ffect of temperature on solubility
Introduction
The solubility of a substance is defined as its ability to dissolve. There are some factors that alter solubility, such as pressure and the type of solvent, but will temperature affect the solubility of a substance? The investigation problem is to identify whether or not the temperature of a substance affects its ability to dissolve in another substance. Understanding solubility and the processes that undergo is very important, this is due to the important role that it plays in our daily life as well as in the human body. When it comes to oral ingestion, especially in drug delivery, it is profitable since it permits to deliver the medicine throughout the system in order to gain positive and desired responses. Meanwhile it is seen in the human body, it is also manifested while doing household cleaning and in automoviles. That’s why it is essential to recognize and know what is solubility in order to be able to control, manipulate, and enhance it as well as get informed of how life works by depending on water and chemical reactions.
Theoretical Framework
According to Rogers (2000), the solubility of a substance is a property that states the amount that will dissolve in a certain amount of solvent. In other words, solubility refers to a substance’s ability to dissolve. When the substance is dissolving, we refer to the solvent as the substance in which the solute is being dissolved, and to the solute, which is the substance that is being dissolved. Solubility may depend and change according to its temperature, most of the times solubility of liquids and solids tends to increase as the temperature increases. Oppositely to that, as temperature increases, the solubility of the gases dec...
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Hypothesis: The Alka Seltzer will dissolve fastest in hot water and slowest in cold water.
Solubility test was used to determine if unknown white compound was soluble in water. To conduct the solubility test, many materials were used such as flask, glass rod, scale, and chemical used was unknown white compound. First, 0.25 gram of unknown white compound carefully measured on scale. Then, the 0.25 gram of unknown white compound added to 100 mL of water and dissolved it using the glass rod. While the unknown
tablet to completely dissolve in water at different temperatures. Input variables -. Varying surface area of Alka-Seltzer tablet, i.e. if cut into smaller pieces or crushed it will increase the surface area. ( If the surface area is increased (more powdered) the rate of reaction. also increases in the number of people.
Craig, D. Q. (2002). Pharmaceutical Applications of Micro-Thermal Analysis. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 91(5), 1201-1213.
Water at 16°C took the longest to dissolve the tablet at 72.88 seconds. The room temperature water (at 25°C) took 37.18 seconds. The water at 39°C dissolved in 19.4 seconds. Finally, the water at 48°C dissolved in 20.28 seconds.
In this case study, our concern goes for the chitosan nanoparticles; firstly nanoparticles are able to adsorb and/or encapsulate a drug, thus protecting it against chemical and enzymatic degradation. Furthermore the encapsulated drug may be prevented from crystallization, thus forming a solid solution. Depending on drug solubility in the carrier, a drug load varying from only a few percent up to 50%] Secondly, chitosan is ...
Singh, R. Paul. "Sugar (chemical Compound)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2014. Web. 29 Apr. 2014.
soluble. In other words, any way ap person gets it in his or her body, it will
-Newsome, K. (2014). Which Type of Salt Melts Ice Faster?? Retrieved October 26, 2016, from https://prezi.com/fbfqmnsismd3/which-type-of-salt-melts-ice-faster/
Size and stability: Liquid formulation can be bulky, difficult to transport and store.1 During storage under the stated conditions, it’s necessary that oral solutions are not subject to precipitation, fast sedimentation, caking or formation of lump.2 They have poor stability compare to solid dosage form formulation due to hydrolysis.1 Therefore, it’s important to optimize the active ingredient stability in liquid formulation including those prepared from powder or granules.2
As we discussed above that pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics can be seen as two sides of the same coin in order to gain better understanding of their efficacy and safety profiles.” Generally it is possible to make fairly robust predictions of the pharmacokinetic profile in man using in vitro systems and preclinical pharmacokinetic studies. A previously published survey on the causes of failure in drug development indicated that inappropriate pharmacokinetics were a major cause such as; factors as low bioavailability due to high extraction or poor absorption characteristics, short elimination half-life leading to short duration of action and excessive variability due to genetic or environmental factors. This observation has led to an increased emphasis on pharmacokinetic input to the drug discovery process throughout the pharmaceutical industry. However, it is important to realise that this may only permit the rejection of compounds to b...
Electrical conductivity refers to a substances ability to carry moving electrons (conduct electricity). In order to do so, there must be a supply of delocalised electrons. While in a solid state, ionic substances can not conduct electricity as there are no delocalised electrons or free/mobile ions to act as charge carriers. In an aqueous ionic solution, the H2O molecules break apart the crystal lattice structure of the ionic substance into individual ions, surrounding each ion in a jacket of hydration. Below is the equation that describes the dissociation of NaCl when in H2O solvent.
1-Butanol with intermediate polarity was soluble in both highly polar water and non polar hexane as 1-butanol can be either polar or non polar compound. 1-Butanol was polar based on the general rule of thumb stated that each polar group will allow up to 4 carbons to be soluble in water. Also, 1-butanol can be non polar due to their carbon chains, which are attracted to the non polarity of the hexane.
Temperature is an important parameter when measuring the soluble solid content of a solution by using a refractometer? Why?
However, the polarities should not be the same as this will cause the compound to completely dissolve in the solvent (1). The second procedure dealt with finding a suitable solvent to recrystallize the crude acetanilide. A sand bath was set up and 0.5 mL of each solvent was added to 50 mg of acetanilide in four different test tubes. The four solvents used to test the solubility of the acetanilide were water, ethanol, dichloromethane and hexanes.