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Social stratification within sports
Nature and scope of sports psychology
Nature and scope of sports psychology
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This study explores social hierarchies among students within a southern Californian university’s rock climbing gym. Communication, ability and personality differ among the climbers in regards to climbing, especially between the top roping area and the bouldering area of the rock gym, but play an important role in the interactions that occur. In particular, this study examines the factors of social hierarchy within the rock gym, and for what reason this type of power structure exists. The sport of climbing has grown in popularity over the past few years, with the number of people becoming involved in this technical sport constantly increasing. Indoor rock climbing gyms are becoming readily available in many cities across the US, and magazines,
Based on these three perspectives the social role of organizations allows us to see that human talent applied to levels of excellence is discriminatory in nature. Being in a certain area may present more opportunities for an individual to receive additional training than another social group based on location. This in turn limits a social group organization from the ability to achieve excellence as it pertains to a sport or even a non-sport. Who’s to say that that a local YMCA first place swimmer in a rural area with no exposure other than local recognition cannot reach the level of excellence as a city league first place swimmer with exposures to represent a city or state. Each approach is different depending on many factors such as mentioned above. The overall outcome is how we reach the level of excellence rather than human talent. Implementation of these studies show that social circumstances play a key factor in the social aspect of excellence to which society has scaled down to
With 600,000 people across Australia who have participated in aerobics at one point in time, it can be manifested that aerobics is one of the most marginalized sports within the country (Ausport, 2000). With such a marginalized sport, there are many stereotypes that are associated with just the word aerobics. This is explored through the survey that was conducted and was answered by the students at StAC. Many of the stereotypes that are believed in society are that aerobics is a sport dominated by females and that it more of a dance class. This report will evaluate the possible influences that have shaped students’ perceptions using Figueroa’s Framework and Maslow’s hierarchy. Aerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness (flexibility, muscular strength, and cardio-vascular fitness) (Balbach, 2013). It is usually performed to music and may be practiced in a group setting led by an instructor. It can clearly be seen that with music and a fitness instructor leading the class that many people may have these common stereotypes fulfilled. Figueroa’s framework explains the concepts of equity, access and equality through the 5 levels constructed by Professor Figueroa (Crossley, 2013). Another significant piece of evidence held in this report is Maslow’s hierarchy and is the theory involving the psychology of human development (Macleod, 2007).
I would like to point out that many non-nerds are involved with marching band, such as myself. I have been involved in track, football, soccer, and powerlifting throughout my high school career, all while excelling in the band. Some of the best athletes I’ve personally known were at one time in the band and were quite talented as well. One of my good friends, Kaleb Gilbert is a prime example of this. Kaleb was undoubtedly the best snare drummer in the Nettleton High School Band from the time he was in 8th grade to the time he graduated. Kaleb was one of the best basketball players at Nettleton High School as well--talented enough to earn a basketball scholarship to East Mississippi Community College, a school widely known for its athletics. He also earned a free ride to Itawamba Community College via a band scholarship. This proves without a shadow of a doubt that band students are not subjected to a certain type of people, contrary to stereotypes. On the point of running and contact, golf powerlifting are sports that require neither or these, and they have never not been referred to under the classification of a “sport”. This negates the argument that any type of running and contact are necessary to be deemed a
The culture of the gym is slowly coming together just after two days of observations. The gym is primarily a male dominant place to do but in our college the only area that is completely dominant is the weight lifting area and that’s only during prime hours. Also on the note of personal space there is noticeably a tendency for both male and female to have a certain amount of space around them like a personal bubble.
The town of Glenridge is at the surface not any different than any other surburban American town. Like most towns it has its “cliques” and the “jocks” are at the pinnacle of the town. Idolized by the students and a sourse of pride for the entire town, however the Glenridge boys were not like most high school athletes. The “Jock clique” formed at a very early age,and invaded their surroundings taking over where ever they went, whether it be school, games or around town, protected by the “boys will be boys” attitude held by the rest of the town.
Stone, Jeff, Aina Chalabaev, and C. Keith Harrison. "The Impact of Stereotype Threat on Performance In Sports." Stereotype threat: Theory, process, and application. 217-230. New York, NY US: Oxford University Press, 2012. PsycINFO. Web. 14 Nov. 2013.
.In addition young athletes have become more aggressive. Kids that participate in competitive sports are becoming more and more aggressive and competitive the sports have become themselves. Mitchell reveals "traits like bullying and the need to dominate their oppo...
College is a time for young people to develop and grow not only in their education, but social aspects as well. One of the biggest social scenes found around college campuses are athletic events, but where would these college sports be without their dedicated athletes? Student athletes get a lot of praise for their achievements on the field, but tend to disregard the work they accomplish in the classroom. Living in a college environment as a student athlete has a great deal of advantages as well as disadvantages that affect education and anti-intellectualism.
The concept of hegemonic masculinity, as described by R. W. Connell, is becoming more applicable than ever, namely in the world of sport. This notion was developed nearly twenty-five years ago, yet remains highly influential in the social construction of gender roles. In current Western societies, there is an automatic assumption that women involved in sports are all lesbians, and men posses more masculine traits than one who is not involved in sports. This double standard emphasizes the inequalities within the athletic community. The emphasis on masculinity brings forth different consequences for men and women, where men are regarded as strong and powerful, while women are intrinsically seen as more masculine (Baks & Malecek,
Forget about the people who don’t have the money or the time to participate. Ignore the low-paid janitors, maintenance workers, and front-desk clerks, whose jobs don’t even offer health insurance. Just focus on the entitled inhabitants of the gym (or running or rowing group), who are encouraged to make themselves healthier and more attractive in a leisurely, carefully designed way, stopping for an occasional juice drink or chat. In this world, the sexes are more or less equal, people of all skin colors and sexual orientations mingle freely without the need to drink and dress up, and bodies are displayed with a minimum of self-consciousness, there’s free Wi-Fi and, in the locker rooms, free shampoo and
The journal article, “What does sport mean to you? Fun and other preferences for adolescents’ sport participation” claims that fun, social aspects, masculinity, and identity are the main reasons youth participate in sports (Skille and Østera˚ s, 360). Oftentimes, athletes forget they are on the same team, and they start to form cliques or groups based around who has the best bench press or 40 meter dash time. As a result, teammates start to compete with each other instead of working towards the same goal. For instance, one coaching journal article claims that “moral reasoning” in youth is determined through “collective norms” or group behaviors that the coach has a hand in influencing (Shields, LaVoi, Bredemeier, Power, 748-749). A proper coaching environment should therefore revolve around a fun, supportive, and collective environment where success is encouraged through the full support of the team. This support can further be developed through proper positive mindfulness and code of conduct guidelines set forth by the coach; for instance, hazing should be discouraged and proper communication and helpfulness among teammates should be
engineering feat for this project is a climber. It may seem like this is a simple extension of modern
Social structures are constraints that affect the lives of both the affluent and the indigent members of society. Each society has its own set of social arrangements for example; class, gender and ethnicity are all constraints that each society has to deal with in one way or another. One of the most fundamental of the social structures would be class. Class structure is found in all societies and is the key source of economical inequality. Members of different class groups start their lives with unequal opportunities. This means that when someone is born into a poor household they will undoubtedly remain in the same economical situation they began in. Gender is another important issue when regarding structures. For years women have struggled to be accepted into the workforce and although there have been many improvements on the treatment of female employees there is still a long way to go to reach equal opportunities. Ethnicity has a strong bearing on what we can achieve in life by greatly affecting our place in the labour market. Although Australia is a multicultural society life chances for Australia's own migrants are still less than adequate when it comes to being treated fairly in the workforce.
People who have become involved in sports and recreation develop a larger group of friends, receive more social support, and are more likely to engage in conversation with o...
In society, we are unconsciously arranged and grouped based on factors in ones lives that decide were we lay on a social scale. These factors include your socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, sex, age, religion and anything that may pertain to a privilege you hold. Social hierarchy is just this; a ranking of individuals based on their personal factors that divide them and creates a hierarchy. Social hierarchies are part of our everyday lives because positions we hold come assigned with different tasks. Those tasks are infused with power, privilege and prestige. Those factors lead to people having power, privilege and prestige over others, therefore causing a hierarchy. In my explanation of social hierarchy, I will be touching on two concepts: