DESCRIPTION OF OTHER MATERIALS
1. Cement : Cement should develop appropriate strength. The Ordinary Portland Cement of 53 grades conforming to IS: 8112 is being used. PROPERTY IS CODE IS : 8112 - 1989
Specific Gravity 3.12 Consistency 33 Initial setting time 30 minimum Final setting time 600 maximum
2. Water : Water is an important ingredient of concrete as it actually participates in the chemical reaction with cement. Since it helps to from the strength giving cement gel, the quantity and quality of water are required to be looked into very carefully.
3. Aggregates : They are the important constituents of concrete. They give body to the concrete, reduce shrinkage and effect economy. Good
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Gravity of Combined Coarse Aggregates 2.882
16 Sieve Analysis of Fine Aggregates Separate Analysis Done
17 Specific Gravity of Ceramic waste material 1.17
18 Sieve Analysis of Ceramic waste material Separate Analysis Done
Procedure for Concrete Mix Design of M25 Grade Concrete
Step 1 — Determination Of Target Strength
Himsworth constant for 5% risk factor is 1.65. In this case standard deviation is taken from IS:456 against M 20 is 4.0. ftarget = fck + 1.65 x S
= 25 + 1.65 x 4.0
= 31.6 N/mm2
Where, S=Standard deviation in N/mm2=4(table-1 of IS 10262- 2009)
Step 2 — Selection of water / cement ratio:-
Table 5 of IS 456, page no 20 Selection of Water Cement Ratio
1 Maximum Water Cement Ratio (MORT&H 1700-3 A) 0.45
2 Adopted Water Cement Ratio 0.43
0.43 310 kg/m3, hence, OK.
This value is to be checked for durability requirement from IS: 456.
In the present example the minimum cement content is 310 kg/m3 which is less than 320 kg/m3. Hence cement content adopted = 320 kg/m3.
As per clause 8.2.4.2 of IS: 456
Maximum cement content = 450 kg/m3.
Step 5: Estimation of Coarse Aggregate
could vary by as much as 4%. Assumption of SD of 2% may be not be correct.
Many people go through tough struggles in their lives, but no one really sees it, and most of the time no one really cares. The Rose That Grew From Concrete was written by Tupac Shakur. In this poem the author uses conflict, the characters, and mood to illustrate that just because something shouldn’t happen doesn’t mean that it won’t happen.
they're not. Concrete is to cement as a cake is to flour. Concrete is a mixture
Besides the known inventions and renovations of the Roman Empire, one of the building materials that the Roman Empire produced was concrete. With its strength, inexpensiveness and its easiness to work, the Roman Empire left an everlasting impact. Concrete that is a mixture of aggregate, which is usually gravel, sand or small stones, binding agents, and water is used to construct buildings and infrastructure. The first one, aggregate, gives the product its mass while the second one, binding agents, is used to harden the product. In the early times of the history, limestone powder was usually used as a binding agent in the mixture. The Romans later used “pulvis puteolanus” (pozzolanic ash), which was a fine volcanic ash as a binding agent and it allowed Romans to have strong concrete that is also durable (Yegeul, n.d.). It was easy to use
No, the value of 4.1620049 was nonsignificant based on the level of significance for df2 which is 5.99.
BMR = 66 + (6.23 x 165) + (12.7 x 71) - (6.8 x 17) = 1880.05
466 compared to .399. The residual plot for the linear regression is on page 5
Variance (2) Standard Deviation () Reaction 1 7.6 x 10-4. 2.76 x 10-2.
jenny_eli, please do not redistribute this project. We work very hard to create this website, and we trust our visitors to respect it for the good of other students. Please, do not circulate this project elsewhere on the internet. Anybody found doing so will be permanently banned. Introduction into Limestone 83xYv Visit coursework cd in cd fo cd for cd more project cd Do cd not cd redistribute 83xYv Limestone and chalk are used in large quantities to manufacture quicklime and cement.
Table 1 Characteristics of the subjects. Data (mean and SD) Male (n = 15) Female (n = 15) p-value Age [years] 25.8 (2.9) 24.6 (5.3) Weight [kg] 77.5 (10.
Throughout the construction industry, technology plays a role to help ease the completion of a project to all of the parties involved. The amount of technology application in the industry supports the belief that technology has a positive impact on project productivity. One of the main materials used in the construction industry that surrounds us every day, in which we overlook, is concrete. Concrete is an art form, in which it takes time and talent in order for it to be used efficiently, to produce its high strength and longevity. However, the downfall of this material is that it is extremely costly and nearly impossible to form it to an aesthetically pleasing surface. In spite of this, what if I told you that there is hope? That the dream of a material made of concrete, producing the same qualities, can be formed to any shape, and used anywhere was a reality.
ement occupies approximately 50% of the mixed concrete volume and is responsible for physiomechanical properties of concrete. Cement production is essential to infrastructure and building construction, creating demands in very large quantities. Energy resources invested in the production process and resulting greenhouse gas emissions have become problematic. The cement production process has become among the world’s largest anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide emissions, contributing to approximately 5% of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions, (WBCSD, 2009). Increased pressure is being placed on the industry to reduce CO2 emissions, owning to awareness regarding sustainability....
Concrete is one of the world’s most popular construction materials. Some six billion tonnes of concrete is produced each year in the world, making it approximately one ton of concrete for every human being per year (Fardis, 2012, p.116). However, the lifecycle of concrete does not make it the most sustainable building material at the moment. Because of limited natural resources, concerns over green house gases, and landfill problems, concrete production is being cut-back, or at least cannot be increased to keep up with population increase. In this essay, I will look at what makes concrete an unsustainable material and possible solutions to make concrete a more sustainable material.
Now a days HPC is expensive than conventional concrete. It require additional materials in some quantities as to meet specified performance.These additional materials are cement,silica fume,...
Concrete is a composite material used widely in the construction industry. Concrete is basically a mixture of cement, water, aggregates and admixture (sometimes). Cement is a fine gray powder that consists of oxidizes calcium, silicon and aluminum. The aggregate used is normally gravel, crushed stone or sand. Admixture is a solid or liquid substance that gives a certain characteristics of the concrete. The cement reacts with water chemically and binds the aggregates together through a process called hydration during hardening or curing of concrete. It means that water helps in the hardening of the concrete while the cement bind the aggregate and also react with water to form a solid mass.