In Toni Morrison's “Recitatif”, race and the ambiguity elements that surround it, keeps the reader guessing who’s black and who’s white. The constant stereotype diction brings the reader from one judgment to another. The story of two girls, Twyla and Roberta, who grew up in a state home for children, and their encounters through different times in their lives. The author has the reader consistently analyzing and try to determine their race based on stereotypical statements. In an example, Morrison writes, “they never wash their hair and the smell funny”, in which leads the reader to interpret that one girl is black or white based on the readers’ natural experiences, thoughts, and feelings (210). Toni Morrison's ambiguous word choice in 'Recitatif" …show more content…
In the second paragraph of the short story, we can already conclude that race is a factor. The story is told from first person account and Twyla says, “The minute I walked in and the Big Bozo introduced us, I got sick to my stomach. It was one thing to be taken out of your own bed early in the morning---it was something else to be stuck in a strange place with a girl from a whole other race” (210). Here we already start thinking race is going to play a part in this short story. She continues in the second paragraph by saying, “And Mary, that’s my mother, she was right. Every now and then she would stop dancing long enough to tell me something important and one of the things she said was that they never washed their hair and they smelled funny” (210). We know that the story takes place in 60’s-70’s, where racism was everywhere. But we still do not know if Twyla is White or Black from that statement. We do know, however, that one character is white and one is black because Twyla says “we looked like salt and pepper” (210). Trying to identify whose race is who’s becomes more difficult as the author continuous to prompt clues but these clues can have us judging either
When Twyla and Roberta first meet, there is already a racial divide. This is made evident by their different ethnicities and Twyla’s skepticism brought on by her mother’s comment about their hair “smelling funny (Morrison 31).” Although this misconception might not have directly influenced their friendship, it is stated that Twyla and Roberta did not get along in the beginning and Twyla even comments that her mom would not like the set-up; it was not until they
The main aspect of this story is how race should not be someone’s entire identity, and that there are other parts of people that create who they are. Personality has nothing to do with whether someone is black or white, and throughout the story the reader catches themselves making these assumptions and feeding in to these stereotypes. Both Roberta and Twyla find difficulties in determining whether or not Maggie was black or white, and their memories seem to be unreliable. Roberta remembers Maggie being black while Twyla
Humans are born, but people are made. Entering the world with minds shapeless and pure, the world is the sculptor that perverts the conscience and hardens the heart. Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif” deals with just that—who we are and who we are told to be. Though the actual races of the two main characters, Twyla and Roberta, are left completely unknown, they are all but ignored. The story simmers with the wounds of stereotyping, racism, and socioeconomic divide. Morrison’s exclusion of Twyla and Roberta’s races brings forth the learned status of racism within the world of the story and the reality of the reader’s conscience.
In Toni Morrison’s “Recitatif” Twyla’s mother Marry had no problem expressing her sexuality because she was a stripper, who danced all night, she wore a fur jack and green slacks to a chapel to meet her daughter Twyla. Her clothing was inappropriate especially to Roberta’s mother who was symbolic of God. Roberta’...
Those two events may seem like nothing but it shows how even at the early age of 8, children are taught to spot the differences in race instead of judging people by their character. Directing after this Twyla mentions how her and Roberta “looked like salt and pepper standing there and that’s what the other kids called us sometimes” (202). On the first page of this short story we already have 3 example of race dictating how the characters think and act. With the third one which mentions salt which is white and pepper which is black we understand that one girl is white and one girl is black. The brilliance of this story is that we never get a clear cut answer on which girl is which. Toni Morrison gives us clues and hints but never comes out and says it. This leaves it up to us to figure it out for ourselves. The next example of how race influences our characters is very telling. When Twyla’s mother and Roberta’s mother meeting we see not only race influencing the characters but, how the parents can pass it down to the next generation. This takes places when the mothers come to the orphanage for chapel and Twyla describes to the reader Roberta’s mother being “bigger than any man
The difference of color is seen through the eyes, but the formulation of racial judgement and discrimination is developed in the subconscious mind. Toni Morrison’s short story “Recitatif (1983)” explores the racial difference and challenges that both Twyla and Roberta experience. Morrison’s novels such as “Beloved”, “The Bluest Eye”, and her short story “Recitatif” are all centered around the issues and hardships of racism. The first time that Twyla and Roberta met Twyla makes a racial remake or stereotype about the texture and smell of Roberta’s hair. Although they both were in the orphanage because of similar situations, Twyla instantly finds a racial difference. The racial differences between Twyla and Roberta affects their friendship, personal views of each other, and relationship with their husbands.
Stereotyping is when a person believes someone has a certain characteristic based on their race. Toni Morrison purposefully does not tell the readers the race of Twyla and Roberta in the story because she wants the reader to recognize how they stereotype others based on how she describes the girls. The only way we know the girls are not the same race is because Twyla says, “So for the moment it didn’t matter that we looked like salt and pepper standing there and that’s what the other kids called us sometimes,” (Morrison 239). Twyla and Roberta are friends in a time period where African Americans and white people were learning how to co-exist with each other so it was a step in the right direction for them to develop a friendship despite their differences. When Twyla first meets Roberta she stereotypes her and says, “And Mary, that’s my mother, she was right. Every now and then she would stop dancing long enough to tell me something important and one of the things she said was that they never washed their hair and they smelled funny,” (Morrison 239). Twyla knew nothing about Roberta when she made this comment but she judged her based on what her mother has told her about people of the opposite race. Twyla and Roberta were both young girls when they first met so the only thing they knew about race was what their mothers or other people told them and during this time period they was a lot of stereotyping and biased
In the story “Recitatif” author Toni Morrison, published in 1983, tells a story of two young girls, Twyla and Roberta, with two different ethnicities, who grow up in an orphanage together. Due to the fact that the story is narrated by Twyla, it seems natural for us the readers to associate with this touching story, as many of us have encounter racial discrimination back in the 1980s, making it clear that Morrison states the two girls grow up to always remember each based on the similarities and the childhood they both encounter together, come from different ethnic backgrounds, and as the story reveals, destiny is determined to bring the girls’ path together.
Toni Morrison’s Recitatif is a short story that challenges readers understanding of racial stereotypes through two characters, Roberta and Twyla, of different races that are only alluded to through different stereotypes. The racial ambiguity of the kitchen woman from their childhood orphanage, Maggie, is the focus of the end of the short story as a conflict between the two characters not being able to remember her race. Maggie’s race is not the only cause for disagreement between the girls, it also sets up an important parallel between the characters in the story and the audience reading it. Maggie’s possible abuse is portrayed as being called childish names but it’s actually surrounded by a much more tragic, personal, and meaningful reasons
In the story, “Recitatif,” Toni Morrison uses vague signs and traits to create Roberta and Twyla’s racial identity to show how the characters relationship is shaped by their racial difference. Morrison wants the reader’s to face their racial preconceptions and stereotypical assumptions. Racial identity in “Recitatif,” is most clear through the author’s use of traits that are linked to vague stereotypes, views on racial tension, intelligence, or ones physical appearance. Toni Morrison provides specific social and historical descriptions of the two girls to make readers question the way that stereotypes affect our understanding of a character. The uncertainties about racial identity of the characters causes the reader to become pre-occupied with assigning a race to a specific character based merely upon the associations and stereotypes that the reader creates based on the clues given by Morrison throughout the story. Morrison accomplishes this through the relationship between Twyla and Roberta, the role of Maggie, and questioning race and racial stereotypes of the characters. Throughout the story, Roberta and Twyla meet throughout five distinct moments that shapes their friendship by racial differences.
How important is it to be able live for yourself? In Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison, the egotistical, self-involved Milkman Dead lives passively and without active response to what goes on around him. He lacks consideration for others and seems to live without a care about anything. However, one night’s event turns into a window that opens Milkman up into changing. Soon after, he begins to be active, responsive human with a passion. Morrison’s Song of Solomon illuminates, through a scene of conflict with Milkman, the importance of independence and individuality while expounding upon the themes of the necessity of identity.
“They never washed their hair and they smelled funny, Roberta sure did. Smell funny. Roberta could not read.” In the 1960’s African Americans were reviewed as people with poor hygiene and uneducated. When Twyla brings up those stereotypes to describe Roberta I immediately thought she was the African American. Twyla also said, “my mother would not like you putting me in here”, referring to the fact that Caucasian women did not like their daughters anywhere near an African-American, let alone living with one. Roberta is portrayed as a minority. The description of Roberta’s mother also leads readers to believe Roberta is African-American because in the text her mother is described as “bigger than a man, wearing a enormous cross and carrying a bible”. This description relates to a religious African-American women today, Whoopi
Mobley, Marilyn Sanders. “ Toni Morrison.” The Oxford Companion to African American Literature. Eds. William L. Andrews, Frances Smith, and Trudier Harris. New York: Oxford UP, 1997.508-510.
...omfort and care. The quality of her clothes threatened to derange Frieda and me.” page 63 (Toni Morrison). These sentences say a lot about what and how people perceive others. People are not only judging others by their race in this book but also social class.This connects to Geraldine, who believes a person’s skin tone defines then.Geraldine uses social class to separate black from colored. She calls people “colored” if they aren’t poor and are neat, quiet, sheltered and well-dressed.“Niggers were dirty and loud” page 87 (Toni Morrison).
The novel Sula by Toni Morrison exemplifies the new feminist literature described by Helene Cixous in "The Laugh of the Medusa" because of the final portrayal of the two main characters Nel and Sula. However, it is clear throughout the novel that both Cixous's and Gilbert and Gubar's descriptions of women characters are evident within this novel. The traditional submissive woman figure paradoxically is set against the new woman throughout the novel. It is unclear whether the reader should love or despise Sula for her independence until the very last scene. Although both the perspectives of Cixous and Gilbert/Gubar are evident within the text, ultimately it is the friendship of the two women that prevails and is deemed most important. This prevailing celebration of womanhood in all of its dualistic and mysterious aspects is exactly what Cixous pushes women writers to attempt.