The most common blood disorder in the united states is. Anemia is when a person doesn’t have enough red blood cells (RBC’s) or hemoglobin in their blood to carry enough oxygen to the body cells. Anemia affects woman more than men and many types of anemia can be prevented.
The causes for anemia include: Iron deficiency, chronic blood loss, vitamin B12 deficiency, side effects from medications, chronic diseases, bone marrow disease. Iron deficiency is when there is not enough iron. Chronic Blood loss is when there is not enough blood in the body due to diseases such as ulcers, colon polyps, colon cancer, bladder tumors, kidney tumors, and even excessive menstrual bleeding. Vitamin deficiency happens when there is not enough Vitamin B12 and folic
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Iron Deficiency Anemic people as well as Anemia caused by Chronic blood loss show symptoms such as general fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, strange cravings to eat items such as dirt or clay, tingling or crawling feeling in legs, tongue swelling, cold feet and hands, irregular heartbeat, brittle nails, and headaches. Symptoms for anemia caused by Chronic diseases include weakness, shortness of breath, rapid heart-beat, irritability, and chest pain. People with pernicious anemia which is the inability to absorb Vitamin B12 show symptoms of weak muscles, trouble walking, numbness or tingling in hands and feet, nauseas, decreased appetite, weight loss, irritability, lack of energy, and diarrhea. Due to there being such a large amount of medications that can cause anemia, for the signs and symptoms that you can read the medication label. Or you can ask your doctor if you start showing the usual forms of symptoms such as weakness, tiredness, pallor, tachycardia, numb tingly or cold hand and feet dizziness, headaches and even jaundice which is the yellowing of the eyes and …show more content…
Drinking orange and citrus fruit juice will assist the body in absorbing iron. Monthly injection of Vitamin B12 may be necessary to treat vitamin B deficiency or even vitamin B12 supplement pills. Doctors will treat anemia caused by chronic diseases is by having the patient stop using the medication that caused them to be anemic and give them another medication for the disease they need treatment for. Treatment for anemia caused by blood loss may be a blood transfusion if a person is losing blood rapidly or iron supplements are needed to produce the red blood cells being lost. Iron supplements can be taken orally in a pill or in some major cases where iron deficiency is extremely low, the supplement is given intravenously. Intravenously means the iron supplement is delivered in liquid form directly into a
Chronic kidney disease also denoted as chronic renal failure is the gradual failure of the kidney to perform its function as required. The condition occurs gradually thus goes undetected until when it is too late. According to Buttaro et al (2013, p.723), there are certain risk factors that lead to the development of chronic kidney disease that individuals should be conversant with. Chronic kidney disease is hereditary meaning it can be passed from a parent to a child via genes. Age is another factor. This implies that people over 60 years are likely to get the disease thus should be cautious. Individuals having atherosclerosis, bladder obstruction, chronic glomerulonephritis or congenital kidney disease are also at the risk of getting the
Vitamin B12 deficiency limits selenium methylation and excretion resulting in higher tissue selenium levels and subsequent toxicity. It occurs in people whose digestive systems do not adequately absorb the vitamin from the foods they eat. Vegetarians who eat eggs and milk products are the most at risk because, on average, they consume less than half the adult vitamin B12 Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) while strict vegans (who don't eat any animal products, including meat, eggs, or milk) are at an even greater risk. Vitamin B12 is important since it works with the vitamin folate to make the body’s genetic material and help keep levels of the amino acid homocysteine in check which helps to decrease heart disease risk. It is also essential in the production of red blood cells which carry oxygen through the blood to the body’s tissues. Life Extension gives offers some of selenium supplements. Babies who are born of parents with low selenium and vitamin B12 rich foods are at risk of anaemia.
Hypercholesterolemia is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is a waxy fat-like substance and is a major class of lipid, so it gets into the blood by lipoproteins [1]. A high level of lipoproteins is unhealthy. A high level can result in an elevated risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease [2]. The high levels of lipoproteins are often influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors such as obesity or dieting habits [2]. High cholesterol can be caused by mutations in the following genes: APOB, LDLR, LDLRAP1, and PCSK9 [3]. Mutations in the LDLR gene are responsible for causing familial hypercholesterolemia, which is the most commonly seen form of inherited high cholesterol [3]. The LDLR gene contains instructions for making LDL receptors or low-density lipoprotein receptors. LDL receptors play critical roles in regulating levels of cholesterol in the blood by removing low-density lipoproteins from the bloodstream. Mutations in the LDLR gene can make the amount of LDL receptors produced less than normal or affect their job of removing the low-density lipoproteins in the blood [4]. People who have these mutations will have higher levels of cholesterol. There are many ways that the environment can affect the levels of cholesterol in the blood. Reducing the amount of dietary fat you consume lowers the total amount of cholesterol in the blood [5]. Sucrose and fructose can raise the amount of LDL in the blood. Reducing fatty foods will however lower the amount of LDL [5]. Having a healthy body and maintaining physical exercise plays a key role in keeping your cholesterol at a healthy level. If you are overweight or obese you can lower your cholesterol levels by simply losing ...
Chronic Wasting Disease is a highly transmissible, deadly neurodegenerative disease that affects cervids in North America (Belay et al., 2004; Saunders et al., 2012). There are only four types of cervid that are known to get this disease which include elk, mule deer, white-tailed deer, and moose (Chronic Wasting Disease Alliance). It has been classified has a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), otherwise known as a prion disease (Belay et al., 2004). A prion is an irregular, pathogenic agent that causes abnormal folding of specific proteins called prion proteins. These proteins are mostly located in the brain (Chronic Wasting Disease Alliance). The abnormal folding of this protein causes neurodegenerative diseases in a variety of species including humans, sheep, cattle, and deer (Abrams et al., 2011).
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that erythrocytes tolerate sickle shape red blood cells. These red blood cells are easy to damage, which leads to hemolytic anemia. Abnormal hemoglobin is fragile to low oxygen conditions within the body. It loses the blood solubility, and then forms thick strands called polymers. This gives the abnormal shape, called Sickle cell.
Anaemia, which is a low level of oxygen in the blood due to a lack of red blood cells or lack of haemoglobin heart failure, which means your heart is having problem pumping enough blood around your body, usually because the heart muscle has become too weak or stiff to work properly a problem with your heart rate or rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation.
Sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder that affects hemoglobin (pronounced: hee-muh-glow-bin), a protein found in red blood cells that helps carry oxygen throughout the body.
There are many causes of anemia in the body. Some factors include genetics and deficiencies in the diet. Ms. A claims that for the past 10 – 12 years menorrhagia and dysmenorrheal have been a problem for her. Menorrhagia is abnormal and heavy menstrual bleeding during menstruation (Mayoclinic, 2013). Menorrhagia can deplete iron levels in the blood and increase the risk of an individual to have iron deficiency anemia. This is the cause of Ms. A’s anemia. Moreover, Ms. A says that she constantly takes aspirin especially in the summer to prevent stiffness in the joints. Aspirin affects and hinders the production of red blood cells (Mayoclinic, 2013). From the description of anemia given above, the lack of red blood cells, leads to low levels of iron and therefore low levels of hemoglobin which in turn affects the transportation of oxygen and thereby causing shortness of breath. Ms. A’s initial complains of shortness of breath and fatigue is the reason why she went to see the physician.
Anemia is a disease that is commonly seen in veterinary medicine. This disease can be described as having low amounts of red blood cells and a reduced amount of hemoglobin in the circulating blood, which reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. It develops from loss, destruction or lack of production of red blood cells. Anemia is usually a secondary disease caused by another disease or medical condition. There are three different types of anemia; regenerative, non-regenerative and relative.
Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in the United States and often responsible for anemia and neurologic symptoms, particularly in the elderly.
Medications involve hydroxyurea that stimulates the production of the fetal hemoglobin which is a short-term treatment and causes new blood cells to not be sickled and folic acid increases folate stores responsible for the production of red blood cells. Other treatment options involve a bone marrow transplant which is more likely to cause the patient to get sick and are prone to infection more or blood transfusions to have normal red blood cells to carry out the blood cells’ function. However, it can not be done often because it causes high iron levels. Upon being diagnosed with sickle cell anemia, life may get a lot harder because you can get pain crisis, which can be sudden outbreaks and it can be mild or severe which may lead to necrosis, edema, and increased in pressure. You must also be more conscious of your health because your body cannot handle normal physical activity as others and is more prone to pain in joints, blockages in blood vessels which can lead to heart attacks and stroke and you must take your medications in time to ensure that you will not endanger yourself and be at risk of
A well-balanced diet contains all the necessary vitamins, and most individuals who follow such a diet can correct any previous vitamin deficiencies. However, persons who are on special diets, who are suffering from intestinal disorders that prevent normal absorption of nutrients, or who are pregnant or lactating may need particular vitamin supplements to bolster their metabolism. Beyond such real needs, vitamin supplements are also often popularly believed to offer "cures" for many diseases, from colds to cancer; but in fact the body quickly eliminates most of these preparations without absorbing them. In addition, the fat-soluble vitamins can block the effect of other vitamins and even cause severe poisoning when taken in excess.
Red blood cells are carriers of oxygen. A percentage of these cells contain hemoglobin, which has the capacity to combine with iron. It's the iron-hemoglobin molecular structure that helps carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to your tissues and in return, delivers carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be expelled. A CBC with Differential that shows low red blood cell levels can indicate anemia. RBCs comprise about 40% of total blood volume; the RBC count is the number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood (Rauen, 2012). Normal red blood cells values vary a...
Iron is a mineral that is found the in hemoglobin of the Red Blood Cells. It facilitates in the transport of oxygen all over the body. Without this mineral, oxygen cannot be carried to its full capacity. 1 out of 10 women and small children have iron deficiencies. Lacking iron causes lethargy and a weakened immune system. Children who do not have an adequate intake of iron put themselves at risk for intellectual developmental problems. However, an iron deficient person is not necessarily anemic. 7.8 million women are iron deficient, while only 3.3 million women are anemic (http://www.mayohealth.org/mayo/9704/iron_def.htm). When the deficiency becomes so severe that the circulating Red Blood Count and the minerals Ht, Hg, and Hem drop below normal, anemia occurs (See Figure 1). The hormone androgen causes men and women to have different normal values of the hemogram (http://www.medstudents.com.br/hemat/hemat4.htm). Low ferritin (iron storage molecule) and high TIBC (tota...
Thalassemia is a blood disorder transferred through families. It occurs when the body makes less hemoglobin than needed or an unusual form of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen. The disorder makes an excessive amount of destruction of red blood cells. This eventually leads to anemia.