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Essay on the history of taiwan
Essay on the history of taiwan
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WGSS 514
Final: Conference paper
Ching Chih Tseng
Vanishing voice: The culture of indigenous people in Taiwan
Today, I am going to tell a story, the story of indigenous people in Taiwan. First, I would like to introduce the background of Taiwan. In 1590, the Portuguese explored Taiwan and named ‘Formosa’ which means beautiful island. Now, people called Taiwan, or the officially name the Republic of China is my country. Taiwan has total area around fourteen thousand square miles. We have twenty three million three hundred forty thousand population.
Who live in the beautiful island?
Today, 98% of Taiwanese are descendants of a mixture of Han Chinese people which includes 70% Hoklo people, 14% Hakka people, and 14% Mainlanders. While 2% are indigenous people.
Taiwan indigenous people have lived on this island for perhaps 8,000 years. They are Austronesian-speaking people. Some anthropologists even believe the Austronesian people originated in Taiwan. After the founding of the Republic of China in 1911, the Nationalist government instituted the National Language Movement (NLM); a mass effort to standardize and propagate the National was selected as the supra-dialectal norm.
In 1916 the Ministry of Education authorized a system for transcribing alphabets which was renamed the National Phonetic Symbols (NSP) in 1930.
Moreover, Taiwan government arbitrary classified the indigenous people as savage people for over fifty years. Finally, the indigenous people lunched the aboriginal movement in 1984 was aimed at fighting for identity and the protection of rights. After almost a decade of the fighting movement, Taiwanese indigenous people finally changed their identity from savage people to the official name ‘indigenous’ people. Now, Tai...
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...ginal indigenous name is Abi. Amis people also called each other ‘Pangcah’, in our language, ‘Pangcah’ means people or same tribe. Amis has another meaning which is north, because Amis people live on the northern part of my country. I wish and hope that our voice, our unique culture can be heard and be seen by my country and the rest of the world.
Where is the social justice for the indigenous who live in Taiwan? We have fourteen different indigenous tribes in Taiwan; each tribe has their own language and traditional culture which is unique and beautiful. It is sad to consider that one day the indigenous cultures may disappear from Taiwan society.
The lift of martial law in 1987 marked a new era for a multi-culture and multi-lingual society in Taiwan. with this political change and worldwide multiculturalism, people stared to view dialects from a new perspective.
The Saga of the Tigua Indians is an amazing one. By all reasoning they should have been wiped out long ago. There quiet defiance to change, however, has carried them through. From the height of civilization to near extinction the Tigua have remained. They endure imprisonment by the Spanish, oppression and manipulation by everyone that followed. This is the story of a people thought to extinct, that are once again learning to survive.
In the article “Do You Speak American?,” Robert MacNeil is trying to reach the american public, especially those who do not have a complete understanding of the ongoing changes that are happening to the English that is spoken throughout the United States. He uses a multitude of examples to prove this very fact. For one he wants to inform the people that one reason for this change is that average people now have more influence in the way language is spoken.Which to him is a good thing. He enjoys the new evolution that American English has undertaken. He believes that it is a step in the right direction. Another, example he uses are the changes different regions and/or group of people have made on the English language. He uses the different accents and dialect to show the growth and improvement that occurred. Even though, some linguist view these changes as wrong, MacNeil views them as necessary and as something that is unique to the United States. In essence, a necessary growth that only makes the United States grow into a better country. Thus, making it more diverse.
Reed, Kevin, Natasha Beeds, and Barbara Filion. Aboriginal Peoples in Canada. Toronto: Pearson Canada, 2011. Print.
As early as the Chinese dynasties, Taiwan had no formal ties with mainland China. As the 16th and 17th century progressed, Portuguese, Spanish and Dutch explorers began to settle the land (Zhang). Each foreign power sought fit to claim its resources and strategic position in the China Sea. The Spanish,
Native People are either invisible, non-existent, misunderstood, or falsely represented in school, in media, in history, and in art. Progress has been exceeding slow. And that is a shame because the knowledge, the beauty, and the wisdom of a very old culture have a lot to offer, not just for those searching their heritage, but for anyone concerned with humanity as a whole.
According to Shah, indigenous people are those who have historical belonging to a particular region or country before its colonization or transformation into a nation state. Indigenous people may have different cultural, linguistic, traditional and other characteristics to those of the dominant culture of that region or state. There are approximately 40,000,000 people in Latin America that belong to almost 600 different indigenous groups. According to World Bank figures, 12.76% of the entire American population and approximately 40% of the rural population is indigenous. However, “Indigenous peoples around the world have sought recognition of their identities, their ways of life and their right to traditional lands, territories and natural resources; yet throughout history, their rights have been violated. Indigenous peoples are arguably among the most disadvantaged and vulnerable groups of people in the world today. The international community now recognizes that special measures are required to protect the rights of the world’s indigenous peoples” (UNPFII).
The right to remain independent and to have control over the tribe’s assets is an essential part of every Native tribe, big or small. After many hardships the tribes have suffered at the hand of western expansion, cultural sovereignty created a border of control that only the Native Americans can alter themselves. To me “Cultural Sovereignty” is having the ability to maintain a self-regulating government within a specific culture, which not only protects the people under it but also the values in which the society believes in, while being free of the influence and interference that comes from outside sources. Throughout history, it has been a major role in the survival and expansion of many cultures, not only in America but worldwide. When
China grew to be the largest and most populous country of Asia. IT developed a unique culture by being isolated and having little contact with any other civilizations. After time, its methods of production and system of government here highly advanced for its time. China’s history is shown through the ruling of several different dynasties, their schools of thought and religion, and the vast spreading of their culture to its surrounding countries.
To the indigenous community, country and story creates a strong cultural identity and is the starting point to their education. The second outcome; connected with and contribute to their world, is shown through the experience and learning of the indigenous culture and the history of the country and land they live in. Outcome three; strong sense of wellbeing is shown through enhancing indigenous children’s wellbeing socially, culturally, mentally and emotionally through learning about their heritage, country and history through the stories passed down through generations and gaining a sense of belonging and self identity. Both outcome four and five; confident and involved learners and effective communicators are important as they show a unity and understanding between the indigenous culture through learning about the country and stories together about the indigenous
The Hmong are a group who originated for Mongolia thousands of years ago. Since then, they have migrated into the mainland of china. The Hmong people speak their own language of Hmong, there native language. The Hmong religon is Animalistic. The total population of the Hmong group is 4 to 5 million people.
The right to land and the right to self-determination are considered to be the two most significant Aboriginal rights of the First Nation (Boldt, 1985, p.14). The objective of this research paper is to investigate and examine the issue of Aboriginal land claims and Indigenous people’s right to self-government. Themes such as ethnic discrimination, racism, inequality, self-determination and the rule of law will be explored in this paper. Aboriginal people in Canada consider land to be part of their Aboriginal identity for the reason being that their culture is grounded in nature. The right to land is closely linked with the right to identity and the right to self-determination, which in turn leads to the right of self-government. Indigenous
occupied and their communities are almost entirely be disrupted and they have been assimilated into a Western culture though their own cultures still remain. These days, the indigenous are living in white-settler society under the control of state powers and in long history, they are being discriminated and exploited. The indigenous people today or even their ancestors face harsh challenges and they have to struggle with their identities in the issue of racism, self determination and assimilation.
Project, Harvard. The State of the Native Nations. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. 221-222.
Compiled in this essay are three examples of ethnographic research done by anthropologists who followed different aboriginal people’s journey to reclaim their land from the hands of the government. The first two articles discuss two different tribes in Canada; the Nisga’a, and the Cheslatta T’en, while the third and final article discusses the struggle of the U’wa tribe in Colombia. All three tribes have different ways and reasons for their struggle but they each have the same goal; freedom to live in their homeland and practice their culture and beliefs in peace without interference from the national government of the country in which they reside.
The Taino, meaning “the men of the good,” are the indigenous people who make their home in many parts of the Caribbean islands. The Taino have origins which can be traced back to the Arawak tribe of the Orinoco Delta. It is said that the Taino started to settle in the Caribbean around 400 B.C. They established communities on the island of Hispaniola. Today Hispaniola is known as Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Taino also settled in Jamaica, eastern Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands along with the Bahamas. It is estimated that the Taino population may have reached more than three million people, with smaller settlements throughout the Caribbean.