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Purpose of audit report
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Auditing plays a vital role in business, government and economy. The key value of auditing is its ability to provide an independent assurance on the integrity and fairness of financial information produced by companies and other entities. An auditor is under a statutory duty to report to members on the company’s financial statements for an accounting period and on the accounting records relating to those financial statements (s.308). Auditors are required to provide an auditor’s report to the members (i.e. shareholders with voting rights) of the company concerning the financial statement audit. The auditor must express an opinion on whether the financial statements are in accordance with the Corporations Act, comply with accounting standards (s.296) and give a true and fair view (s. 297).
Going concern modification of the audit report is a suitable setting to investigate in audit reporting behavior. First it matters as the auditors reports play may critical role in warning market participants of a firm’s ability to continue as a going concern (DeFond et al. 2002; Geiger et al. 20...
Due to the use of the company’s annual report for users to make decisions, ensuring that the financial reports convince the objective of general purpose financial reporting and qualitative characteristics of useful financial information as outlined in the IASB September 2010 ‘Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting’ (CF) have become extremely important. Such failure of disclosures can mislead information on the company’s financial statements.
The effects of a declining economy predominantly affect the inherent risk of the audit risk model because of the attraction to either inflate revenues or under-report expenses to keep the company in a positive financial standing. Many high-tech company’s experienced a devastating blow to their financials after the technology bubble burst in 2000, which was marked by two large fraud scandals. First, was Lucent Technologies Inc, a communication equipment provider, which began to inflate revenue of $1.2 billion after management became overwhelmed by the significant decrease in telecommunication equipment spending (Belson, 2004 para. 1). The adage of the adage. Included in the scheme was $125 of false sales to Winstar Communications (Belson, 2004 para. 1).
Haagen Dazs has differentiated its target group from the start of its growth. While the ice-cream industry was considered worldwide as a low price industry and mostly targeting in small ages, Haagen Dazs has from the start been focus on adults, who love the luxurious ice cream flavors. An important reason for taking this choice has been their premium price strategy, since only the financially independent adults could spend more money for high quality ice creams.
The need for expansion in global business is a necessity for big companies, and many Canadian companies are expanding their operation into overseas markets. This is a new challenge to the performance of high quality auditing, because new transaction will be made in these markets which are not necessarily follow Canadian GAAP standards for purpose of reporting. The auditors must ensure they understand business standards and regulatory that is applicable to entities that now form a part of consolidated financial statement. The auditors need to understand business structures which exist in foreign countries.
According to the article authored by Mark Rupert, what are the seven best practices in the roles and responsibilities of an internal audit function?
Auditing as a profession as evolved drastically over decades and as time has passed auditing activities has expanded from performing specific assurance activities for management, to assisting and advising management with their specific business activities. The Institute of Internal Auditors define internal auditing as ‘”…an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organisation's operations. It helps an organisation accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control, and governance processes.’ (Institute of Internal Auditors, 2013) Through this definition it can be explained why auditors can be seen as the ‘eyes and ears’ of management. Concentrating specifically on the principles of Governance, the usage of Internal Auditing Standards, the Current Role of Internal Auditing in SA, reviewing current crisis, the importance of Internal Auditing to management is evident.
An auditor needs to follow, abide and comply with the standards, rules and regulations of their profession, as these will help the auditor to recognize when independence and objectivity are compromised. Works Cited Gray, Iain and Stuart Manson. The Audit Process: Principles, Practice and Cases. London: Thomson Learning, 2008. Print.
Accounting ethics has been difficult to control as accountants and auditors must keep in mind the interest of the public while that they remain employed by the company they are auditing. The accountants should take into account how to best apply accounting standards when company faces issues related financial loss. The role of accountant is crucial to society. They serve as financial reporters to owe their primary constraint to public interest. The information provided is critical in aiding managers, investors and others in making crucial economic decisions. An accountant is responsible for any fraudulent financial reporting. Some examples of fraudulent reporting are:
Kent has a misconception that auditors have no specific duties regarding fraud. Furthermore, Kent also mentions that auditor provides no assurances about fraud because that is management’s job. In fact, auditors do not have duty to detect fraud. However, it is an auditor responsibility to detect material misstatements in the financial statement. Auditors are required to identify and assess the risk of material misstatement due to fraud and design procedures to detect such misstatement.
This shows how a lack of transparency in reporting of financial statements leads to the destruction of a company. This all happened under the watchful eye of an auditor, Arthur Andersen. After this scandal, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was changed to keep into account the role of the auditors and how they can help in preventing such
...e financial reports and statements are correct. This auditing will be conducted by auditing department of the organization, even may be done by an independent auditor who is not part of the organization, and sometimes public officials are elected. In case of unmatched consequences the organization need to give explanation on the misrepresentation of wrong statements. Auditors purpose is then to ensure that the misrepresentations are corrected, then maintain accurate, reliable financial documents and statements.
Audit Risk is the risk that an auditor has stated an incorrect audit opinion on the financial statements. It may cause the auditors fail to alter the opinion when the financial statements contain material misstatement. The auditor should perform the audit to lower the audit risk to a sufficiently low level. In the auditor’s professional judgement, the auditor should appropriately state a correct opinion on the financial statement
The fundamental duty of an external financial auditor is to form and express an opinion on whether the reporting entity’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with the relevant financial reporting framework. In discharging this duty, the auditor must exercise “reasonable skill, care and caution” (Lopes, J. in Kingston Cotton Mill Co 1896) as reflected in current legal and professional requirements.
The evolution of auditing is a complicated history that has always been changing through historical events. Auditing always changed to meet the needs of the business environment of that day. Auditing has been around since the beginning of human civilization, focusing mainly, at first, on finding efraud. As the United States grew, the business world grew, and auditing began to play more important roles. In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, people began to invest money into large corporations. The Stock Market crash of 1929 and various scandals made auditors realize that their roles in society were very important. Scandals and stock market crashes made auditors aware of deficiencies in auditing, and the auditing community was always quick to fix those deficiencies. The auditors’ job became more difficult as the accounting principles changed, and became easier with the use of internal controls. These controls introduced the need for testing; not an in-depth detailed audit. Auditing jobs would have to change to meet the changing business world. The invention of computers impacted the auditors’ world by making their job at times easier and at times making their job more difficult. Finally, the auditors’ job of certifying and testing companies’ financial statements is the backbone of the business world.
The major characters of the tradition audit are all information what is needed by auditors are on the paper and the manual calculators and without high communication technology. Auditors usually were limited by the place in the paper time. When a several people are working on the same auditing project for a client with offices in cities across the country, even worldwide, it takes a lots all time those auditors get the information which they need from the client, even there is risk paper information disappear for many reasons. on the another hand, mail paper information increase the auditing cost. The mistake caused by the manual calculators inevitably, no matter how fixed auditors concentrate on recalculate is, after all auditors are human. The global business become major in the modern business world, some example, several auditors who are in different locations are working a same auditing project, or auditors are in different city even country with the client, when there is issue among these auditors or between auditors and client, they only can communicate with each other by phone or be together and have meeting. Phone call can not make sure information been watched in the same time when the voice is talking about the issue, but having a meeting takes time and money make all people together, it increases auditing cost.