Robert Latham Owen, Jr. was one of the first two senators to represent the State of Oklahoma. Owen was a Cherokee through his mother who was a big part of his life. Owen helped Native Americans in many ways in the first part of the 20th century. Owen used his position to secure monetary gains for Native Americans through action in the U.S. Court System and through legislation in Congress.
After Owen finished obtaining a top education at William and Lee University he moved into Indian Territory to the town of Salina. Here he taught at a Cherokee orphan asylum and held other prominent positions in the area before he began to practice law in 1880 . At this time Indian Territory did not have a U.S. Court System within its borders but Owen promoted a compulsory arbitration system. Through this Owen was able to settle thousands of civil suits between the people of Indian Territory . This lasted until Owen helped to establish the U.S. courts in the territory in 1889 . This was the start of the many cases Owen would be a part of when representing various Native American groups.
The most prominent case for Owen was when he represented the Eastern Cherokees in a suit against the United States Government in 1906. The suit was over land and the payment for that land as outlined in a treaty signed in 1893 . Owen won this case for the Eastern Cherokees and they were awarded nearly five million dollars . This was a victory for not only Owen and the Eastern Cherokees but also for all Native American groups. This allowed them to get at least some type of gain after being removed from their lands. Owen represented other bands such as the Western Cherokees who were awarded $800,000 and the Choctaws and Chickasaws who were awarded thre...
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Works Cited
"Characters in Congress -- Senator Robert Latham Owen of Oklahoma." New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=F70F10F7395517738DDDA80894DB405B888CF1D3 (accessed November 29, 2013).
Keso, Edward E.. The senatorial career of Robert Latham Owen,. Gardenvale, P.Q., Can.: Garden city press, 1938.
"Oklahoma's First Senator Dies." Chronicles of Oklahoma. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/chronicles/v025/v025p178.pdf (accessed November 30, 2013).
Owen, Narcissa, and Karen L. Kilcup. A Cherokee woman's America memoirs of Narcissa Owen, 1831-1907. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2005.
Owen, Robert, and Gertrude Coogan. "Foreward." In Money creators. Hawthorne, Calif.: Omni Publications, 1967. 1-2.
202 U.S. 101; 26 S. Ct. 588; 50 L. Ed. 949; 1906 U.S. LEXIS 1522. Date Accessed: 2013/12/04. www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic.
Mr. Smith was appointed to be a Senator on a whim. He was the leader of the Boy Rangers with no political experience. He was principled with a clear view on right and wrong. Mr. Smith took his ideals as far as risking his career when he did not compromise in order to maintain his beliefs. In addition, special interest groups did not impact Mr. Smith's decisions. He was untouched by the corruption that he learned existed in the legislature. Yet upon discovering it, he did not change himself. Mr. Smith did not place any emphasis on re-election and did not care if people thought negatively about him as long as he remained with his values.
Dye, Thomas R., L. Tucker Gibson, Jr., and Clay Robison. Politics in America. Ninth ed. Vol. 2. New York, NY: Longman, 2011. 337. Print.
In Michael Rutledge's story "Samuel's Memory" he uses very vivid descriptions that make the story ever more compelling and engaging. However in Andrew Jackson's adress to Congress was more forceful upon the "Indian Removal act." He used many strategic concepts to convince people that the removal of the Native Americans was a good thing. He used more of a political
Roger F. Wicker was elected to the United States Senate on November 4, 2008, and currently serves with Senator Thad Cochran representing the state of Mississippi (www.senate.gov). Each state always has two senators in the Senate regardless of its population size. Since there are fifty states that means there are one hundred senators currently serving in the Senate. Out of the one hundred senators, one-third of them come up for election every two years, because the terms are staggered. The interesting fact about the Senate seats is that senators who seek re-election usually win with a ninety percent success rate (www.wikipedia.com). The United States Senate has the responsibility to advise and consent to the President's government appointments, it must ratify all treaties with foreign governments, it tries all impeachments, and elects the Vice President in the event that no one gets a majority of the electoral votes in an election. Senators are elected to represent the state from which they are elected. They are assigned to serve on committees and review bills or proposed laws. Senator Wicker currently serves on five committees. Most of Senator Wicker’s policies that he sponsors centers on creating jobs, reducing spending, limiting federal overreach, and maintaining a strong nation...
John Ross was born in Turkey town October 3rd, 1790 .John Ross was the principal of the Cherokee nation in 1827. His family moved to the base of lookout mountain,a place that later became Rossville .Georgia and his father's store learned customs of traditional Cherokees.The store served the Cherokee and allowed Ross to learn about traditionally customs.John Ross attended school in Tennessee and of married there too.The rebuild of the nation in Indian territory ,in present -day Oklahoma.
Kermit, L. H. "Meyer v. Nebraska." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Retrieved October 17, 2010 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-MeyervNebraska.html
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president from 1829 to 1837 and was a American Soldier. Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act on May 20 1828. He wanted the Native Americans land which was
John Ross was the first and only elected Cherokee leader. He was one - eighth Cherokee. John went to Washington to protest the Georgia legislature actions for annexing the Cherokee land and he pleaded for justice. John was 38 year old well-informed man who had been in the Cherokee government business since the age of 19. Joseph Vann was a wealthy, hard-working Cherokee leader who owned an 800- acre plantation at Spring Place and built a good brick house for his home. “John Ross, the Cherokees’ leader, hurried to Washington to protest the Georgia legislature's action and plead for justice. Joseph Vann, a hard-working half- breed, had carved out an 800- acre plantation at Spring Place and built a fine brick house for his residence.” (Brown, 283)
Thousands of Indians were forced out of their own homes to find new land to live on. “Of some 11,500 Cherokees moved in 1838, about 4,000 died along the way.” “That any person or persons, whatsoever, who shall chose to emigrate to the Arkansas country and shall sell the improvements he or they shall be in possession of.” Everything that the Indians owned was either taken away or sold. Many people thought that the Indians were treated unfairly. He believed that the colonists and the Indians could not live together, peacefully. To many people this was not a good decision Andrew Jackson could have made. This action can help support the opinion of him being a bad president.
During this time Congress passed the Indian Removal Act on May 28, 1830. The law authorized President Andrew Jackson to remove tribes to federal territory (via negotiation) west of the Mississippi River. The non-Indian people were in support of the act because they wanted those lands. There was a lot of resistance from the Indians with this act and the forcing of the other tribes out of their homeland created an issue for the Osage Nation because the government wanted to move them to the Osage’s current lands. In 1834, Congress created the first Indian Territory that later became the State of Oklahoma (minus the
President Andrew Jackson played a major role in the cause of the Trail of Tears. He was one of the biggest advocates of Indian removal. He caused the Creeks to lose 22 million acres of land in Southern Georgia and central Alabama when he commanded United States military forces
In 1830, he signed the Indian Removal Act and Jackson wanted to remove the Cherokees from the land. The Cherokees did not approve of the act and thought they were being treated unfairly. However, the Cherokees took it to the Supreme Court and won. Jackson stilled gave permission for the Cherokees to be removed from their land.
Rowlandson, Mary. A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson.In Women’s Indian Captivity Narratives. Ed. Kathryn Zabelle Derounian-Stodola. New York: Penguin Books, 1998.
Kugel, Rebecca, and Lucy Eldersveld Murphy. Native women's history in eastern North America before 1900: a guide to research and writing. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007.
When European explorers first contacted the Cherokees in the 16th century, they have been consistently identified as one of the most socially and culturally advanced of the Native American tribes. Having thrived for hundreds of years before first European contact in the southeastern area of what is now the United States. Cherokee culture and society continued to develop, progressing and embracing cultural elements from European settlers. The Cherokee shaped a government and a society matching the most civilized cultures of the day.(1) In 1829, things changed when President Andrew Jackson ordered the round up and removal of the tribes for their land that held gold so coveted by the European