In the context of development, capacity development has a pivotal position. Capacity development is the process that employed to strengthen the capability of individuals, organisations, societies to achieve their development objectives through a sustainable way. (Analoui and Danquah, 2017: 58) Capacity building is improving effectiveness that focus on furthering an organization’s ability to renew and improve the current situation. Generally speaking, capacity building improves the performance and enhances its ability of organisations or individuals. Capacity building involves mentoring, training, financial and other external resource support to societies, organizations and individuals. It will not happen in a short time, this process usually …show more content…
The external consultant is the person who considered not to be a member of the organization and the relationship of the external consultant and organization is determined by a project’s contract or a letter of agreement generally. The external consultant is paid on the basis of a project which having certain desired results and deliverables from this consultant. (Carter,2013) To discuss consultants, it is necessary to compare the internal consultants with external consultants. As for internal consultants, their job just like deal with family staff and they are more familiar with the problems of the organization than the external consultants. In addition, as the position of internal consultants, there is an advantage that they know the workers in detail. This plays a major role helping them win the favour of co-workers. Oppositely, external consultants run a risk of pissing the staffs off. Because they cannot possibly know each other personally, they may fail to co-operate properly. …show more content…
Development fundamentally is both complex and ambiguous. In recent years, Development has taken on the limited meaning of the practice of development agencies, especially in focusing on reducing poverty and the Millennium Development Goals. (Thomas, 2004: 1, 2) The definition of development is a controversial field. The Implicit value assumptions and associated policy responses are rationally linked to the nature of the definitions employed. These values are central to disputes about the definition of development – improve what, ways to improve it and the question of who decides? For much of the post-World War II period development has been defined in a long-term view with an emphasis on socio-economic structural transformation. Since the 1990s, development comes to be defined with a shorter horizon related to the policy objectives and performance indicators like the growth of income per capita and poverty reduction. The United Nations poverty reduction target for 2015, known as the Millennium Development Goals, is significantly higher in the latter
International Development and the Social Sciences, pp. 259-290. University of California Press,. Rostow, W.W. (1960) “The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto.” pp.
Outsourcing simply means acquiring services from an external organization instead of using internal resources (Butler, 2000). By using outsourced resources, organizations can gain a competitive advantage by utilizing contingent staff to accomplish strategic goals without incurring the fixed overhead. By focusing on the leading edge and highly specialized skill sets, outsourcing providers can often offer higher quality services, or at a lower price than the client organization. Typical reasons for outsourcing go beyond simple contingent staffing. Outsourcing providers are able to maintain economies of scale with regard to specialization (...
All over the world, disparities between the rich and poor, even in the wealthiest of nations is rising sharply. Fewer people are becoming increasingly “successful” and wealthy while a disproportionately larger population is also becoming even poorer. There are many issues involved when looking at poverty. It is not simply enough (or correct) to say that the poor are poor due to their own (or their government’s) bad governance and management. In fact, you could quite easily conclude that the poor are poor because the rich are rich and have the power to enforce trade agreements, which favor their interests more than the proper nations. This is a very serious problem in our society today. Poverty is everywhere and it needs to reduced so that our economy will be more stabilized and balanced that it has been. What does it mean to be poor? What does it mean to describe a nation as “developing”? A lack of material wealth does not define one as deprived. A strong economy in a developed nation does not mean much when a significant percentage or a majority of the population is struggling to survive. Development usually implies an improvement in living standards such that a person has enough food, water, and clothing, a stable social environment, freedom, and basic rights to have a fair chance for a decent life. Is this actually progress? On the other hand, are we fooled into believing that it is? The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services placed the poverty level for a family of four at $16,450 in 1998, and the poverty rate in 1996, according to the HHS, was 13.7 percent, or 36.5 million Americans. (Egendorf: 1999, 12). Is there really a way to measure poverty, and to decide exactly what poverty is? Hunger, income level, housing and the economy’s condition of the working poor are just a few example of what needs to be considered when measuring the poverty levels in our nation. Poverty expands and contracts and its definition changes in accordance with temporary exigencies, including the interests of those who propound the definitions do the counting, which means that there is no concrete definition of poverty, except for the numbers. (Valentine: 1968, 13). Poverty is not something that has just recently become an issue; it has been around for many years. The economy has been a major influence on the levels of poverty in our nation. In 1973, poverty increased ...
No matter if you are an internal or external consultant you are identified by three roles
As Escobar points out in The Problematization of Poverty, one of the many changes in the post-WW2 era was the "discovery" of mass poverty throughout the world. This "discovery" had massive implications for development discourse. Prior to WW2, development discourse was limited to the colonial experience. But with the end of colonial rule lurking on the horizon, western academics began to formulate theories of economic growth and "modernization." As a result, an entire genre of academic research emerged: the development discourse. The aim of development discourse was to chart out patterns of growth (which were based on the historical successes of the West) that newly independent countries could use, primarily to escape vicious cycles of poverty, famine, etc.
An on-going discussion that has drawn much attention since the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) is the theme of poverty reduction. According to such a policy there is a growing need for developing countries to achieve a sustained rate of growth. However, since purely economic growth strategies may not necessarily elevate poverty and anti-poverty measures may not lead to an increase in growth, it has highlighted the need of an alternative approach that at the same time would benefit the poor and lead to an increase in economic growth. This has paved the way for the concept of ‘pro-poor’ growth, which interlinks growth, poverty and inequality. In terms of measuring it academics have characterised it by an absolute position or a relative position. There has been a growing consensus in favour of devising development policies, which promote ‘ pro poor’ economic growth. This paper will attempt to define the concept of ‘pro poor growth’, identify specific policies that promote pro poor growth and critically examine the arguments in favour of devising development policies, which promote ‘pro-poor’ economic growth.
In organisations, clients look to consultants for advice to solve problems and improve the company. From the survey in 2006 by management consultancy Association 66 per cent of the c...
In international parlance, development encompasses the need and the means by which to provide better life for people in poor countries and it includes not only economic growth, although that is crucial, but also human development like...
An internal consultant is, at first glance, just like an external consultant: a professional that is hired to solve an organisational problem and implement the solutions in order to improve the performance of an organisation. Both types of consultants can work within all possible management and organisational areas from strategic planning to mergers and acquisitions, finance, organisation efficiency, process improvement and technology. Similar to external consultants, their sometimes competing internal colleagues can also function as advisors, change agents, execution facilitators, coaches or trainers. The difference lies in the relationship with the client organisation; internal consultants are on the payroll or limit themselves
53). A principal advantage that internal consultants have is their thorough knowledge and understanding of the organization’s business practices (Miller & Subbiah, 2012). Since internal consultants have regular interaction with the stakeholders, they understand what will work in the present environment (Miller & Subbiah, 2012). The strengthened channel of communication is the result of the internal consultant’s existing relationship with employees in the organization (Morris, 2016). In comparison to the external consultant, internal consultants are more cost effective. Additionally, internal consultants assist organization members in relating to other organizations, aiding in conflict resolution and validating activities of change within the organizations (Cummings & Worley,
A disciplined approach to management eying leading employees, improving the management team and building the business strategy. Instead of treating each problem as a one off. They design systems and structures that make it easier to handle in the future. (Techrepublic, 2015) 2.2. Risk of exposing confidential data: When an organization outsources HR, Payroll and Recruitment services, it involves a risk if exposing confidential company information to a third-party Synchronizing the deliverables: Some of the common problem areas include stretched delivery time frames, sub-standard quality output and inappropriate categorization of responsibilities. At times it is easier to regulate these factors inside an organization rather than with an outsourced partner Hidden costs: Although outsourcing most of the times is cost-effective at times the hidden costs involved in signing a contract while signing a contract across international boundaries may pose a serious threat Lack of customer focus: An outsourced vendor may be catering to the expertise-needs of multiple company at a time. In such situations vendors may lack complete focus on your organization 's tasks. 2.3. 1.Know the
The topic that I have selected for my chapter evaluation essay is that of “Economic Development”. This paragraph above is the best summary of the chapter’s contents. In this chapter the author discusses the influence of development on the three worlds of countries. These worlds are benchmarks set to assess countries economic states relative to each other.
McMichael, Philip, ed 2012. Development and Social Change: A Global Perspective, 5th ed. London: Sage Publications, Inc.
In this book Ferguson aims to create an understanding of the workings of the concept of development through the case study of the Thaba-Tseka Development Project. To achieve this he gives detailed accounts of the setting and conditions of the project, as well as emphasize where and how development practitioners went wrong in this particular case.
Focusing on the concept of “development,” there appears to be a divide between those who see development in terms of "growth" or "modernity," and those whose idea of development is that which is measured by assessing whether or not people have access to basic needs like education, health, and livelihood, and whether or not these people live in a society which has some respectable...