Throughout time, many civilizations have been noted as ‘great’ pertaining to not only the characteristics of their leaders, but also by how well they spread and influence other nations. The Mongol and Achaemenid (Early Persian) empire are two empires that held a significant amount of power during their time period. There were many different religions practiced in the civilizations, and the practice and tolerance of religion is an important aspect to the power of a nation. The Mongol empire and the Achaemenid empire are two empires that are considerably different in regards to their belief systems that were practiced and the motivation behind their religious tolerance, but share a similarity in the the influence and power that they had over surrounding nations.
The belief systems of the Mongol and Persian Empire differed because of the main practices in each Empire. In the Mongol empire- during the reign of Ghenghis Khan- the dominant religions were Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam. In the Early Persian Empire, the most practiced religion was Zoroastrianism- which was the first monotheistic religion. The Mongols practiced the religion of Christianity which originated from Israel, and became one of the largest widespread religions in the world. Christianity is centered around the teachings of Jesus Christ; a prophet from Bethlehem who was considered to be The Son of God. The religion Islam originated from the middle east and the followers worship the God “Allah” and share similar stories to those that are in the Old testament of the Bible.
Christianity and Islam are monotheistic religions, but Buddhism differs from those religions as it is considered more of a ‘lifestyle’ than a specific type of religion. Buddhism centers around ...
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...nisms and used religious tolerance to obtain more people who would be “on their side”. The Persians were powerful because of the impact that they left on the world for other nations to grasp and understand in the future. They were the basis for many inventions that we use today, or have expanded upon. The differences between the Mongol and Persian Empire mostly dealt with religion and their motivation behind whether or not they were tolerant of other religions or not. The
Mongols were almost ‘forced’ to be tolerant because they were such a large empire, and many of their followers came from different faiths. These two empires had both differences and similarities in both religion and politics. The differences and similarities enabled the nations to stand on solid ground and conquer many areas around the world. These empires became stepping stones for nations to come.
...s misused their common material interest to overcome the political fault diving them, while giving up political unity they had conserved a combined cultural and commercial empire. The connection that the Mongol Empire relied on was the quick and constant motion of people, goods, and information around the empire.
Mongol empire was the largest land empire of the world has ever seen. First began as a nomadic group of tribes. Mongols were united and emerged into an empire that conquered lands stretching from Europe to Central Asia under the rule of Genghis Khan. The Mongol empire was able to succeed in expanding, and conquering was due to their ability to adapt to any living conditions, their sheer brutality force, and their strong military organization.
Both the glorious empires, the Mali established in 1230 by the founder Sundiata and Mongol founded by Genghis Khan in 1206 contain much more differences than similarities. When the rise of the Mali and Mongol Empires began to arise they had significant effects towards the areas in which they were located. Some similarities include religious tolerance and cultural growth by trade. Some differences include violence methods and religion. Even though both of these superlative empires arose in difference regions they shared some common views as well.
The Mongols; a vicious and destructive military force, feared throughout its empire and under the rule of one man, Chinggis Khan. This picture of the Mongols and their empire is one often painted by our modern society. However, much of what we think we know about the Mongols has been exaggerated and biased from the point of view of the people that were conquered. In reality, the Mongols, although at times violent and destructive, bore many similarities in tactics and practices to the classical empires that had preceded them. They were not just simple barbaric savages looking to destroy whatever they could. They were a people united for a common purpose, trying to achieve it the same way that prior civilizations had done so: military force. Even though a Western perspective may find the actions of the Mongols objectionable, it must be understood that this was not a Western society, nor did it house the same values as one. The Mongols were not the destructive barbarians they are often made out to be, but rather an effective military force working for unification.
Throughout ancient years, there have been many empires that have impacted culture, politics, religion, and people. The Mongol empire and the Roman empire both had their ways of growing their empires, administering their empires, having successes and failures, and legacies. As the empires began to take shape, expand, and become more complex, they will important in the lives of people.
Throughout the history of mankind, many factors have contributed to the evolution of civilizations. Major empires of the past have demonstrated the ability to vastly expand their territory. The Persian and Roman empires are excellent examples of how civilizations can progress and create enormous realms. Amongst the factors that have contributed to the organization of these empires include religion, political institutions, and infrastructure. With out these key essential elements, a strong argument can be made that these empires would not have thrived for as long as they did. This comparative essay will discuss the similarities and differences in religion, government, and infrastructure between the Persian and Roman empires.
Religion has throughout history has always been an important part of countries across the world. The world’s first religions were founded hundreds of years ago, yet they still hold an important role in today’s society. It is important to look at how religions were like in the past, especially in the Middle Ages several centuries after the major religions first formed in order to find out why religions are still relevant in the present. Without finding out the history behind religion in the past, we would never know how and why the practice of religion is still going on. Both the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic Caliphates were two of the most powerful states at the time before the 1450’s. In the Byzantium Empire most people followed a form of Christianity similar to today’s Eastern Orthodox while in the Islamic Caliphates the dominant religion was Islam.
Genghis Khan, born Temujin in 1162 AD was known as the Great Unifier for the Mongols. The Mongols were nomadic people that originated from what is today known as Mongolia. Khan, whose name means ‘Universal Leader’ is known as the founder of the Mongol’s empire before his death in 1227 AD. He started by conquering most of Asia such and pretty much all of China. During this expansion, while the Mongols conquered these places, they did not yet occupy any of them. It was more like unifying the world, or as much of it as possible, under one banner. However, the Mongol expansion, like everything in this life, had consequences. One of its most dire one was the reopening of the Afro-Eurasian trade routes and starting trading again. That is a dire consequence
The Mongols were a group of nomadic people who were known for not only their ferocity in battle but also their tolerance of other cultures. Over the course of their many empires, the Mongols conquered lands from as far as the Korean peninsula to the Islamic civilizations of the Middle East. The movement of the Mongol people into these areas was met with mixed opinions, as members of some societies respected the braveness of the Mongols while others saw them as destructive. According to Ala-ad-Din Ata-Malik Juvaini, 15th century Korean scholars, and Rashid al-Din, the Mongols were a group of tolerant people who attempted to eradicate injustice and corruptness (1,3,4). However, members of other societies viewed the Mongols as coldhearted and merciless because of the damage they dealt in the conquest of Russian cities and the taxes they forced upon their conquered societies (1,2). Nonetheless, some scholars and historians recognized the Mongols power and braveness, but were indifferent with their views of the Mongol civilization.
Buddhism is currently the fourth most popular religion in our society today, following Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. Its major ideologies are based on the philosophies of Siddhartha Guatama, also known as “Buddha”, who began his teachings in 598 BCE at the age of 35, according to Buddhist texts. A Buddhist’s foremost aspiration is the obtainment of Bodhi, or enlightenment through meditation and Anapana-sati (awareness of the breath). Buddhism shares many ideologies with India’s Hinduism and Yoga such as non-harming, non-violence, and self-awareness. In many instances, people regard Buddhism as a way of life rather than a religion, for it has no clear belief in the idea of a God or Gods. Its structure is built upon a hierarchy much like Christianity where superior orders such as Lamas or the Dalai Lama are said to be chosen by nature through the process of reincarnation rather than by a council like Christianity’s Pope. Though these “higher level” Buddhists are rare (not everyone is a reincarnation of an ancient Buddhist “priest”), all are permitted to follow “The Middle Way” either as a Buddhist monk or the simple attendance of a weekly teaching session from time to time. Throughout the last few hundred years the Buddhist population has blossomed into a healthy 381,611,000 and over fifteen different sects including Zen, Mahayana, and Theravada.
Finally, one more good thing that came out of Mongol rule was that Genghis Khan rule was that he accepted all religions. He knew that he could never unite a country under one religion or the people would rebel so he saw it best to let them do their own religions. Sometimes thanks to the trading routes religions intermingled. Also thanks to these trading routes different religions reached different places.
In the 13th century BC, the Mongols rose to power and conquered an empire whose size still has yet to matched. The Mongols conquered lands such as China, leaving such a lasting influence on them that their legacy still lives on. However, despite the Mongols success, their actions have left a constantly ongoing debate on whether they were barbarians, seen and portrayed by different societies of their time as people with no morale or modern civilities, or civilized people who were just feared by other societies. Although the Mongols are generally now seen as Barbarians because of their violent and barbaric war tactics they used to instill fear in people, they are actually civilized because they had a strategically organized army, and because they were accepting of the customs of other peoples. These two elements would eventually lead them to their success.
The Mongols, a nomadic society in the 13th century, were quickly able to conquer a vast amount of land in Eurasia. The Mongols were able to accomplish expanding their empire so widely and so fast because they had many military tactics, and their army was extremely well trained. These both got them a leg up on their enemies. The Mongols were incredibly ruthless at times in battle and used interrogation tactics to gain intel. Plus, their soldiers were trained from a very young age and always prepared.
grew and lasted for about 108 years until they failed by trying to conquer India and were weak the Ming Dynasty overthrew the rulers. The Mongols were not afraid to kill. If one person refuses to do something for them their whole clan will pay, they would leave no survivors. That's what helped make them so successful, many had heard about their gruesome approach and surrendered and accepted submissions. The Mongolians of the Asian Steppe had a positive impact on the world during their rule of the Asian continent from 1206 to 1368 by influencing trade, warfare and uniting China.
...o the practice of other religions throughout his empire because his religion allowed for him to be a more moral and upright leader. However, Darius was a firm believer in the punishment of evil-doers. This can be seen by the inscription on the relief above the Royal Road, which stated that “The Lie made them rebellious, so that these [men] deceived the people. Afterwards Ahuramazda put them into my hand; as was my desire, so I did unto them (Primary Source, 131).” This supports the idea that Zoroastrianism, created benevolent yet firm political dignitaries.