The Iroquois Theater fire This horrible incident took place in a theater where the audience was cast of 2000 women and children. School had been out for Christmas and that gave incentive to many of them to show up to the Wednesday matinee performance of Mr. Blue beard. Later during half way of the show, a spark from a spotlight fell down onto the curtains which caused the fire to start, having the curtain fall down onto those on the stage. The crowd bolted out in chaos, even though there were 27 exits, only a few were open for the audience and actors to storm out of there. This is because that the doors were locked, and the idea of having exits specifically for this type of situation had only originated after the terrible incident. The flame on the curtain grew due to the excessive amount of fuel it had (the stage). Nearly 600 (above 25%) had died inside the theater because of this faulty emergency escape structuring. Many then later died to severe burn injuries in the hospitals. Apparently, there were no fire detection nor suppression systems installed in the theater; the curtains didn’t close properly, the heat vents weren’t working well, the doors were either locked or didn’t open in the proper direction, and nor did they have any type of indication for those who were further away from the theater to easily look for the door. All these violations have placed the manager’s under indictment. But none of them were ever punished. And because of the mass amount in causalities, doors were then rigged so that they can open from the inside no matter what the situation was, and signs were placed on top of them indicating that doors were this direction ( as law would mandate it). Winecoff Hotel fire This fire in 1946 December 7th at do... ... middle of paper ... ...pectors had determined that the reason on which the fire had rapidly spread was due to many structural and design flaws. Wires not being grounded correctly, a fire alarm that never rung or let out a peep. The stairwell which was a critical escape path overwhelmed by smoke. Other defects located in the air conditioning systems, all which helped the smoke spread. Despite of 83 building code violations, no one was ever punished for the lives that were lost. Later, the Hotel was being rebuilt, and the fire marshal had issued for the hotel to pay 192000$ to install sprinklers in the casino room; the clark county building official had rejected for the fire marshal’s charge. Authorities then had said that the automatic sprinkler systems were better off installed in the first place, as they could have prevented the loss many lives and the disaster at the hotel. Even after
The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire not only affected the city of New York, but also the rest of the country. It forever changed the way our country would look at safety regulations in factories and buildings. The fire proved to America what can and will happen if we over-look safety regulations and over-crowd buildings. Unfortunately, 146 lives are taken before we fully understand this concept.
At 2215 hrs, on November 28, 1942, Fire Alarm Headquarters from Box 1514, situated at Stuart and Carver streets, received an alarm. When the responding apparatus arrived they found a small car fire at the corner of Stuart Street and Broadway. After the fire was extinguished the firefighters were about to return to quarters when their attention was called to smoke emanating from the Cocoanut Grove Nightclub a few doors away. Upon their arrival at the entrance of the Broadway lounge on Broadway they encountered numerous people leaving the premises admidst the cries of “fire”. The chief in charge immediately ordered that a third alarm be sounded from Alarm Box 1521 which the alarm was received by fire alarm headquarters at 2223 hrs. A civilian sent an alarm that was received at 2220 by fire alarm headquarters. As soon as the chief in charge realized that the immediate problem was one of rescue he ordered that a fourth alarm (received at 2224) and a fifth alarm (received at 1102) be sent. The apparatus responding was comprised of 25 engine companies, 5 ladder companies, 1 water tower company, 1 rescue company and various other apparatus. 18 hose steams for cooling purposes and three ladders were utilized (located at Piedmont, Broadway, and Shawmut for venting operations).
In West Warwick Rhode Island, on February 20th, 2003, during the performance of the band Great White, a fire broke out that eventually claimed the lives of 100 people and injured an additional 200. The band’s tour manager arranged for, and ignited pyrotechnic props, large fireworks designed to display a shower of sparks. The sparks ignited foam soundproofing near stage. The fire spread quickly. Most were killed either in the crush to exit the building or overcome by fumes while trying to find an exit. The immediate cause was well documented due to witness reports and a videotape that was taken during the concert. In the period that followed the tragedy there were many attempts to fix blame. Following a Grand Jury investigation, several of the parties involved plead guilty to violations of the law and served or are currently sentences in prison.
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire most of all impacted all forms of industry, and changed the way workers worked. Along with the legislations that impacted women and children, laws also centered on the safety and well being of all workers. One of the main reforms and changes came through the formation of the New York Factory Investigating Commission, or the FIC: a legislative body that investigated the manufacturers for various infractions. They were based on protecting the workers: both their rights and their lives. The FIC investigated countless factories and “enacted eight laws covering fire safety, factory inspections and sanitation.” The FIC was highly focused on the health and safety of industrial workers, making reports and legislation that focused on “fire safety, building construction, machine guarding, heating, lighting, ventilation, and other topics” and on specific industries like “chemicals, lead trades, metal trades, printing shops, sweatshops and mercantile establishments.” Thirteen out of seventeen of the bills submitted by the FIC became laws, and “included measures requiring better fire safety efforts, more adequate factory ventilation, improved sanitation and machine guarding, safe operation of elevators” and other legislations focused for specific establishments.” Fire safety and new fire codes such as “mandate emergency exits, sprinkler systems, and maximum-occupancy laws,” such as the Fire Prevention Act of 1911, were put into place to limit the likelihood that another fire like the one at Triangle would occur, or be as drastic and deathly. Other organizations like the Joint Board of Sanitary Control “set and maintain standards of sanitation in the workplace,” as well as actually enforcing these stand...
The role of the longhouse in Iroquois society goes beyond the physical structure of the household. To understand the affects and underlying causes of longhouse structural change, one must understand the societal and cultural significance of the built environment in Iroquois everyday life. The longhouse was a category of material culture with which one’s role in the society was produced (Birch 2012). The structure of everyday life, including kin relationships, inheritance, prestige, and even political power were symbolically embodied in the longhouse (O’Gorman 2010). Some postulate that the significance of the longhouse was so integral to structuring Iroquois society that it was essential to the interactions and boundary-forming practices that
local chief. The chief was the focus of power in the settlement. The local chief
Prior to the fire, Hartford held the title of “best governed city in America” and had won an award in the Inter-Chamber Fire Waste contest, due to the work done by the Fire prevention Bureau (Kimball, 1944). Because the Second World War was underway and Hartford was essentially a war industry center, the city took many precautions for fire safety, which included adding fire escapes to most buildings in the city (Kimball, 1944). Though the city was cautious and thorough with the city fire codes, they were more lenient with the circus. The circus had arrived late to the city and a building department inspector was waiting for it when it arrived. Because the circus had been around longer than the fire bureau and hadn’t had any previous issues, the inspector issued a permit before anything was even set up (Kimball, 1944). It’s doubtful that even if the inspector had stayed around to look over the structure before issuing the permit, that it would have stopped the fire; however, it could have allowed for more exits to be available for the patrons.
Due to the size and age of the building (built before 1976), safety regulations said that the nightclub did not have to have a sprinkler system, and it thus did not have one. The fire originating on the stage quickly filled the club with toxic smoke from the burning polyurethane and other building materials. In the shear moment of panic, the people caused a scene of chaotic proportions: stampeding towards the only exit they knew--the way they got in. Over 400 people all trying to get out one door at the same time caused a massive pileup trapping the majority of people inside. Just prior to the fire department arriving on scene the super heated gases trapped in the building ignited causing what is called a “flashover." Temperatures exceeding 932 to 1112 degrees Fahrenheit inst...
The drought was near historic high levels for the time of year. In the moments before the entrapment on of the squads and the crew boss trainee were working with a fire engine and its three person crew when a spot fire erupted right next to the road. The seven Northwest Regular Crew number six and a engine crew got in there vehicles and drove south past the fire along the edge of the road. While driving they radioed the other 14 crewmembers who were working north further up the river about the dangerous situation. The 14 crewmembers and the incident commander and two Northwest Regular number six squad members were suppressing spot fires between the river and the road ¼ mile north of the first squad when they were informed of the situation that was threatening there es...
Workers of the company using a blowtorch at the job site started it and failing to call the fire department immediately after a flame was presented. Though, this doesn’t come to a surprise as AvalonBay has a history of unsafe working conditions throughout their job sites. Leaving a trail of worker safety violations, there may be issues with the current proposal to build in Wayne. This issue negatively represents this company as developments found that “AvalonBay and its recurrent contractors and subcontractors have been cited for at least 38 safety violations” (“Unsafe Working Conditions”). Violations that also put their workers at risk as one AvalonBay employee died after falling 48 feet down an elevator shaft. If this company fails to keep their own employees safe and violate many safety issues, then what other violations may they encounter if they build in Wayne. This company has to keep the workers safe, the same workers who build their projects and make development possible. As illustrated in “Unsafe Working Conditions” Hector Figueroa, sectary-treasure of 32BJ SEIU states "AvalonBay 's development strategy has put workers ' safety at risk"(qtd in “Unsafe Working Conditions). Clearly this company demonstrates poor work ethics and can be to blame for the Edgewater fire. With this type of poor reputation given to this company, building here in Wayne should be out of the question. There 's too much risk and not enough gain allowing AvalonBay to develop the
Considering historical evidence, the notion: Native –Americans was not the first inhabitant of America is a complete false. For centuries, history kept accurate and vivid accounts of the first set of people who domiciled the western hemisphere. Judging by those records, below are the first set of Native-American people who inhabited America before the arrival of another human race; the Iroquois: The Iroquois of Native Americans was one of the tribes that lived in America before other people came. Based on historical evidence, it is believed that the Native Americans came from Asia way back during the Ice Age through a land bridge of the Bering Strait. When the Europeans first set foot in America, there were about 10 million Native Americans
In the story about Dekanawida who is a leader who founded the Iroquois Confederacy or the Five nations. Dekanawida means “wo rivers flowing together” was born to a mother that was supposed to be a virgin to the people in Canada. The fact that he would ruin his people the mother tried several times to kill him, but he survived. As her grew up he left Canada ad headed south where he met Hiawatha. They bother made a plan for uniting the five nations into one confederacy. The Iroquois Unity is now a model for founders of the Government of the U.S. The message that Deganawida is trying to send out is that all mean are brothers and they should stop killing and make peace and join an alliance of friendship instead of destroying each other.
The Iroquois League’s social structure is quite a fascinating one. The Iroquois League was created by Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Seneca tribes. With a pacifist perspective as their base, those nations created a treaty with all of the other non-Iroquois tribes. The council have 50 sachems, or chiefs. However, when the Tuscarora tribe joined in 1722, no more sachems were added. All sachems are equal to one another, but ones with more oral and social skills are the ones with more influence. The council was legislative, executive, and judicial. Men fought, while women raised children. The women also farmed, gathered, cleaned, and tanned the hides of buffalo and oxen. Within the league, there's a group of people who formed chiefs. The
The Iroquois includes many Indian tribes speaking a language of the Iroquoian family, such as the Huron, Mohawk, Onondaga, and Seneca among others. However, the Huron is often spoken of separately. The Iroquois differs from the Iroquois Confederacy, also known as the Iroquois League. All of them were affected by the arrival and colonization by Europeans. While Iroquois have a reputation of being violent, they were at times peaceful and were employed by different European companies; they also spread their culture and some European ideas with them. The Iroquois League has been said to have influenced the Founding Fathers, but is that true? Another question is whether the Iroquois were cannibals. They believed in witchcraft, but witchcraft
The Mississippi burnings were nothing but an old fashioned lynching. Hidden and disguised by the help of county officials, this case was overlooked and un-trialed. Nothing was done and three innocent men lost their lives.