Titration Investigation

Titration Investigation

Aim:

The aim of my investigation is to determine the solubility of calcium

Hydroxide solution with the aid of the titration process.

Titration can be defined as the method of determining the

concentration of a substance in solution by adding to it a standard

reagent of known concentration in carefully measured amounts until a

reaction of definite and known proportion is completed, as shown by a

color change or by electrical measurement, and then calculating the

unknown concentration.

An example could be, a given volume of a solution of unknown acidity

may be titrated with a base of known concentration until complete

neutralization has occurred. This point is called the equivalence

point and is generally determined by observing a color change in an

added indicator such as phenolphthalein. From the volume and

concentration of added base and the volume of acid solution, the

unknown concentration of the solution before titration can be

determined. Titrations can also be used to determine the number of

acidic or basic groups in an unknown compound. A specific weight of

the compound is titrated with a known concentration of acid or base

until the equivalence point has been reached. From the volume and

concentration of added acid or base and the initial weight of the

compound, the equivalent weight, and thus the number of acidic or

basic groups, can be computed. Instead of adding an indicator to

observe the equivalence point, one can construct a graph on which the

pH (see separate article) at regular intervals is plotted along one

axis and the number of moles of added acid or base at these intervals

...

... middle of paper ...

... there is

minimum chance of the equipment being knocked over. Therefore placing

the equipment towards the centre of the table is preferable rather

than towards the edges. It is important to wear safety spectacles and

labcoats throughout the course of the experiment. It is aslo advisable

to wear gloves when handling calcium hydroxide.

Disposal of residues:

Hydrochloric acid – Wear eye protection and gloves. Solutions are best

neutralised with sodium carbonate before being disposed of in the fouk

water drain with further dilution. Very dilute solutions used in

volumetric analysis may be washed away without neutralisation.

Calcium hydroxide – Wear eye protection and gloves. Add solid little

by little to a large excess of water in a bucket. Leave for one hour

before pouring the solution down the foul-water drain.