of the last Millennium a group of academics and experts in artificial intelligence postulated fourteen outstanding questions and problems that they believed would need to be solved as the development of artificial life progressed. The fourteenth and final problem posited by this panel was to “establish ethical principles for artificial life” in four main regards: “the sanctity of the biosphere, the sanctity of human life, the responsible treatment of newly generated life forms and the risks of exploitations of artificial life.”(Bedau 374)
Robot ethics, or sometimes known by the expression of “roboethics”, concerns ethical problems that occur with robots, such as whether robots post a threat to humans in the long or short run. This could include in the jobs or the work that they can replace for humans. Robot ethics is a sub-field of ethics of technology, specifically information technology, and it has close links to legal as well as socio-economic concerns. Researchers from diverse areas are beginning to tackle ethical questions about creating robotic technology and implementing it in societies, in a way that will still ensure the safety of the human race. While the issues are as old as the word robot, serious academic discussions started around the year 2000. Robot ethics requires
Daniel Terris, chief of the International Center for Ethics, Justice and Public Life at Brandeis University, has given a fascinating portrayal and evaluation of a morals program at one of the world 's biggest protection temporary workers, Lockheed Martin. In 1996, another system that depended on a prepackaged game (much like Clue) that utilized characters from the Dilbert funny cartoon was presented. Terris respects much about this system, which was initiated by Lockheed 's CEO, Norm Augustine-even while he brings up that the putting of obligation on every specialist for the right measurements of his or her activities may occupy consideration from the ostensibly more vital moral obligations of senior administration and the ethical complexities of aggregate choice making. As it were, that affected individual, the organization itself, have its obligations to people, in general, great, despite the fact that it will be unable to appreciate the efforts of other individuals who plays their business activities in a righ way. (Terris, 2005)
Artificial intelligence has become a big controversy between scientists within the past few years. Will artificial intelligence improve our communities in ways we humans can’t, or will they just cause danger to us? I believe that artificial intelligence will only bring harm to our communities. There are multiple reasons why artificial intelligence will bring danger to humanity, some of them being: you can’t trust them, they will lead to more unemployment, and they will cause more obesity.