Paget’s Disease
Paget’s disease persistent condition by the normal bone remodeling process. The regular bone has a balance that makes it lay down new bone and take up the old bone. We are suppose to have a normal calcium level in our blood with the bone remodeling. Paget’s disease is affected mostly in older bones of adults. Don’t get me wrong Paget’s disease can be found in children which is called juvenile Paget’s disease. Another name for Paget’s disease is osteitis deformans. There are two types of Paget’s disease when only a single site of bone is affected by paget’s disease it is called monostotic type. When multiple sites of bones are affected by paget’s disease it called polyostotic type. Paget’s disease is usually occurs in adults over 55 years old. This disease is not inherited.
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For instance, Paget’s disease was found by a English surgeon Sir James Paget. This disease was found in the year of 1877. Paget’s disease unfourtnely does not cause any symptoms. When they find out about Paget’s disease is usually on x-ray tests. Paget’s disease causes bone pain which is like fracture pain. Paget’s disease is usually found in the spine, the thigh bone, the pelvis, the skull, the collarbone and the upper arm bone. The fractures usually occur because the affected bone is not as strong as a normal bone would be. This usually causes a sore type of pinch which if it is found near the hip or knee it can lead the person to
Type I is the mildest form of OI and is inherited as an autosomal dominant tra...
Introduction : Mrs Dorothy Beecham has been admitted to hospital with community –acquired pneumonia and query DVT. She is currently on waiting list of total knee replacement. Her past medical history including cardiovascular disease, COPD, osteoporosis, varicose vein and recurrent DVT in the past two years. A blood test has been done and result is available. DVT on her right calf is also confirmed by Doppler ultrasound.
10. What parts of the skeleton are most vulnerable to the ravages of osteoporosis? Since the elderly are at risk of getting osteoporosis especially in older women. The most common are areas of the body to get this disease would be the spine, ribs, wrist, hip and in the arm. Which in this case was the reason Margaret obtained her hip fracture.
J.P. was positive for dyspnea and a productive cough. She also was positive for dysuria and hematuria, but negative for flank pain. After close examination of her integumentary and musculoskeletal system, the examiner discovered a shiny firm shin on the right lower extremity with +2 edema complemented by severe pain. A set of baseline vitals were also performed, revealing a blood pressure of 124/80, pulse of 87 beats per minute, oxygen saturation of 99%, temperature of 97.3 degrees Fahrenheit, and respiration of 12 breaths per minute. The blood and metabolic panel exposed to several abnormal labs.
Osteoporosis is a condition, in which bones are weak from deterioration, loss of bone mass, and quality bone strength. Osteoporosis usually triggers postmenopausal women (women who have not had their period for a whole year), or older men and women. Some risks both older men and women endure when experiencing osteoporosis are decreased calcium and bone fractures. These symptoms or effects can all be caused by weight loss, smoking, age, ethnicity, genetics, medications, bone structure, and certain diseases that can later on contribute to osteoporosis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoporosis may be prevented by going to drug therapy to stop alcoholism and smoking, a sufficient amount of calcium intake, and exercising such as jogging, walking, and aerobics.
The second type, Polyarticular JRA, affects 30% of children with JRA, more so in girls than boys, and affects five or more joints. The small joints of the hands are affected as well as the major weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, ankles, feet, and neck. In addition to the joint inflamation a low grade fever may be present along with bumps or nodules on the body from on areas that are subject to pressure from leaning or sitting.
The pathophysiological difference between rickets and gout is obvious. Rickets is a disease consisting of soft bone usually in children. The medical term for softening of the bone is osteomalacia and is the term used when describing rickets to a patient. The anatomy and physiology of rickets starts when the osteoid (bone appearance, structure) does not calcify correctly within the body. Inside the blood stream, vitamin D travels throughout the body until the liver is reached. When in the liver, vitamin D is converted to calcidiol (hardening substance) and pushed to the kidneys where the process ends. The kidneys transform calcidiol into the final form of vitamin D called calcitriol. Calcitriol absorbs calcium, magnesium, and phosphate. Rickets occurs when calcitriol is not present in the kidneys.
Type I of OI is the most common, comprising 70% of all cases. Bruising will occur very easily in this type. The bone fragility is considered mild to moderate, and osteoporosis will be present. In this case it is likely that multiple fractures will have occurred before the age of 5.
Syndrome cases occur in people over the age of sixty, the elderly are often the
Von Willebrand Disease or VWD for short is the most common inherited bleeding disorder, affecting more than 1% of the world’s population. It was discovered by Dr. Erik Von Willebrand, a Finnish physician, who published his findings in 1926. Von Willebrands Disease is caused by the lack of Von Willebrand Factor or VWF in circulation in the body. Von Willebrand is described as:
Congenital defects also may have genetic bases, as in families who have extra fingers or toes or in the disease osteogenesis imperfecta, in which children have such brittle bones that many are fractured. Disorders of growth and development include several kinds of dwarfism and gigantism. Bones or limbs may develop deformity as the result of known causes, such as the infection poliomyelitis, or unknown or variable causes, such as curvature of the spine (SCOLIOSIS) or CLUBFOOT. Infections Infections of bone, called osteomyelitis, are usually caused by pus-producing bacteria, especially Staphylococcus and Streptococcus.
Fibular fractures may be complete or incomplete fractures. Fibula fractures may occur anywhere along the bone. The fracture we are trying to fixate is a complete fracture. Fractures occur when a force is placed on the bone that is greater than it can withstand, and when a fracture does occur in the fibula, it’s usually at the same time as the tibia. When only the fibula fractures, it is usually because of a direct blow to the side of the leg or an extreme sideways bend at the ankle or knee. Some other common causes of fibular fracture include, direct hit from doing contact sports such as hockey or lacrosse, stress fracture; weakening of the bone from repeated stress, or indirect injury, caused by twisting, turning quickly, or violent muscle contraction. Tripping, falling or impact during an accident are also major causes of fibular
A PE usually begins as a clot in a deep vein of the leg, which is called deep vein thrombosis. This clot can break and travel through the bloodstream to the lungs and block the artery. Blood clots can form in the deep veins of the legs if blood flow is restricted and slows down. This can occur when you don’t move around for long periods of time. Some examples that can cause this are some types of surgery, during a long trip in a car or airplane, and if you must stay in bed for an extended period of time. Under rare circumstances an air bubble, part of tumor, or other tissue travels to lungs and causes ...
Hemothorax. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2047916-overview#aw2aab6b2b4 Norvell, J. G. (2013, June 11). Tibia and Fibula Fracture Clinical Presentation. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/826304-clinical Queensland Government.
Patients may present with symptoms and signs limited to the foot or with systemic problems.