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Women around the world have played either a small or no role at all in the success of their societies. Empires such as the Mongol empire succeeded through economic rise and land expansion. In “The Secret History of the Mongol Queens”, by Jack Weatherford, the Mongol Queens helped raise the empire into a great one, but due to an incident “war on women” it collapsed from staying cohesive. Genghis Khan’s daughters were in charge of maintaining healthy relationships with other tribes, and of expanding the empire. Yet, Ogodei, one of Genghis Khan’s sons decided to overthrow his father’s legacy and do things his way. The Mongol empire would have lasted longer and remained well integrated but because of Ogodei’s greed, violation of laws towards women, …show more content…
The Silk Road is a network of trade connections between China, India, and the Mediterranean that exchange goods. Through the management of Genghis Khan’s daughters, the Silk Road attained a high level of global importance. The significance of achieving a global level is that it shares important information to other societies such as diplomatic correspondence, tax receipts and census summaries along with other things. It is important for information like this to travel around in order for the empire to grow and learn new things to improve. The Mongol’s always had the desire to attained more territory, “As they acquire new lands, they increasingly craved control of richer agricultural and urban areas nearby to increase their wealth and power through tribute,” (WA 395). Genghis Khan’s daughters …show more content…
However, it did not have the same composition that it was built on. In this instance, Genghis Khan’s daughters- in-law took matters into their hands and decided to obtain power. They were not ordinary house wives, “…they had grown up at the center of political and diplomatic life and been exposed to the intrigues that simmer and periodically explode in every power center,” 94 These women were not naïve and had a knowledgeable background in regards to controlling an empire. They knew exactly what needed to be done and how it had to be implemented. They reign until there son’s were old enough to rule for themselves. Toregene, Ogodei’s widowed prove to be worthy to rule her dead husband’s empire. She managed to, “ in pursuit of her own policies, she dismissed all her late husbands’s ministers and replaced them with her own,” (95). Not only did she care for the empire, she also had her own agenda in mind and was ready to start. She later managed to appoint a woman named Fatima to the highest governmental positions in the empire instead of her sons. “Despite being the mother of five sons, she chose not to move them into high positions of critical importance in her new government,” (95). Toregene knew better than to place her own blood into high occupations because they were to young and did not have any experience. She managed to conquer more lands but at the expense of getting rid of the
The Mongols, or as the Western Europeans called them, the Tartars, were a nomadic, militant people that dominated the battlefield during the pre-industrial time period (“Tartars” 7). Over the span of the 13th century, from the Central Asian steppes in the east to the Arabian lands to the west, the Tartars subdued the unfortunate inhabitants and expanded their empire vastly. To the fear and dismay of the Western Europeans, the Tartars desired to triumph over all of Eurasia; therefore, the Western Europeans were to be conquered next. News of the imminent Tartarian attack rapidly spread through West Europe like a wildfire, and the powerful Holy Roman Church contended to prepare a strategy against the onslaught. In the year 1245, Pope Innocent IV, the head of the Church at the time, sent a group of Friars led by Giovanni da Pian del Carpini to gather some knowledge about the Tartars. It was a dreaded mission, one that would probably end in a terrible death, since the Tartars were a cruel people towards outsiders. Nevertheless, Carpini valiantly ventured into the unknown darkness, and returned to his homeland with valuable information about the Tartars. Through the insight he gained during his travels, he wrote his account of the Tartars in a report called the “Historia Mongalorum” (“Tartars” 19), which is known today as “The Story of the Mongols Whom We Call the Tartars”.
Mongol empire was the largest land empire of the world has ever seen. First began as a nomadic group of tribes. Mongols were united and emerged into an empire that conquered lands stretching from Europe to Central Asia under the rule of Genghis Khan. The Mongol empire was able to succeed in expanding, and conquering was due to their ability to adapt to any living conditions, their sheer brutality force, and their strong military organization.
Gender parallelism, as defined by Karen Vieira Powers, is “women and men operat[ing] in two separate but equivalent spheres, each gender enjoying autonomy in its own sphere.” From 1150-1400, Inca women and men each had their own gender-based hierarchies for religion and political organizations. Labor was also gender separated; as neither men nor women were seen as being an appointed with tasks of higher worth or auxiliary tasks. Another facet of parallelism was that of gendered inheritance. Female and male children inherited their parents’ money, property, and title through the respective gendered parent – mother to daughter and father to son. Overall, the Incas viewed gender parallelism as an opportunity to create balance and harmony within society. It was initially not intended to create blatant dominant and subordinate groups. Nevertheless, it is essential to recognize that these separate spheres convened at the apex of joined political systems, which was the male Inca ruler – the “paramount ruler” . The political convergence plays a crucial role in the later evolution of gender parallelism.
Sorghaghtani Beki was a Khereid princess and daughter-in-law of Temüjin (Genghis Khan) and is known to have been one of the most influential and knowledgeable women in the Mongol Empire. She had four sons with Tolui, the youngest son of Genghis Khan, and she worked it so that her sons were the ones to inherit the birthright of their grandfather. She raised each one of her sons and prepared them by educating them and teaching them the languages of the lands that they ruled. Sorghaghtani, although she was illiterate, realized the value of literacy and instilled that in her children. Unlike most of the Mongols, Sorghaghtani was Nestorian Christian instead of Shamanistic. When her son Kubilai was Khan, he gave her, her own territory in North China.
Because they did not have a traditional role in government, women had work their way around the system to gain any type of political leverage. Empress Lu violated every cultural and social norm by retaining power as a regent throughout the reins of her son, grandson and adopted grandson. Tradidtionaly regents ruled from behind the scenes while the emperor himself was unable to make decisions, usualy due to age or heath complications, however Empress Lu eradicated any competitors for the thrown. As the end of her reign was nearing, she expected her nephews to succeed her. Even as the first empress, not unfamiliar with disrupting tradition, she left the emperorship to the next male in her bloodline (Doc. 5) not a female. Though Empress Lu defied all expectations of women, her power as an Empress was still undisputed due to the Mandate of Heaven, an idea originating in the Shang dynasty....
The Ottoman Empire was one of the longest running empires in history, spanning 624 years. The women of the Ottoman empire were often limited to the household of their husband’s and held back by Ottoman lawmakers and authorities. The point of view of outsiders was varied, but there were both positive and negative views.
The Mongols are one of the biggest motorcycle gangs and organized crime groups. This writer will examine the Mongols criminal activity to prove that they are an organized crime group. This will be done through the examination of the group’s involvement in racketeering, murder, guns, drugs, and assault.
The Mongol Empire was the largest land-based empire in world history during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries C.E. The Mongols protected prominent trade routes in Eurasia such as the Silk Road. This allowed for an increase in interregional trade and brought about the spread of new cultures, ideas, and technologies to Eastern Europe and other regions of the world. Due to this diffusion of technology, at the beginning of the fifteenth century a German inventor by the name of Johannes Gutenberg invented what we know now as the printing press in the Holy Roman Empire. This allowed for the mass-producing of books and papers and helped fuel the new Scientific Revolution’s idea of doubting religions and other previous ideas, accepting only
Although the Mongols set their primary trading system along the Silk Road, the Mongols also set out trade in Europe. The Mongols had a passport like system used mainly in China, because of the long distant trade through regions many languages were encountered, thus the paisa or passport comes in play. The paisa is said to have an inscription which is said to be the permission from the ruler to travel through the region. The paisa or passport was brought by the Mongols to Europe, and then adopted by the European.
The Mongols were a group of nomadic people who were known for not only their ferocity in battle but also their tolerance of other cultures. Over the course of their many empires, the Mongols conquered lands from as far as the Korean peninsula to the Islamic civilizations of the Middle East. The movement of the Mongol people into these areas was met with mixed opinions, as members of some societies respected the braveness of the Mongols while others saw them as destructive. According to Ala-ad-Din Ata-Malik Juvaini, 15th century Korean scholars, and Rashid al-Din, the Mongols were a group of tolerant people who attempted to eradicate injustice and corruptness (1,3,4). However, members of other societies viewed the Mongols as coldhearted and merciless because of the damage they dealt in the conquest of Russian cities and the taxes they forced upon their conquered societies (1,2). Nonetheless, some scholars and historians recognized the Mongols power and braveness, but were indifferent with their views of the Mongol civilization.
The Mongols, a nomadic society in the 13th century, were quickly able to conquer a vast amount of land in Eurasia. The Mongols were able to accomplish expanding their empire so widely and so fast because they had many military tactics, and their army was extremely well trained. These both got them a leg up on their enemies. The Mongols were incredibly ruthless at times in battle and used interrogation tactics to gain intel. Plus, their soldiers were trained from a very young age and always prepared.
Throughout ancient civilizations, women were lower than men. In some civilizations like Mesopotamia society, women were below slaves. It is not shocking that they would still not be equal to men. In Roman society, women had more independence and people were more encouraging of women being educated in philosophy. In the Hans society, women did not have any freedom. They were required to follow what the men told them. By examining Gaius Musonius Rufus’ essay and Ban Zhao’s essay, the views of women were different. Woman in Roman society had more freedom and women in the Han’s society were required to fulfill her responsibilities.
The Mongol and Spanish Empires had some similarities when considering their road to successful empire building. Trade was very important for both the Mongols and Spanish Empires. Because geography restricted access to resources, trade was the ideal mechanism to overt that problem. Both empires flourished because of trade networks that they created. The Mongols and Spanish Empires relied heavily on trade in order to gain access to resources that they did not have in their own locations. The Mongol Empire valued and encouraged trade because of their lack of resources. The Silk Roads were the primary trade network that was linked to the Mongol Empire. Trade was important to the Mongols because they were able tax it. Secure trade routes were a result of the Mongols which allowed for cities to flourish and prosper with the spre...
The Mongols influenced the world in many great ways, one of them was their vast trade system. They relied quite heavily on trade, not only to gain resources, but also to get their inventions and objects to the Europeans and then hopefully spread from there. The Mongols enhanced the trading system by composing the “Silk Road”. The Silk Road was a path/road that the Mongols had control of and it was a trade route that many travelers and traders took. Along the Silk Road, the main resource that was traded was silk, hence the name “Silk Road.” The
This piece of literary work is one of the few surviving historical literature detailing about the Mongolians existence. The author is not known and even if people date it back to the year 1240, the real date when it was written and the literatures original title is still a debatable matter. Nevertheless, irrespective of these uncertainties, one thing is known to be for sure; the secret history of the Mongols is a piece of literary works that bears a lot of importance in literature and history. It owes its importance to the fact that it serves as a recount of the Mongol Khans genealogy and the times and life of Genghis Khan who founded the state of Mongol. The story tries to unveil the mysteries of great legends that existed in history.