During the Woodland period , a beautiful tradition flourished involving distinguishable earthworks and unique, detailed artwork. The society that built these traditions is known as the Hopewell culture. Stemming from the Adena tribes, the Hopewell culture diffused by the sharing of ideas common to their certain way of life (Roza 2005). The interaction sphere that became the Hopewell culture and tradition grew to connect across the entire North Eastern United States.
In this paper, the traditions and ideas that bound the Hopewell culture together will be investigated. This paper will detail what has been observed about the start of the Hopewell Indians and look specifically at the unique cultural ties they fostered. By uncovering artifacts,
This sphere thrived in the Ohio Valley from about 200 B.C. until around A.D. 400. While the inpact of the Hopewell was short lived, it was extremely powerful and unique. The Hopewell societies and groups were powerful because of their ability to create common goods, which in turn created an entire sphere of interactions. These interactions made an enormous impact by the spread ideas, art and goods farther then they had ever been spread before. Beyond these interactions, the Hopewell culture is bound together by decorated burial methods, large scale public works, sedentary villages and agricultural methods, vast exchange networks as well as elaborate and detailed ceramic arts. Hopewell was special because of the cultures, “artistic, constructional and ritual efforts which surpassed those of earlier manifestations.” (Seeman
While there are many Hopewell grounds, the most is common prominent cultural center was in what is now Ohio. Other than this example, there were thirteen other variants of Hopewell culture that are located in different areas throughout the eastern woodland area. Evidence points to trade connections that flourished and created an archaeological horizon. One such example is the interaction sphere known for, “dispersing objects from regional transaction centers” (Power 2004). The societies that were involved in these interactions swept across the mid east in areas such as Marksville which is located in Louisiana, Crystal River in Florida, Copena on the Tennessee River, Kansas City on the Missouri River, Havana Hopewell on the Illinois River, and the Effigy Mound People from Iowa and Illinois (Power 2004). The interaction sphere created by these people groups prospered and flourished for over five hundred years. Over time, its influence began to spread towards the East and Southeast with the assistance of trade routes. (Bolnick & Smith 2007). This trading is what led the Hopewell Culture to have both an economical and an artistical taste in art. The ideas that the art brought about were not spread through word of mouth. Ideas that the Hopewell culture were founded on came from the exchange of multiple societies’ materials and artifacts. Trade circles became more relevant in these societies and a culture
The English took their land and disrupted their traditional systems of trade and agriculture. As a result, the power of native religious leaders was corrupted. The Indians we...
When the Europeans first migrated to America, they didn’t know much about the ancestral background of the different types of the Indian tribes that were settled in Virginia and along the East Coast. Many of the Indian tribes became hostile towards the colonist because the colonists were interfering with their way of life. This lead the natives to attempt to destroy the frontier settlements. Many forts in this area were erected to protect the settlers and their families. One the historical land...
There are three parts in West’s book; the first part focuses on the sociological, ecological and economic relationships of the plains Indians, starting with the first establish culture of North America, the Clovis peoples. Going into extensive detail pertaining to early geology and ecology, West gives us a glimpse into what life on the early plains must have looked to early peoples. With vastly differing flora and fauna to what we know today, the early plains at the end of the first ice age, were a different place and lent itself to a diverse way of life. The Clovis peoples were accomplished hunters, focusing on the abundance of Pleistocene megafauna such as earlier, larger forms of bison. Though, little human remains were found, evidence of their s...
This paper tries to explain Jack Weatherford's Indian Givers by examining the history of the Native American connection to many agricultural products would not have been produced without the knowledge that Indians gave. Weatherford further stipulates that it is through these advances in agriculture that the United States has remained a strong contender in the global market, that without the influences of the Native Americans on the early settlers those early immigrants to America would not have survived. Through his work, "Indian Givers: How Indians of the Americas Transformed the World", Weatherford brings an insight to a people that most individuals have been neglected to consider. The paper concludes that it is Weatherford's purpose to demonstrate that Native Americans have been a misrepresented and forgotten people when the history of North America is discussed.
Mrozowski, Stephen A. "Creole Materialities: Archaeological Explorations Of Hybridized Realities On A North American Plantation." Journal Of Historical Sociology 23.1 (2010): 16-39. Academic Search Complete. 27 Apr. 2014. Web.
So now you have met the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas. You’ve learned about their lives, seen their journeys, and traveled with them from the past to the present. In all I hope this paper gives a greater understanding of the history and a look into another culture to broaden minds.
The region of the northwest coast was blessed with an abundance of natural recourses for human existence and made it possible for the area to thrive. As a result of this unusual abundance, the area could sustain large populations and a complex social order for many Indian groups. Because of the level of sustainability, the cultures had more time for artistic and intellectual activities and endeavors and over time, art became very important and vital to the complex social structures of the groups of the northwest coast.
Duane Champagne in Social Change and Cultural Continuity Among Native Nations explains that there has never been one definitive world view that comprises any one Native American culture, as there is no such thing as one “Native community” (2007:10). However, there are certain commonalities in the ways of seeing and experiencing the world that many Native communities and their religions seem to share.
When discussing each moundbuilding Shaffer discusses the number of characteristics for each moundbuilding, such as culture, food, and its decline in America. Shaffer discusses how the Poverty Point people were very spread out across the country; they happened to miles apart. The diets of Poverty Point people varied based on the area in which they lived. Some people would eat large quantities of fish while others ate turkeys, cranes and other kinds of birds. Throughout all of the moundbuildings, they had a similar trade network. Poverty Point would trade minerals such as cert, steatite, and sandstone. The Poverty Point people relied heavily on water routes for their trade network. Shaffer also discusses how pottery became a major advantage to the moundbuilding people. They were now able to cook stew due to pottery. Before, the people would use leafs to make a bowl like shape, but they could not put it directly over the fire. Around 700 B.C. Poverty Point’s preeminence and unique style of moundbuilding faded away, therefore the decline of the entire civilization. In the Adena – Hopewell moundbuildings Shaffer discusses how corn first appeared during the Hopewellian period. Even though corn was found there the people of Hopewell did not rely on it much. But, rather the people were cultivating plants to increase their supply of edible seeds. Shaffer also discusses how the Adena – Hopewell moundbuilding put a lot of effort toward ceremonies and burials. The Hopewellian culture sent off their dead with an array of gifts, which included great stashes of raw materials and finely finished pieces. Sadly, the Hopewellian phenomenon began to decline between A.D. 300 and 400, along with moundbuilding, ceremonialism, and long – distance trading networks. After the Adena – Hopewell moundbuilding came the Cahokia moundbuilding where corn made a reappearance several hundred
A single group of indigenous people or single Native American group does not exist but many. Early America had many groups of Native Americans that can be organized by regions: Eastern Woodlands, Southwest, Pacific Northwest, and Great Basin. This analysis will focus on the Southwest Native Americas. The Southwest refers to modern day Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Northern Mexico. This region consisted of three major cultures, the Mogollon, Hohokam, and Anasazi people. In the Southwest, all three groups engaged in extensive farming more than groups in the Eastern Woodlands. This extensive farming proved that these Native Americans were settlers created pueblo villages complete with dwellings. The Hohokam peoples constructed canals as an irrigation system in now modern Arizona. This differed from several other groups of Native Americans usually in the Great Basin that were nomadic, following their food, the bison. Specialization in sophisticated crafts such as ceramics, pottery, and basket weaving emerged in the Southwest. Especially important and distinctive to Southwest Native Americans was maize, co...
2. “Cherokee Culture and History.” Native Americans: Cherokee History and Culture. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2014. .
Doxtator, Deborah. Excerpts from Fluffs and Feathers: An Exhibit on the Symbols of Indianness, A Resource Guide. 1988. Revised edition. Brantford, Ontario: Woodland Cultural Centre, 1992. 12-14. Print.
Native Americans chose to live off the land such as animals and the trees for houses from the time of early civilization in the Americas to when Christopher Columbus sailed across the Atlantic. In Thomas Morton’s writing he said “they gather poles in the woods and put eh great end of them in the ground, placing them in form of a circle.”
McKay, J/P/, Hill, B.D., Buckler, J., Ebrey, P.B., Beck, R.B., Crowston, C.H., & Wiesner-Hanks, M.E. (2008). A History of World Societies, Volume A: From Antiquity to 1500. New York, NY: Bedford/St. Martin's
Ember, Carol R., Melvin Ember, and Peter N. Peregrine. "Ch. 13: Origins of Cities and States." Anthropology. 13th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005. 215+. Print.