Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Magnesium Introduction
In the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium, the
hydrochloric acid will dissolve the magnesium and produce hydrogen
gas.
All chemical reactions involve reactants which when mixed may cause a
chemical reaction which will make products.
In my case the reactants are hydrochloric acid and magnesium ribbon.
The chemical reaction takes place when the magnesium ribbon is dropped
into the hydrochloric acid. The products that are formed during this
reaction are hydrogen gas and magnesium chloride. The formula equation
for this experiment is:
Mg + 2HCl (r) MgCl2 + H2
Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid (r) Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen
(s) (Aq) (aq) (g)
Magnesium will react with hydrochloric acid, because it is higher in
the reactivity series that hydrogen. When the two chemicals react a
displacement reaction will take place and the magnesium will displace
the hydrogen in the hydrochloric acid forming magnesium chloride and
hydrogen gas.
Reactivity Series
K (potassium)
Na (sodium
Li (lithium) all too dangerous to react with a strong acid
Ba (barium)
Ca (Calcium)
Mg (magnesium) -
Al (aluminium) manageable metals
Zn (zinc) these metals will react with hydrochloric acid as they
Fe (iron) they are higher in the reactivity series than hydrogen
Sn (tin) and so a displacement reaction will take place
Pb (lead) ¯
H (hydrogen)
Cu (copper)
Hg (mercury) none of these metals will react with hydrochloric
Ag (silver...
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...constantly changing
during the reaction because as time goes on there are fewer acid
molecules. There are fewer acid molecules because when the acid reacts
the same particle cannot react again, so there are less to end with
than there are to start with. As time goes on the number of acid
particle decrease so there is less chance of a successful reaction to
take place.
Before I started the experiment I made up a prediction. I predicted
that the more concentrated the acid solution the faster the magnesium
and hydrochloric acid will react. I thought that this would happen
because when there are more acid particles in the test tube the more
chance there is of a successful collision. I was right in my
prediction but I did not predict that the rate of reaction slows down
as time goes on which did happen in my experiment.
The sand is If the water with Alka-Seltzer tablets is stirred during the reaction, then the rates of reactions will increase because the particles will be forced to make contact with each other and... ... middle of paper ... ...results anomalies because they are the outcome of dissociation of calcium and magnesium ions,. Evaluation: What is the difference between My results were very reliable, because by looking at my graphs I can see a trend that relates to my scientific background. It is also evident that I have obtained a reliable set of results when I see that.
We began this investigation by suiting up in lab aprons and goggles, we then gathered our materials, found a lab station and got to work. We decided to start with the magnesium in hydrochloric acid first, we measured out 198.5 L of HCl and put it in the foam-cup calorimeter and took initial temperature reading. We then selected a piece of magnesium ribbon and found its mass: 0.01g. This piece was placed in the calorimeter and the lid was shut immediately to prevent heat from escaping. We “swirled” the liquid mixture in the calorimeter to ensure a reaction, and waited for a temperature change. After a few moments, the final temperature was recorded and DT determined.
the acid was at 14 C the magnesium took 141 seconds to react and 27 C
The first step that we took to accomplish our goal was to put on our safety goggles and choose a lab station to work at. We received one 400ml beaker, one polyethylene pipet, two test tubes with hole rubber stoppers, two small pieces of magnesium (Mg), one thermometer and a vial of hydrochloric acid (HCl). We took the 400ml beaker and filled it about 2/3 full of water (H20) that was 18 OC. Then we measured our pieces of Mg at 1.5 cm and determined that their mass was 1.36*10-2 g. We filled the pipet 2/3 full of HCl and poured it into one of the test tubes. Then, we covered the HCl with just enough H2O so that no H2O would be displaced when the stopper was inserted. After inserting the stopper, we placed the Mg strip into the hole, inverted the test tube and placed it in the 400ml beaker. HCl is heavier than H2O, so it floated from the tube, into the bottom of the beaker, reacting with the Mg along the way to produce hydrogen gas (H2). We then measured the volume of the H2, cleaned up our equipment and performed the experiment a second time.
Hydrochloric Acid, Sodium Thiosulphate Reaction. Research: What is the difference between Hydrochloric acid is a strong colourless acid formed when hydrogen chloride gas dissociates in water, used in industrial and laboratory. processes. The.
[IMAGE] Most reactive Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron Tin Lead Copper ------ Silver Gold Potassium Least reactive Electrical flow through metals work like this: the current in the metal is carried by electrons and will only flow if there charges which can move freely.
The reason I believe this is that chemical reactions occur when particles of the reacting substances collide. Increasing the number of the particles increases the number of collisions per second and this increases the reaction rate. In the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate you can increase the number of particles in two ways. The first of these is to increase the surface area of the calcium carbonate.
An elements¡¦ reaction to certain substances may be predicted by its placement on the Periodic Table of Elements. Across a period, an element on the left will react with more vigor than one on the right, of the same period. Vertically, as elements are sectioned into groups, the reaction of each element increases as you move down in the same group. With this in mind, the reactions of the substances involved in this experiment may be hypothesized, observed, and validated.
The number and strength of collisions is increased so that the reaction can happen faster than it should. If the particles have more energy then more particles will be able to react to it. Solid reactants like marble chips are affected by surface area. The larger the surface area, the more collisions that will take place.
The Effect of Temperature of Hydrochloric Acid on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Magnesium
Aim: The aim of this experiment was to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.
Hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate arrow calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water. HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s) arrow CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) Things that affect the reaction rate of this experiment are: 1. The temperature of the hydrochloric acid. 2.
If there is not enough energy no reaction takes place. In a solution of 0.5M hydrochloric acid, there are less hydrochloric acid particles compared to that of 2M hydrochloric acid, therefore, there are less particles to react with magnesium particles thus meaning less chance of collisions between the two reactants: [IMAGE] Therefore, as the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is increased, the chances of collisions increase thus giving a faster rate of reaction. Apparatus: Beaker Hydrochloric acid Distilled water Measuring cylinder Pipette Test tubes Test tube rack Diagram: [IMAGE] Method: Measure out 10cm3 of hydrochloric acid, as the concentration requires, for each concentration its composition is: Moles Volume HCl Volume Water 2M 10 cm³ 0 cm³ 1.5M 7.5 cm³ 2.5 cm³ 1M 5 cm³ 5 cm³ 0.5M 2.5 cm³ 7.5 cm³ 0M 0 cm³
Conclusion This experiment was set out to find the effect of different temperatures of hydrochloric acid on the rate of reaction with magnesium. The information recorded was then interpreted and compared to the hypothesis. From this information, a conclusion can be made to show that the rate of reaction relates to temperature in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium. In conclusion, as proven in this experiment, the higher the temperature of hydrochloric acid, the faster the reaction it has with magnesium.
The Effect of Temperature on the Rate of Reaction Between Hydrochloric Acid and Calcium Carbonate