Page 2 Vicki is a 42 year-old African American woman who was recently diagnosed with hypertension. Hypertension, also know as high blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the arteries as it flows through them. Arteries are the blood vessels that carry the oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body’s tissues. One of the main reasons hypertension can be so dangerous is because you may not even know you’re suffering from it, in fact, nearly one-third of patients suffering from hypertension don’t even know that they have it (WebMD 2015). The number one reason hypertension goes undetected for so long is because in most cases, there are no clear warning signs of the blood pressure being high. Some signs/symptoms …show more content…
Experts are now looking into how socioeconomic disadvantages and lifestyle factors may add to these risks. African-Americans are more likely to: be sensitive to the effects of salt on blood pressure, be overweight/obese, and are more likely to have a family history of diabetes. Other things that may make up for the difference in high blood pressure risk are: less access to health care and health care information, lower levels of education and income, lack of resources for a healthy lifestyle, stressful lifestyle from things such as unemployment and living in neighborhoods with noise, violence, and poverty, smoking and diets high in salt, fat, and sugar, and low in vegetables and fiber. There are interventions that have proven to reduce the Page 4 impact of high blood pressure by; reducing dietary salt, making fresh fruit and vegetables more affordable and accessible, implementing weight loss and exercise programs and utilizing blood pressure lowering medications. "The current focus of many health systems is on treating hypertension directly, and while treatments are effective in reducing morbidity and mortality, they are also very costly. Focusing efforts on primary prevention or treatment may have a significant impact on costs in the long term,” says McBrien. (McBrien
As early as the 1800s clinicians began to take a closer look at elevated blood pressure levels, they soon found high correlation between hypertension, stroke, and other heart diseases. They also established that high levels of blood pressure effected both privilege and underprivileged, and within the years they have noted the disease have become more prevalent in the African American culture. Long term studies, such as randomized controlled trial studies, unveiled
High Blood Pressure is anything that alters in peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate, or stroke volume that affects systematic arterial blood pressure. Long term effect of high blood pressure are serious and can cause heart attacks, strokes, kidney failure, and retinal damage. Hypertension is another medical word that substitutes the meaning of high blood pressure. It is known as the “silent killer” because it does not create any symptoms. The most common reason for high blood pressure is arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis is the thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries, occurring in old age. Four control systems have a job in maintaining blood pressure. These are the arterial baroreceptor and chemoreceptors’ system, regulation of body fluid volume, the renin- angiotensin system, and vascular autoregulation. Primary hypertension mostly occurs from a defect or malfunction in some or all of these
If we were to apply a longitude exposure study over the span of 42 years from the time an inner-city child is born, we may conclude that life experiences resulting from potential malnutrition, underprivileged environments, and overall lack of health education are the leading contributors to adult African American deaths. Studies show that 8 of the 10 leading causes in the deaths of African Americans are medical disease, which with proper education and care may have been prevented and/or addressed earlier in their life to diagnose and treat. The fact is Heart Disease is the leading cause of deaths for African Americans. When compared to other ethnicities, some form of heart disease causes 24.5% of African American deaths. These numbers are astounding considering Blacks make up approximately only 14.2% of the total U.S. population. The contributing factor is lack of knowledge and family medical screening. Understanding the history of your genial line specific to your race and ...
Blood pressure is a measurement of the force against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps blood through your body. Hypertension is another term used to describe high blood pressure. This common condition increases the risk for heart disease and stroke, two leading causes of death for Americans. High blood pressure contributed to more than 362,895 deaths in the United States during 2010. Approximately 67 million persons in the United States have high blood pressure, and only half of those have their condition under control. An estimated 46,000 deaths could be avoided annually if 70% of patients with high blood pressure were treated according to published guidelines (Patel, Datu, Roman, Barton, Ritchey, Wall, Loustalot; 2014).
Hypertension, known as high blood pressure, affects millions of people, including children, teenagers, and adults. Treatment of hypertension comes in many forms, which includes complete lifestyle and diet modifications (Hypertension: Overview & Facts, n.d.). High blood pressure can damage the heart, brain, and kidneys, without any noticeable symptoms. The effectiveness of case management can control hypertension and prevent the risks for further complications. The case managers can work with patients who have difficulties managing their blood pressure, through the use of medications, as well as self-care management, which includes the modification of lifestyle, and diet, as well as adequate exercise. Research as well as substantial evidence has shown that, individuals can reduce their risk for cardiovascular disease by lowering their blood pressure through lifestyle modifications, medications, or both.
Hypertension is also known as high blood pressure about 25% of all adults have high blood pressure, normal blood pressure in an adult is measure is less than 120/80 the top number is known as systolic and the bottom diastolic any reading above this is known as hypertension. If the blood pressure is regularly high this can damage to the blood vessels kidney, heart and other parts of the body which can result in a stroke or heart attack, causes of high blood pressure may be more than one thing for example too much salt in a person’s diet, being overweight, not eating enough fruits and vegetables and other life factors like stress. It is known that doctors are not too sure of the causes but the lifestyle of a person can have an effect. As you get older you’re more at risk of getting high blood pressure (hypertension), but taking part in exercise can help reduce your changes and control your blood pressure if you have already been diagnosed with high blood pressure. Read in blood pressure “the American heart association estimates that a third of adults have a high blood pressure and that in America high blood pressure killed over 55,000 people in 2005 alone” (Davis,2013)
"Hispanics have more deaths from diabetes and chronic liver disease than whites, and similar numbers of deaths from kidney disease" (CDC, 2015). Even though the percentage of Hispanics suffering from high blood pressure is 17% in comparison to 20% of whites. Hispanics are 68% who suffer from poorly controlled high blood pressure compared to whites which are 54%. Health risks may vary among Hispanic subgroups and whether they are US born or not. Lower death rate is suffered by the Hispanic than whites.
What is hypertension? Hypertension is a medical condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated. (Nordqvist 2013) Hypertension is commonly known as high blood pressure. If hypertension is left untreated, it can cause severe health problems such as stroke and heart failure. In order to treat hypertension, the drug Losartan is used. Losartan is an angiotensin-II receptor antagonist (AIIRA). In other words, it can also be known as angiotensin receptor blocker. (Allen 2012)
Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is more often found in males than in females as age increases then reverses around the age of 65. There is about 67 million of American adults that have high blood pressure, which is 31 percent, that comes down to one in every three American adults (High Blood Pressure Facts, CDC.com). Hypertension is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood your heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in your arteries. The more blood your heart pumps and the narrower your arteries, the higher your blood pressure (“What Is High Blood Pressure, NIH.com).
Hypertension is a general disease that is basically defined as continual elevated arterial blood pressure (BP).1 Blood pressure measurement for adults in the absence of acute end organ damage are classified as follows: Normal blood pressure is indicated if Systolic blood pressure (SBP) is less than 120mmHg and Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is lower than 80mmHg and required to be rechecked in two years, Prehypertension is defined if SBP is between 120-139mmHg or DBP within 80-89mmHg and required to recheck in one year, stage 1 hypertension is defined as SBP between 140 -159mmHg or DBP of 90-99mmHg and need to be proven within 2 months and Stage 2 hypertension is SBP of 160mmHg or higher or a DBP of 100mgHg or higher and need to
High blood pressure, or hypertension, is the amount of force of your blood against the walls of your arties. The normal pressure for the force of your blood vessels is less than 120mm HG over less than 80mm HG. It is considered high blood pressure, stage 1, at 130mm Hg over 80mm Hg and
Foëx, P., et al; (2004). Hypertension: pathophysiology and treatment. Arterial hypertension is an important reason of morbidity and mortality because of its connection with coronary heart disease, cerebro-vascular disease and renal disease. The degree of target organ involvement (i.e. heart, kidneys and brain) determines results. Studies in North America have shown that hypertension is a major reason of 500000 strokes (250 000 deaths) and 1000 000 myocardial imperfections (500000 deaths) per year. Continuous National survey reveals that hypertension is often not detected and, when diagnosed, is often improperly treated. Among hypertensive patients, only 25% cases are well handled. This is true for isolated systolic hypertension. Yet the occurrence
There are several known risk factors for hypertension such as, family history ( if your parents have hypertension you are more likely to have hypertension), age (as we age our blood vessels tend to loose elasticity), gender (up to the age of 45 men are more likely to have HTN greater than the age of 65 women are more likely to have HTN), race ( African Americans have a higher incidence of developing HTN), sedentary lifestyle ( lack of physical activity), diet ( high sodium, high fat diets increase your risk of developing HTN), being overweight ( BMI greater than 30), smoking ( causes coronary constriction leading to heart disease), and even stress (high levels of stress can cause
Hypertension is a medical condition wherein the blood pressure stays higher than 140 over 90 mmHg.* When blood pressure remains elevated for an unknown cause, it is called primary (also known as essential or idiopathic) hypertension. On the other hand, high blood pressure as a result of another complication such as tumor, endocrine or kidney diseases it is called secondary hypertension.* Risk factors which are likely to contribute to high blood pressure include age (more prone to people age 60 years and above), weight/size (obesity), sex (men are mostly diagnosed with hypertension) and lifestyle factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, constant tobacco (cigarette) smoking, low physical activity, having a salt-rich diet and genes (family history of hypertension). Unrestrained and prolonged hypertension increases mortality and morbidity.*
Hypertension is considered to be a disease in which a constantly raised blood pressure, or higher than what is perceived “normal” blood pressure, causes a halt in organ function such as heart failure, a stroke etc (Opie, L. H.). Most people don’t even know that they have hypertension as a condition because they haven’t had their blood pressure measured at a health care facility. In South Africa Hypertension is usually considered to be a “silent killer” because most people do not even realise that they are suffering from it because of their lack of knowledge on the subject. “Consequently, hypertension is universally underdiagnosed and/or inadequately treated resulting in extensive target-organ damage and premature death. Furthermore, hypertension frequently co-exists with other risk factors for chronic diseases of lifestyle (CDL), such as diabetes and obesity” (Steyn, 2005).