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Effects of poverty and crime
Corruption In Our Society
Effects of poverty and crime
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Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger shares the debauchery, fraud and cancer-like corruption dominating Indian society. With constant references to the corrupt practices existing in schools, hospitals, elections and the entirety of the government; Adiga explores injustice is common amongst all characters. Corruption exists in similar aspects of India; a tainted education system leaves Indian’s ‘half baked’ and forced to work off endless debt landlords steal from their families. Politicians, police and judges easily bribed with a high price tag, support a corrupt voting system, medical assistance and abuse of teacher salaries. Lastly a case of immorality can be seen through Balram’s twisted and warped morals to progress towards the ‘light’. Through …show more content…
Those living in the ‘darkness’ are almost entirely “half-baked”, meaning their education is limited, and evidently useless; forcing them to leave school and work for their family’s debt. Rickshaw pullers, tea shop workers or breaking coal, were among the various jobs available to the poor who like Balram’s father, would remain their future. However, education is vital to one’s success and thus those of low social status are inherently poor “you always talk about a man’s education when describing him”. The governments refusal to pay teacher salaries (6 months at most) made stealing students lunch money and rejection to teach unless “[a] pay cheque arrived in the mail” tolerable. Furthermore, auctioning of student uniforms to satisfy his salary was perceived as a justified rebellion against a corrupt system. Balram gains his resemblance to a “white tiger” due to his rare intellect among his generation of “thugs and idiots”. Thus, Balram is seen to have been given a chance to initiate his way to ‘light’. Balram who reveals his family as a restriction to becoming successful, learns that he must use corruption to “live like a man” and learns his real education of the world on the “roads and pavement”. Consequently, education stagnates the low social class of India leaving them to live lives of survival rather than pleasant
As a citizen in the first world, I was consistently exposed to the idea that third world countries are not just economically impoverished but also less humane and civilized. In my grade 5 environment unit, I was taught that China and India were “evil” for only using non-renewable resources and cutting funding to clean energy. It makes sense, given India’s history of colonialization, limited resources, and large population that people would resort to corruption and underhanded dealings. However, I am more astonished that many people do try to be good. Katherine Boo presents within Behind the Beautiful Forevers a microcosm of society in the slums of Annawadi. Some individuals in the novel try to preserve their dignity despite the systematic oppression against them, and some submit wholly into corruption and exploitation. Hence, what can this book reveal about the origin of corruption in individuals? In a society of extreme poverty and injustice, is it possible to remain virtuous?
In Annawadi, the slum setting of the book “Behind the Beautiful Forevers,” nearly everything falls under the law of the free market. Things that most countries deem “basic rights,” the Indian people of Annawadi have to pay for. Clean water, education, and medical attention from hospitals are just a few things that are exploited by police officers, gangs and slumlords. The liberalization of India caused the country to begin a process of economic reform. People from the countryside flocked to the cities to find work in the new booming economy that no longer depended on its agriculture. With the increase in population around the bustling cities, came competiveness for opportunity. This competiveness made poverty rates skyrocket, making corruption (and corrupt activities) in Annawadi the only clear way of making it out of the slums. “In the West, and among some in the Indian elite, this word, corruption, had purely negative connotations; it was seen as blocking India’s modern, global ambitions. But for the poor of the country where corruption thieved a great deal of opportunity, corrupti...
Gray Wolf Optimization Gray wolf optimization is presented in the following subsections based on the work in [13]. 1) Inspiration: Grey wolves are considered as apex predators, meaning that they are at the top of the food chain. Grey wolves mostly prefer to live in a pack. The group size is 512 on average. They have a very strict social dominant hierarchy.
Minor White was an American Photographer and considered one of the most influential photographers of the post WWII era. He was not only a photographer but a teacher of the medium as well as one of the founders of Aperture Magazine which is still around today (Stamberg).
Conformity, the act of changing to fit in. Conformity can completely change a person whether it be their looks, such as their the way they dress, or their personality, like the way they act around certain people. In The Sociology of Leopard Man Logan Feys argues that being human has a right to it, and that right is to be who you are. Society pushes out certain people for not fitting in with everyone else, but also says that nobody should fit in, because everyone has a different personality.
Themes are central to the plot of any story. In fact, themes are the purpose to an author writing anything. By definition, a theme is the subject or topic of a work. Some themes, like that in “A Good Man is Hard to Find” are more obvious, while others, such as, “Hills Like White Elephants” are less clear and require readers to do some deep reading and critical thinking in order to identify the purpose of it, and through strong reading techniques, audiences will find valuable lessons embedded within the themes can enlighten and even revive our thinking.
In The White Tiger, by Aravind Adiga our protagonist struggles in his journey to adulthood. Born to a rickshaw puller who ends up dying of tuberculosis due to government corruption, Balram sets his sights to become somebody better than his father–– someone who wears the uniform–– as he’s a smart person and an entrepreneur. On his journey, he is confronted with many difficult decisions which help him discover the kind of person that he is; while also learning how corrupt the upper class is and how that has to do with the government. In the end he succeeds and goes from a rooster in the Rooster Coop, to somebody who 's broken out and made it–– out of the darkness, into the light. However, this doesn
With all this character development, it’s hard to know who to trust. Balram is a prisoner of the Rooster coop, and ends up a murderer in order to get out. In a way, he finally got out of the Darkness of the Rooster Coop and came into the entrepreneur's light. The morality in the story shows the good and bad of the characters and show us, the reader, who these characters really are. Overall, Balram is a fair person, who works hard to succeed. It isn’t right to kill a man, but it did serve as judgement and a key. Balram and Mr. Ashok will never be as they seemed to be, but Balram can be trusted as a first hand source, and also shows others opinions, which show trust and how much he has changed since the beginning to the end. He has finally left the darkness for the
In the novel, The White Tiger, by Aravind Adiga the main character, is Balram, one of the children in the “darkness” of India. Adiga sheds a new light on the poor of India, by writing from the point of view of a man who was at one time in the “darkness” or the slums of India and came into the “light” or rich point of view in India. Balram’s job as a driver allows him to see both sides of the poverty line in India. He sees that the poor are used and thrown away, while the rich are well off and have no understanding of the problems the poor people must face. The servants are kept in a mental “Rooster Coop” by their masters. The government in India supposedly tries to help the poor, but if there is one thing Adiga proves in The White Tiger, it is that India’s government is corrupted. Despite the government promises in India designed to satisfy the poor, the extreme differences between the rich and the poor and the idea of the Rooster Coop cause the poor of India to remain in the slums.
In the novel there are 5 highlighted motifs, they are the following: Darkness and Light, The Half-Baked Man, The White Tiger, Big Bellies and Small Bellies, and The Rooster Coop. In the next 3 paragraphs I plan to explain why Balram uses these 5 motifs to teach us about India
Poverty on social conditions affects everyone in every part of the world, no matter if they are rich or poor. First of all, everyone is divided into some sort of social class. The most known classes are the economic classes- the lower class, the middle class, and the higher class. The lower class goes through arduous labor all day and night to earn decent amounts of money to provide for themselves and their families. Most likely, they are the only source of income for the entire family. The higher class works hard to keep up or raise their high social status. They also work hard so they don’t loss their social rank, which permits them to hold a higher power over the middle and lower classes. Similarities of decisions made by characters in these two literary works will analyzed to understand the meaning behind the actions and influences of the social classes on each other.
Aravind Adiga in his psycho-social thriller, The White Tiger, explores issues that modern day India faces, ranging from social mobility to globalization, and morality to corruption. Adiga’s use of an epistolary novel allows his first person narrator to not only provide a commentary on the socio-political and geopolitical problems that India face, but also reflect on the effects of these problems on his own life. Adiga exploits the corruption in India and uses it as device to develop Balram’s character, as he journeys from “the darkness” to “the light”. It is true that Balram becomes increasingly corrupted, and at some points the reader may sympathise with him, however at other points, his actions cannot be justified. Growing up, Balram is tainted
Balram sticks out in a crowd of regular Indians. As the novel progresses, more of this individuality starts to penetrate and he prays for the time where he can embrace it. As Sara Schotland explains it, “The tiger metaphor is the key to Balram’s character: he is absolutely unwilling to remain in the cage to which he is assigned by family, caste, and society” (Schotland). This quest for self expression which Balram undergoes, is not typically found in people of his kind, further validating that he is indeed “The White
The film “Slumdog Millionaire” tells the story of Jamal Malik, an 18 year old orphan form the slums in Mumbai, who rises from the slums to wealth overnight on India’s version of the television show Who Wants to be a Millionaire?. Jamal is uneducated and poor, for this reason he is arrested and accused of cheating immediately after the show. Desperate to prove his innocence, Jamal tells his life story of growing up in the slums in Mumbai with his brother Salim and we learn about his vicious encounters with local gangs. With each chapter of his life story, Jamal reveals how he knew the answer to each and every question he was asked in the show. Although many people may argue that “Slumdog Millionaire” does not accurately depict poverty and slums in India, overall, the film manages to show the reality of life for many children in
Aravind Adiga in his debut novel The White Tiger, which won the Britain’s esteemed Booker Prize in 2008, highlights the suffering of a subaltern protagonist in the twenty first century known as materialism era. Through his subaltern protagonist Balram Halwai, he highlights the suffering of lower class people. This novel creates two different India in one “an India of Light and an India of Darkness” (Adiga, p. 14). The first one represents the prosperous India where everyone is able to dream a healthy and comfortable life. The life of this “Shining India” reflects through giant shopping malls, flyovers, fast and furious life style, neon lights, modern vehicles and a lot of opportunities which creates hallucination that India is competing with western countries and not far behind from them. But, on the other side, the life nurtures with poverty, scarcity of foods, life taking diseases, inferiority, unemployment, exploitation and humiliation, homelessness and environmental degradation in India of darkness.